http://www.novaroma.org/vici/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/Marcus_Cornelius_Gualterus_Graecus&feed=atom&deletedOnly=&limit=50&target=Marcus_Cornelius_Gualterus_Graecus&topOnly=&year=&month=NovaRoma - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T14:11:22ZFrom NovaRomaMediaWiki 1.17.0http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Ludi_Apollinares_of_the_year_-_2763_(Nova_Roma)Ludi Apollinares of the year - 2763 (Nova Roma)2010-07-12T18:43:32Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: </p>
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<div>{{Praetores}}<br />
{{LanguageBar | Praetor (Nova Roma)}}<br />
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==Ludi Apollinares 2763 auc / 2010 c.c.==<br />
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During the Second Punic War in 542 auc (212 BC), the '''Ludi Apollinares''' ("Apollonian Games") were instituted after a prophecy attributed to Marcius.<br />
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Marcius was a famous prophet, whose prophecies had been sent in 541 auc to the then urban praetor, M. Aemilius Lepidus, who transferred the information to his successor, P. Cornelius Sulla. As Marcius had announced the defeat of Cannae, in a first prophecy, Sulla considered that the second known prophecy should be examined very attentively. This second one said:<br />
"''Romans, if you wish to expel the enemy and the ulcer which has come from afar, I advise, that games should be vowed, which may be performed in a cheerful manner annually to Apollo; when the people shall have given a portion of money from the public coffers, that private individuals then contribute, each according to his ability. That the praetor shall preside in the celebration of these games, who holds the supreme administration of justice to the people and commons''. (..)" (''Livy 25, 12'')<br />
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Sulla praetor then required the priests to make any necessary ritual and, the next day, spoke in the Senate about the affair. A senatus consultum "was passed, that the decemviri should inspect the books relating to the celebration of games and sacred rites in honour of Apollo. After they had been consulted, and a report made to the senate, the fathers voted, that “games should be vowed to Apollo and celebrated; and that when the games were concluded, twelve thousand asses should be given to the praetor to defray the expense of sacred ceremonies, and also two victims of the larger sort.” (''Livy 25, 12'')<br />
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Livy adds:<br />
"When the praetor was about to celebrate the games in the Circus Maximus, he issued an order, that during the celebration of the games, the people should pay a contribution, as large as was convenient, for the service of Apollo. [15] This is the origin of the Apollinarian games, which were vowed and celebrated in order to victory.(..)".<br />
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==Apollinares Schedule: a.d. VII to III Idus Quintiles (July 9 to 13) ==<br />
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'''DAY I''' ~ {{Jul 9}}{{2010}} (July 9, 2010 cc)<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
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* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo APOLLO]<br />
* [[Opening Ceremony ~ Ludi Apollinares 2763 (Nova Roma)|Opening ceremony]]<br />
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</div><br />
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'''DAY II''' ~ {{Jul 10}}{{2010}} (July 10, 2010 cc)<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemis DIANA], <br />
* <br />
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'''DAY III''' ~ {{Jul 11}}{{2010}} (July 11, 2010 cc)<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesclepius AESCULAPIUS], <br />
* [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/NovaRoma-Announce/message/2053 The ritual led by pontifex Cn. Cornelius Lentulus] <br />
* A public prayer for every Nova Roma sick civis.<br>''This prayer concerns every Novaroman who are currently facing a disease or a surgeonry intervention, or will soon. The names that will be brought at the attention of the Praetura will be inserted alphabetically hereafter'': '''Iunia Laeca''' Eq. .<br />
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</div><br />
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'''DAY IV''' ~ {{Jul 12}}{{2010}} (July 12, 2010 cc)<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eos AURORA],<br />
* Circenses : quarter-finals (circus Flaminius) ; consult here the [[Circenses Apollinares chariots list (Nova Roma)| list of subscribed chariots]].<br />
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'''DAY V''' ~ {{Jul 13}}{{2010}} (July 13, 2010 cc)<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
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* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leto LATONA]<br />
* Circenses : semi-finals and finals (circus maximus)<br />
* [[Closing Ceremony ~ Ludi Apollinares 2763 (Nova Roma)|Closing ceremony]]<br />
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</div><br />
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==Results==<br />
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<div class="scriptum"><br />
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'''Ludi Apollinares 2763 results and winners :'''<br />
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* Circenses : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 Circenses final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa''', sponsored by ''aaa aaaaa aaaaaa''<br />
<br />
* XXX : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 xxx final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa'''<br />
* XXXX : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 xxxx final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa'''<br />
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</div><br />
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<hr><br />
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==Rituals to Apollo==<br />
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Salvete Omnes!<br />
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To help celebrate this year's (MMDCCLXIII AUC) Ludi Apollinares, a religious multi-media contest is here proposed!<br />
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The goal will be to devise, execute and film a ritual to Apollo.<br />
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Each contestant will be charged with divising the ritual and him/herself taking part in it, but do not feel like it is too daunting of a task! Apollo at Rome was worshiped Ritu Graeco, which despite the name, is essentially Roman ritual. The most marked difference was that the head was not veiled but crowned with a wreath.<br />
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Submissions will consist of:<br />
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* one or more photos (and/or a short video)<br />
* a text of the ritual<br />
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They will be judged by a panel in terms of quality of execution and whether some care was given to historical forms (as best as the cultor can determine in the limited time given). Indeed, in a contest like this, there are no true losers since a sacrifice to the gods is always to the benefit<br />
of Nova Roma! Therefore, we welcome everyone to take part.<br />
<br />
Send submissions to '''waltms1 AT yahoo DOT com'''. If also making a short video, please keep it small (under 10MB).<br />
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'''Deadline:''' Given the short notice, we allow the contestants to make their submissions up to '''four days after the ludi (July 17)'''. The results will be announced about one week later on this page.<br />
<br />
Valete!<br />
<br />
M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus<br />
<br>Quaestor<br />
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[[Category:MMDCCLXIII]]<br />
[[Category:Praetores]]<br />
[[Category:Ludi (Nova Roma)]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Template:Current_Events_ShortlistTemplate:Current Events Shortlist2010-07-12T18:36:59Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Added link to apollo ritual competition</p>
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* [[Ludi_Apollinares_of_the_year_-_2763_(Nova_Roma)#Rituals_to_Apollo|Make a Ritual to Apollo!]]<br />
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{{:Events}}<br />
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[[Category:Content templates]]<br />
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This template provides the current events list for the Main Page.<br />
</noinclude></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Ludi_Apollinares_of_the_year_-_2763_(Nova_Roma)Ludi Apollinares of the year - 2763 (Nova Roma)2010-07-12T18:28:50Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Added apollo ritual contest</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Praetores}}<br />
{{LanguageBar | Praetor (Nova Roma)}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Ludi Apollinares 2763 auc / 2010 c.c.==<br />
<br />
<br />
During the Second Punic War in 542 auc (212 BC), the '''Ludi Apollinares''' ("Apollonian Games") were instituted after a prophecy attributed to Marcius.<br />
<br />
Marcius was a famous prophet, whose prophecies had been sent in 541 auc to the then urban praetor, M. Aemilius Lepidus, who transferred the information to his successor, P. Cornelius Sulla. As Marcius had announced the defeat of Cannae, in a first prophecy, Sulla considered that the second known prophecy should be examined very attentively. This second one said:<br />
"''Romans, if you wish to expel the enemy and the ulcer which has come from afar, I advise, that games should be vowed, which may be performed in a cheerful manner annually to Apollo; when the people shall have given a portion of money from the public coffers, that private individuals then contribute, each according to his ability. That the praetor shall preside in the celebration of these games, who holds the supreme administration of justice to the people and commons''. (..)" (''Livy 25, 12'')<br />
<br />
Sulla praetor then required the priests to make any necessary ritual and, the next day, spoke in the Senate about the affair. A senatus consultum "was passed, that the decemviri should inspect the books relating to the celebration of games and sacred rites in honour of Apollo. After they had been consulted, and a report made to the senate, the fathers voted, that “games should be vowed to Apollo and celebrated; and that when the games were concluded, twelve thousand asses should be given to the praetor to defray the expense of sacred ceremonies, and also two victims of the larger sort.” (''Livy 25, 12'')<br />
<br />
Livy adds:<br />
"When the praetor was about to celebrate the games in the Circus Maximus, he issued an order, that during the celebration of the games, the people should pay a contribution, as large as was convenient, for the service of Apollo. [15] This is the origin of the Apollinarian games, which were vowed and celebrated in order to victory.(..)".<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Apollinares Schedule: a.d. VII to III Idus Quintiles (July 9 to 13) ==<br />
<br />
<br><br />
'''DAY I''' ~ {{Jul 9}}{{2010}} (July 9, 2010 cc)<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
<br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo APOLLO]<br />
* [[Opening Ceremony ~ Ludi Apollinares 2763 (Nova Roma)|Opening ceremony]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
'''DAY II''' ~ {{Jul 10}}{{2010}} (July 10, 2010 cc)<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemis DIANA], <br />
* <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
'''DAY III''' ~ {{Jul 11}}{{2010}} (July 11, 2010 cc)<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesclepius AESCULAPIUS], <br />
* [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/NovaRoma-Announce/message/2053 The ritual led by pontifex Cn. Cornelius Lentulus] <br />
* A public prayer for every Nova Roma sick civis.<br>''This prayer concerns every Novaroman who are currently facing a disease or a surgeonry intervention, or will soon. The names that will be brought at the attention of the Praetura will be inserted alphabetically hereafter'': '''Iunia Laeca''' Eq. .<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
'''DAY IV''' ~ {{Jul 12}}{{2010}} (July 12, 2010 cc)<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eos AURORA],<br />
* Circenses : quarter-finals (circus Flaminius) ; consult here the [[Circenses Apollinares chariots list (Nova Roma)| list of subscribed chariots]].<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''DAY V''' ~ {{Jul 13}}{{2010}} (July 13, 2010 cc)<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
<br />
* Honored Diety: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leto LATONA]<br />
* Circenses : semi-finals and finals (circus maximus)<br />
* [[Closing Ceremony ~ Ludi Apollinares 2763 (Nova Roma)|Closing ceremony]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Results==<br />
<br />
<div class="scriptum"><br />
<br />
'''Ludi Apollinares 2763 results and winners :'''<br />
<br />
* Circenses : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 Circenses final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa''', sponsored by ''aaa aaaaa aaaaaa''<br />
<br />
* XXX : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 xxx final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa'''<br />
* XXXX : <br />
** [[Ludi Apollinares 2763 xxxx final results (Nova_Roma) | Final results]]<br />
** Victor: '''aaaaaaaaaa'''<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<hr><br />
<br />
==Rituals to Apollo==<br />
<br />
Salvete Omnes!<br />
<br />
To help celebrate this year's (MMDCCLXIII AUC) Ludi Apollinares, a religious multi-media context is here proposed!<br />
<br />
The goal will be to devise, execute and film a ritual to Apollo.<br />
<br />
Each contestant will be charged with divising the ritual and him/herself taking part in it, but do not feel like it is too daunting of a task! Apollo at Rome was worshiped Ritu Graeco, which despite the name, is essentially Roman ritual. The most marked difference was that the head was not veiled but crowned with a wreath.<br />
<br />
Submissions will consist of:<br />
<br />
* one or more photos (and/or a short video)<br />
* a text of the ritual<br />
<br />
They will be judged by a panel in terms of quality of execution and whether some care was given to historical forms (as best as the cultor can determine in the limited time given). Indeed, in a contest like this, there are no true losers since a sacrifice to the gods is always to the benefit<br />
of Nova Roma! Therefore, we welcome everyone to take part.<br />
<br />
Send submissions to '''waltms1 AT yahoo DOT com'''. If also making a short video, please keep it small (under 10MB).<br />
<br />
'''Deadline:''' Given the short notice, we allow the contestants to make their submissions up to '''four days after the ludi (July 17)'''. The results will be announced about one week later on this page.<br />
<br />
Valete!<br />
<br />
M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus<br />
<br>Quaestor<br />
<br />
[[Category:MMDCCLXIII]]<br />
[[Category:Praetores]]<br />
[[Category:Ludi (Nova Roma)]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Nova_Roman_Xenia_ProjectNova Roman Xenia Project2009-06-23T09:34:13Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Expanding a bit on paragraph 4 to capture the original intent</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Conventus-IV-Theme.gif|right|thumb|190px|Good spirit in a bar, during the IV. Conventus Novae Romae in Rome, Italy. This is what we need more!]]<br />
Xenia (Gk: ξενία, Lat. hospitium) is the Greek concept of hospitality, a generosity and courtesy shown to those who are far from home. It is often translated as "guest-friendship" (or "ritualized friendship") because the rituals of hospitality create and express a reciprocal relationship between guest and host.<br />
<br />
The Greek god Zeus was sometimes referred to as ''Zeus Xenios'', meaning he was god of, among other things, travelers. This created a particular religious obligation to be hospitable to travelers, but guests also had responsibilities beyond reciprocating hospitality.<br />
<br />
[[Image:CIMG8892_230908.jpg|left|thumb|120px|Nova Romans meet]]The '''"Nova Roman Xenia Project"''', as it goes by its current name, is an undertaking born from the experience of many Nova Romans, the world over, who have made each other feel welcome as guests in their homes. In this, they have not only aided their fellow citizens in travel but have facilitated the gathering together of members of this global community whereby real life relationships could develop, and in so doing, foster greater awareness of the foreign cultures from which fellow Nova Romans come, ultimately allowing us to build our ''own'' New Roman culture.<br />
<br />
Those of us who are willing to receive their fellow citizens as guests in their homes, in so doing, provide them with the finest opportunity for fellow Nova Romans to come to know each other in real life, to understand each other's modern cultures, and to aid each other in travel while visiting countries where Romans may or may not have lived but where their cultural legacy can still be felt, an ever-present pulse of the original Roman heart still beating in so many of our modern traditions. By coming together in understanding, we can further bring to light the distant influences of Roman culture that sometimes in the faintest of traces, at other times in bold strokes, have influenced our modern cultures.<br />
<br />
The project is now in its first phase and there is still much to discuss.<br />
<br />
We ask only one thing from you:<br />
<br />
Please share your ideas [[Talk:Nova Roman Xenia Project|'''HERE in this NR WIKI page''']], and if you feel that you are ready to receive your fellow Nova Romans into your house as guests should their travels lead them through your city, please add your name to this table:<br />
<br />
==Participants in the Xenia Project==<br />
{| border=1 width=100% cellpadding=4<br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!NR Provincia<br />
!City<br />
!Country<br />
!How many guests?*<br />
!E-mail<br />
|-<br />
|[[Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (Nova Roma)|Cn. Cornelius Lentulus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Pannonia (Nova Roma)|Pannonia]]<br />
|Szolnok/Budapest<br />
|Hungary<br />
|2-4<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=7694|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Tiberius Galerius Paulinus (Nova Roma)|Ti. Galerius Paulinus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Mediatlantica (Nova Roma)|Mediatlantica]]<br />
|Maryland/Washington DC<br />
|USA<br />
|3-6<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=3443|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Lucia Livia Plauta (Nova Roma)|L. Livia Plauta]]<br />
|[[Provincia Pannonia (Nova Roma)|Pannonia]]<br />
|Budapest<br />
|Hungary<br />
|1-2<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=11097|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus (Nova Roma)|M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Lacus Magni (Nova Roma)|Lacus Magni]]<br />
|Chicago<br />
|USA<br />
|1<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=3743|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
'''*How many guests?''' = the number of guests you are willing to receive in your home.<br />
<br />
'''NOTE''' that this is just the beginning of a potentially great project.<br />
<br />
Further changes in all aspects of this project, including its presentation and design, can be expected soon. ''Vivat Nova Roma!''<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Image:PHTO0185 -800x600-.JPG|center|thumb|590px|The entrance to the ''porticus'' of a reconstructed Roman house. Come inside, dear guests!]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Events for Romans]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Nova_Roman_Xenia_ProjectNova Roman Xenia Project2009-06-23T05:40:48Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Major revision to make English sound more fluent</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Conventus-IV-Theme.gif|right|thumb|190px|Good spirit in a bar, during the IV. Conventus Novae Romae in Rome, Italy. This is what we need more!]]<br />
Xenia (Gk: ξενία, Lat. hospitium) is the Greek concept of hospitality, a generosity and courtesy shown to those who are far from home. It is often translated as "guest-friendship" (or "ritualized friendship") because the rituals of hospitality create and express a reciprocal relationship between guest and host.<br />
<br />
The Greek god Zeus was sometimes referred to as ''Zeus Xenios'', meaning he was god of, among other things, travelers. This created a particular religious obligation to be hospitable to travelers, but guests also had responsibilities beyond reciprocating hospitality.<br />
<br />
[[Image:CIMG8892_230908.jpg|left|thumb|120px|Nova Romans meet]]The '''"Nova Roman Xenia Project"''', as it goes by its current name, is an undertaking born from the experience of many Nova Romans, the world over, who have made each other feel welcome as guests in their homes. In this, they have not only aided their fellow citizens in travel but have facilitated the gathering together of members of this global community whereby real life relationships could develop, and in so doing, foster greater awareness of the foreign cultures from which fellow Nova Romans come, ultimately allowing us to build our ''own'' New Roman culture.<br />
<br />
Those of us who are willing to receive their fellow citizens as guests in their homes, in so doing, provide them with the finest opportunity for fellow Nova Romans to come to know each other in real life, to understand each other's modern cultures, and to aid each other in travel while visiting countries where Romans may or may not have lived but where their cultural legacy can still be felt.<br />
<br />
The project is now in its first phase and there is still much to discuss.<br />
<br />
We ask only one thing from you:<br />
<br />
Please share your ideas [[Talk:Nova Roman Xenia Project|'''HERE in this NR WIKI page''']], and if you feel that you are ready to receive your fellow Nova Romans into your house as guests should their travels lead them through your city, please add your name to this table:<br />
<br />
==Participants in the Xenia Project==<br />
{| border=1 width=100% cellpadding=4<br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!NR Provincia<br />
!City<br />
!Country<br />
!How many guests?*<br />
!E-mail<br />
|-<br />
|[[Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (Nova Roma)|Cn. Cornelius Lentulus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Pannonia (Nova Roma)|Pannonia]]<br />
|Szolnok/Budapest<br />
|Hungary<br />
|2-4<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=7694|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Tiberius Galerius Paulinus (Nova Roma)|Ti. Galerius Paulinus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Mediatlantica (Nova Roma)|Mediatlantica]]<br />
|Maryland/Washington DC<br />
|USA<br />
|3-6<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=3443|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Lucia Livia Plauta (Nova Roma)|L. Livia Plauta]]<br />
|[[Provincia Pannonia (Nova Roma)|Pannonia]]<br />
|Budapest<br />
|Hungary<br />
|1-2<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=11097|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus (Nova Roma)|M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus]]<br />
|[[Provincia Lacus Magni (Nova Roma)|Lacus Magni]]<br />
|Chicago<br />
|USA<br />
|1<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=3743|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|{{AlbumciviumMail|id=WRITE-ID-NUMBER-HERE|name=Send mail}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Your Name (Nova Roma)|Your Name]]<br />
|[[Provincia Name (Nova Roma)|Provincia Name]]<br />
|<br />
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'''*How many guests?''' = the number of guests you are willing to receive in your home.<br />
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'''NOTE''' that this is just the beginning of a potentially great project.<br />
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Further changes in all aspects of this project, including its presentation and design, can be expected soon. ''Vivat Nova Roma!''<br />
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[[Image:PHTO0185 -800x600-.JPG|center|thumb|590px|The entrance to the ''porticus'' of a reconstructed Roman house. Come inside, dear guests!]]<br />
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[[Category:Events for Romans]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/File:CIV-Marcus_Cornelius_Gualterus_Graecus.jpgFile:CIV-Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus.jpg2009-04-16T07:04:03Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Category:Citizen photos</p>
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<div>[[Category:Citizen photos]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_HymnsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/PGM Hymns2009-04-11T19:51:30Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding hymn 17</p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
The texts of the hymns differ slightly from what Preisendanz presents in the main body of the PGM editions, likely corrections for meter, style, and so on. Some of his modifications are more justifiable than others, so both the original PGM text as well as the modified version has been presented for each hymn. Highlighting in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the original text indicates what Heitsch retained in his reconstruction. Highlighting in <span style="color:green">'''green'''</span> points out minor tweaks he made. The English translations under the "Original" column are directly from Betz. Those on the "Reconstructed" column are Betz translations with some modifications, where necessary, to conform the English with the reconstruction. Any questions about differences in the English texts should be settled by appeal to the Greek.<br />
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==Hymn One (XII 244-252)==<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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|τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ <span style="color:green">'''φύεθ' ἅπαντα'''</span>,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ. ||τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ φύεται πάντα,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ.<br />
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|Only one small stylistic difference, at the beginning<br>of line 251, φύεται πάντα was modified to φύεθ' <br>ἅπαντα, not changing the meaning.||Who molded the forms of the beasts [of the Zodiac]? Who found [their] routes.<br>Who was the begetter of fruits? Who raises up the mountains?<br>Who commanded the winds to hold to their annual tasks?<br>What Aion nourishing an Aion rules the Aions?<br>One deathless god. You are the begetter of all<br>and assign souls to all and control all,<br>king of the Aions and lord, [before] whom<br>mountains and plains together tremble, springs and streams of rivers<br>and valleys of earth and spirits, and [all things] that are.<br>High shining heaven trembles before you, and every sea,<br>lord, ruler of all, holy one, and master of all.<br>By your power the elements exist and all things come into being,<br>the route of sun and moon, or night and dawn&mdash;<br>all things in air and earth and water and the breath of fire.<br />
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==Hymn Two (III 550-558)==<br />
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|Δεῦρο <σύ>, παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε <παντός>,<br>Πάν, ὁ διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον {τῷ σεαυτοῦ} πνεύματι θε<ί>ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου, Μελιοῦχε<br>ὕδατος <ἐκ> βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ <τε καὶ> ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<ν><br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδὴ<ς> τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίοι, ἐῴοι, περιδινοπλανῆται·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς <σοι> δορ<υ>φοροῦσιν ἅπαντα.||<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό</span> μοι ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου περιστροφῇ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,<br><span style="color:blue">παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε παντός,<br>διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον τῷ σεαυτοῦ πνεύματι θε[ί]ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου,</span> φὺς εὐμεθόδως,<br><span style="color:blue">ὕδατος βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ, ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδῆ τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίου<ς> ἐῴου<ς>, περιδινοπλανήτα[ς]·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς δορυφοροῦσιν ἅπαντα</span>.<br />
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|Come thou, founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br> [the] All, who divides by your own divine spirit the universe;<br>first from the first born, Μελιοῦχε,<br>from water that's turbulent, who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water in addition to air, and in turn Ether<br> and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.||Come to me in your holy circuit of the holy spirit,<br>founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br>who have divided by your own divine spirit<br>first from the first born you appeared, created carefully,<br> from water that's turbulent,<br>who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water, air and in turn Ether<br>and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.<br />
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==Hymn Three (IV 939-948)==<br />
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|χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·<br>ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·</span><br>ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·<br><span style="color:blue">ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.</span><br />
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|Only the voces magicae have been removed, probably<br>unjustifiably considering the context.||Hail, serpent, and stout lion, natural Sources of fire<br>And hail, clear water and Lofty-leafed tree,<br>and you who gather up clover from golden fields of beans,<br>and who cause gentle foam to gush forth from pure mouths.<br>Scarab, who drive the orb of fertile fire, O self-generated one,<br>because you are two-syllabled, '''ΑE''', and are the first-appearing one,<br>nod me assent, I pray, because your mystic symbols of delcare,<br>'''ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·'''<br>Be gracious unto me, first-father, and may you yourself send strength<br> as my companion.<br />
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==Hymn Four==<br />
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This hymn was reconstructed by Preisendanz in such a wild and daring way that it is difficult to take it seriously. For this reason it is not included in this list, but if anyone really wants to see it, contact [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] and it will be added. To give one a sense of how daring a reconstruction it is, below are the components (from different papyri, no less!) he used to put it together,<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
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|PGM IV 436-61<br>PGM IV 1957-89<br>PGM VIII 74-81<br>PGM I 315-25,41/42||= A 1-25<br>= B 1-24<br>= C 1-8<br>= D 11-13||(A), without 18-19, 21; (B) without 26-27; (C) without 7-10, 12, 14-27;<br>(D) without 1-6, 9-11, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27<br />
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==Hymn Five (III 198-229)==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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|ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ <span style="color:green">'''νάματ' αν[αύρω]ν'''</span>,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br><span style="color:green">'''ὦ'''</span> βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος <span style="color:green">'''ἔ[λθιος]'''</span><br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br><span style="color:green">'''ἵλαθι, δεσ]πο[τ' ἔχων] ε̣πι̣σ̣[οὶ φλόγ]ι̣νον̣ πυρό̣σ [ἀτμόν],'''</span><br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας.<br>κλῄζω, <span style="color:green">'''πρῶτο[ν τ]ὸν'''</span> Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, <span style="color:green">'''μέγιστε <καὶ>'''</span> αἰθέριε, κλῄζω {ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου} <σε> Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα <span style="color:green">'''βι̣[ου]ς̣ιδίω̣<ν>, Δι[ὸς]'''</span> ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν <span style="color:green">'''ἀέξαντα'''</span> καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν <span style="color:green">'''κόσμον μόνος'''</span> ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον <span style="color:green">'''<τὸν>'''</span> κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br><span style="color:green">'''(?)τῆ̣[ς] νυκτὸς <κ>αιροὺς ἰδέ̣ ἠοῦς'''</span> ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...<span style="color:green">'''ρων ἐπιθύματα̣ δά[φ]νης'''</span>,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα <span style="color:green">'''λύγ[ρόν,]'''</span><br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι <span style="color:green">'''...'''</span> κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος <span style="color:green">'''σιγᾷ [καὶ στ]έλλεται'''</span>, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]||ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ νάματα ν[ασμῶ]ν,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br>Σημέα βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος ἔ[σσο,]<br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br>........πο.....ε̣πι̣σ̣......ι̣νον̣ πυρε̣σ[ίθυμε],<br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας, [σὲ]<br>κλῄζω, πύριν[ο]ν Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, αἰθέριε, κλῄζω ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα βι̣.οσ̣ιδιω̣ αιρ̣... ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν δείξαντα καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν μοῦνος κόσμον ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br>το[ῖς] νυκτός <σ’> α[ἴ]ρουσι δι’ ἠ<χ>οῦς ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...[χαί]ρων ἐπίθυμα τὸ δά[φ]νου,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα λύτ[ειραν,]<br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι θεοὶ κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος σιγᾶ[ν ἐπιτ]έλλεται, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]<br />
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|||Keep silent, everyone, the voice that's in your mouths<br>O circling birds of air, keep quiet;<br>Cease frolicking, you dolphins, o'er the brine.<br>Stand for me, river streams and fountain [flows].<br>Now, birds of augery, stop everything beneath the sky.<br>May you in awe keep silence,<br>daimons 'mid the shades.<br>The world itself's astonished by the secret words.<br>King Semea, [father] of the world, be gracious to me,<br> O scarab, [I call you] immortal, golden-haired god,<br>O Scarab, marvel great to ev'ry god and man, <br>[be gracious, lord, who hold the fiery vapor in your power],<br>Lord of the [sunrise], risen fiery, Titan, I call [you],<br>flaming messenger of Zues, divine IAO<ref>i.e. Yahweh</ref>;<br>and you, too, who rule in heaven's realm, O Rafael,<br>who joy in sunrise, be a gracious god, O Abrasax;<br>and you, O greatest one, O heav'nly one, I call, and [you Michael], your helper,<br>who saves [his people's lives], the perfect eye of Zues,<br>and who has exalted nature and brought forth nature in its turn from nature.<br>And I call ... of the immortals ...<br>'''ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης'''<br>All-mighty is the god, but you are the greatest, immortal one;<br> I beg you, shine forth now, Lord of the world, Sabaoth,<br>who veil sunset from dawn, Adonai,<br>who, being a world, alone among immortals tour the world,<br>self-taught, untutored, through the world's midst traveling<br>to those who with a cry raise you at night. '''ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...''' who joy in laurel offering,<br>in gates of untamed Styx and Death the Arbiter,<br>You I adjure, god's seal, at whom all Olympos'<ref>Minor word order change to conform to the Greek lines</ref><br> deathless gods quake and daimons who stand forth preeminent,<br>for whom the sea is ordered to be silent when it hears.<br />
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==Hymn Six (IV 179-201)==<br />
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|Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,<br>γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, <span style="color:green">'''λαιλαφέτη'''</span>,<br><span style="color:green">'''νυκταστρ<ῆ>τα'''</span>, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, <span style="color:green">'''τειχοσεισμοποι<ησ>έ'''</span>,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,<br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν<br>δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός <span style="color:green">'''δέ'''</span> μοι ταύτην χάριν,<br>ἵν’ ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν <br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών.||<span style="color:blue">Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,</span><br>αβεραμενθωου (λόγος),<br><span style="color:blue">γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, λαιλαπετέ,<br>νυκταστράπτα, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, τειχοσεισμοποιέ,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,</span><br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br><span style="color:blue">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν</span><br>αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα.<br><span style="color:blue">δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός τε μοι ταύτην</span> τὴν <span style="color:blue">χάριν,<br>ἵν’, ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν,<br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών,</span> ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br><br />
εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.<br />
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|Mostly voces magicae excluded. The minor<br>tweaks in the reconstruction do not change<br>the meaning.||O mighty Typhon, ruler of the realm<br>above and master, god of gods, O lord<br>'''αβεραμενθωου''' (formula)<br>O dark's disturber, thunder's bringer, whirlwind,<br>night-flasher, breather-forth of hot and cold,<br>Shaker of rocks, wall-trembler, boiler of<br>the waves, disturber of the sea's great depth,<br>'''Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι,'''<br>I'm he who searched with you the whole world and<br>found great Osiris, whom I brought you chained.<br>I'm he who joined you in war with the gods<br>I'm he who closed heav'n's double gates and put<br>to sleep the serpent which must not been seen,<br>who stopped the seas, the streams, the river currents,<br>where'er you rule this realm. And as your soldier<br>I have been conquered by the gods, I have<br>been thrown face down because of empty wrath.<br>Raise up your friend, I beg you, I implore;<br>Throw me not on the ground, O lord of gods,<br>'''αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα''',<br>O grant me power, I beg, and give to me<br>this favor, so that, whensoe'r I tell<br>one of the gods to come, he is seen coming<br>swiftly to me in answer to my chants, '''ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br>εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.'''<br />
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==Hymn Seven (IV 261-273)==<br />
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|σὲ <span style="color:green">'''καλ<έ>ω'''</span>, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν <span style="color:green">'''οργιλον'''</span> διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω <span style="color:green">'''μέσον<εύ>οντ΄ {ων}'''</span> ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ <span style="color:green">'''<καλέω>'''</span> τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''<παμ>φοβερὸν'''</span> καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, <span style="color:green">'''<τε> κάτω <τε>'''</span> πάγους <span style="color:green">'''σκοτ<εε>ινοῦ'''</span>,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''ἐπεὐκταίων'''</span> Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br><span style="color:green">'''κεὐθὺς'''</span> ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι||<span style="color:blue">σὲ καλῶ, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν ὅπλον διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω μέσον τῶν ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν φοβερὸν καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, κάτω δὲ πάγους σκοτεινοῦ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ εὐκταίων Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br>καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι</span><br>(κοινά), ὅτι σὲ ἐξορκίζω γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·<br>Τυφῶν μέγιστε, ἄκουσόν μου, τοῦ δεῖνα, καὶ ποίησόν<br>μοι τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα· λέγω γάρ σου τὰ ἀληθινὰ ὀνόματα·<br>Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ· εἰσά-<br>κουσόν μου καὶ ποίησον τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα.<br />
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|I call you who did first control gods' wrath,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're clearly irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you, who hold sovereignty over the longed-for Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br>and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.||I call you who did first control gods' weapon,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're obscured<ref>Emended to ἄδηλον. See Betz 43, n. 62</ref>and irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you who, invoked by prayer,<ref>The Betz translation apparently emends to εὐκταίoν ἐπ’. See Betz 43, n. 63. The translation on this page has slightly changed the word order of the Betz version.</ref>hold sovereignty over the Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<ref>Punctuation changed to make more sense.</ref><br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br> and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.<br>(add the usual),<br>because I adjure you, '''γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·'''<br>Mighty Typhon, hear me, NN, and perform<br>for me the NN task· For I speak your true names·<br>'''Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ·''' listen<br>to me and perform the NN deeds.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Eight (I 296)==<br />
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|Ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, ἐλθὲ σὺν Παιήονι||O Lord Apollo, come with Paian!<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Nine (II 2-7)==<br />
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|Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.<br>εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐνθάδε δάφνης<br>[σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά·<br>καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύσειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ.||<span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο<br>νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.</span> αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα. λέγε τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ<br>αὐτὸ ἓν ὑφαιρῶν πτερυγοειδῶς. <span style="color:blue">εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐν-<br>θάδε δάφνης [σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά· καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύ-<br>σειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ·</span> λαητωνιον καὶ ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω, ἄναξ Ἄ-<br>πολλον Παιάν, [ὁ] τὴν νύκτα ταύτην κατέχων καὶ ταύτης δεσποτεύων, ὁ τὴν ὥ-<br>ραν τῆς εὐχῆς κ[α]ὐτῆς κρατῶν. ἄγετε, κραταιοὶ δαίμονες, συνεργήσατέ μοι σή-<br>μερον ἐπ’ ἀλ[η]θείας φθενγόμενοι σὺν τῷ τῆς Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱῷ.<br />
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|O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither.<br>Foretell, give prophecies amid night's hour.<br>If e'er with vict'ry-loving laurel branch here<br>from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen,<br>so may you now speed your way to me with truthful oracles.||"O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither. Foretell, give prophecies<br>amid night's hour: '''αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα'''" (Speak this name too,<br>leaving odd one letter in succession, so as to make a wing formation) "If e'er with<br><div style="margin-left: 5%"><br />
vict'ry-loving laurel branch</div>here from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen, so may you now<br>speed your way to me with truthful oracles, '''λαητωνιον''' and '''ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω''', lord<br> Apollo Paian, who control this night, who are master of it, who<br>hold the hour of prayer too. Come, mighty daimons, help me today<br>by truly speaking with the son of Leto and Zeus."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Ten (VI 22-38)==<br />
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|<span style="color:green">'''<Ἐλθέ, μάκαρ Παιάν> πανυπέρτατ’'''</span>, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον],<br><span style="color:green">'''<δεῦρ΄, ἐλθών μοι, χρυσοκό>μα'''</span> ϊεω επι Παιάν,<br><span style="color:green">'''αὐτός ἄναξ μολπῆς, μόλε μοι]'''</span>, πολυώνυμε <span style="color:green">'''Φοῖβε'''</span>,<br>Φοῖβε, [μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’<br>κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγεν <span style="color:green">'''βαρφαραγ<γ>ης'''</span><br><span style="color:green">'''αρβεθω, πολύμορφε'''</span>, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>‘Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.||<span style="color:blue">[—π]ανυπέρτατ’, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον]<br>.ω......... .μα ϊεω επι Παιάν<br>.ϊοευηϊη......η, πολυώνυμε,</span><br>ϊοαυ[.ακρακ]αναρβα, <span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε,<br>[μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’</span><br>εἶτα λέγε μελετῶν [τοῦ]το· ‘εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.’ εἶτα πρὸς κατά[δυσ]ιν ἡλίου ἐξαιτοῦ πάλιν·<br><span style="color:blue">‘κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις’,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης<br>καὶ αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.</span><br />
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|Come blessed Paian,] most supreme, [help] me;<br>come hither to me, golden-tressed] '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>the very lord of song, come thou to me,] O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour.<br>Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγεν βαρφαραγ<γ>ης,<br>αρβεθω, πολύμορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer.||"...most supreme, [help] me;<br>... '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>... O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour."<br>Then speak, declaiming this: '''εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.'''<br>Then at sunset make your request again:<br>"Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης,<br>αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Thirteen (VI 6-20)==<br />
<br />
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|<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἧς ποτε γευσάμενς'''</span> Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἀρτιτόμοις ἱερὰν'''</span>] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρυσείαις καὶ'''</span> σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Παρνησσοῦ'''</span> ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς πᾶσιν ἔδωκε θ]εοῖς'''</span>, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''σοι γὰρ ἐρασσάμενος μεγα]λόστονος'''</span> αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''μαντοσύνας ἐρεεῖν πόρε νύμφ]ῃ'''</span> παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δεῦρο τάχος μοι λισσο]μένῳ'''</span> ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''</span> δάφνης <span style="color:green">'''τὸν'''</span> θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς θεσπεσίους'''</span> π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''φῆνον πάντα λόγοις]ι̣'''</span> σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ὅπποτε τοῦτ' ἔσται]'''</span> τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δός μοι μαντοσύνην],'''</span> ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Δαμνώ, δεῦρο ἰὼ'''</span> δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα <span style="color:green">'''μ̣[όλει, <span style="color:green">βιάσ]ανδρα'''</span><br><br />
||<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[—Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[—] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[—σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[—ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[—] ἑοῖς, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[—]λόστονος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[—]η παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[—ἱε]μένῳ ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[—δάφνης θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[—π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[—α̣]ι̣ σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[—]ν̣ τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[—] ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[—δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα μ̣.......ανδρα<br><br />
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|<br><br />
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|[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
which] Phoebus [tasted once] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[freshly-cut] his [holy] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[and golden]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of Mount Parnassis], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[and gave to all] the gods [responses] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[For in the throws of grievous love], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[gave you, a nymph], dread virgin, power [to utter presages.<br><br />
Come quickly hither to me beseeching you] in holy measures<br><br />
[and] in my hands holding [a laurel leaf].<br><br />
Send me [divine responses] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [words], O priestess, [reveal all things]:<br><br />
both [when this will occur] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[Give me a presage,] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
Subduer, hither come! Lo you,] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [force!]<br />
||[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
.....] Phoebus [...........] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[...........] his [....] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[..........]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of ...............], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[...............] to his own [.........] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[..................................], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[................], dread virgin, power [.................<br><br />
........................................] in holy measures<br><br />
[...] in my hands holding [........ leaf].<br><br />
Send me [................] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [.....], O priestess, [.................]:<br><br />
both [....................] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[..................] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
.............................] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [......]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Fourteen (VI 40-47)==<br />
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|δάφνη, μαντο[σ]ύνης ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
Δάφνη παρθε[νι]κή, Δάφνη, Φοίβοιο ἑταίρη,<br><br />
δεῦρό μοι, ἔρχε[ο θ]ᾷσσον, ἔπειγέ μοι ἀείσασθαι<br><br />
θεσμοὺς θεσπ[εσί]ους,[<span style="color:green">'''καθαρὰς φήμας τ΄ ἀναφαίνειν,'''</span><br> <br />
νυκτὶ δ’ ἐνὶ δνοφερῇ [<span style="color:green">'''φέρε μοι θεσπίσματ΄ ἀληθῆ.'''</span><br><br />
||<span style="color:blue">δάφνη, μαντο[σ]ύνης ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
Δάφνη παρθε[νι]κή, Δάφνη, Φοίβοιο ἑταίρη,</span> Σαβαώθ, ϊαωαωο<br><br />
ϊαγχωθιπυλα μ̣ουσιάρχα οτονυπον,<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό μοι, ἔρχε[ο θ]ᾷσσον, ἔπειγέ μοι ἀείσασθαι<br><br />
θεσμοὺς θεσπ[εσί]ους, νυκτὶ δ’ ἐνὶ δνοφερῇ</span><br><br />
ρησαβααν· ααν...ανα· αανανααναναλααα· ααα· ααα.<br><br />
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|<br><br />
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|Laurel, Apollo's holy plant of presage,<br><br />
O virgin Laurel, Laurel, Phoibos' mistress,<br><br />
hither to me come quickly; haste to sing<br><br />
divine precepts to me [and to proclaim pure words<br><br />
and in dark night [bring me true sayings]<br><br />
||Laurel, Apollo's holy plant of presage,<br><br />
O virgin Laurel, Laurel, Phoibos' mistress, '''Σαβαώθ, ϊαωαωο'''<br><br />
'''ϊαγχωθιπυλα μ̣ουσιάρχα οτονυπον,'''<br><br />
hither to me come quickly; haste to sing<br><br />
divine precepts to me, and in dark night.<br><br />
'''ρησαβααν· ααν...ανα· αανανααναναλααα· ααα· ααα.'''<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Seventeen (IV 2242-2347)==<br />
<br />
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|χαῖρε, ἱερὸν φῶς, ταρταροῦχε, φωτοπλήξ,<br><br />
χαῖρε, ἱερὰ αὐγὴ ἐκ σκότους εἰλημμένη,<br><br />
ἀναστατοῦσα πάντα βουλαῖς ἀστόχοις·<br><br />
καλέσω, καὶ ἀκούσῃ μου τῶν ἱερῶν λόγων<br><br />
φρικτῆς Ἀνάγκης <span style="color:green">'''σοι πάντοθ`'''</span> ὑπεστρωμένης.<br><br />
δεθεῖσα τρὶς λύθητι, ἐλθέ, βρίμασον<br><br />
τὸν δεῖνα· Κλωθὼ γὰρ ἐπικλώσει σοι λίνα.<br><br />
νεῦσον, μάκαιρα, πρὶν στυγνήν σε καταλάβω,<br><br />
πρὶν τοὺς ξιφήρεις ἀναλάβῃς σου κονδύλους,<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''πρὶν ἠδὲ'''</span> λυσσῇς, ἰσοπάρθενος κύων.<br><br />
τὸ δεῖνα ποιήσεις, κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς,<br><br />
ὅτι οἶδά σου τὰ φῶτα πρὸ<ς> στιγμῆς μέτρον<br><br />
καὶ τῶν καλῶν σου μυσταγωγὸς πραγμάτων<br><br />
ὑπουρ<γός> εἰμι καὶ συνίστωρ, παρθένε.<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''ὃ'''</span> δεῖ γενέσθαι, τοῦτ’ οὐκ ἔξεστι φυγεῖν.<br><br />
τὸ δεῖνα ποι<ή>σεις, κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς.<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι τήνδε νύκτα κυρίαν,<br><br />
ἐν ᾗ τὸ σὸν φῶς ὕστατον χωρίζεται,<br><br />
ἐν ᾗ κύων κέχηνε <span style="color:green">'''κοὐ'''</span> κλείει στόμα,<br><br />
ἐν ᾗ τὸ κλεῖθρον ἠνέῳγε Ταρτάρου,<br><br />
ἐν ᾗ προλυσσᾷ Κέρβερος κεραύνοπλος·<br><br />
ἔγειρε σεαυτὴν, ἡλιωτίδος τροφοῦ<br><br />
χρῄζουσα Μήνη, νερτέρων ἐπίσκοπε,<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι, <span style="color:green">'''†Ξενη δ’ Αυγη'''</span>, παρθένε,<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι, δαιδάλη <span style="color:green">'''καὶ π<ε>ιθόη'''</span>,<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''ὁλκῖτι λοφαίη φασγάνων, θυμάντρια'''</span>,<br><br />
παιωνία, <span style="color:green">'''προθμηεισδαυγη'''</span>, πολυκλείτη,<br><br />
νύσσα, ποδάρκη, ἀλκίμη, πορφυρέη,<br><br />
σκοτείη, Βριμώ, ἄμβροτε, ἐπήκοε,<br><br />
Περσία, νομαῖε, Ἀλκυόνη, χρυσοστεφή,<br><br />
πρέσβειρα, φαεννώ, πελαγίη, <span style="color:green">'''εἰδωνη'''</span>,<br><br />
ἰνδαλίμη, δείχτειρα,βαριδοῦχε, εὔστοχε,<br><br />
αὐτοφυής, μιτρίη, ἀνδρείη, στρατηλατί,<br><br />
Δωδωνίη, Ἰδαῖα, νεοπενθής, λυκώ,<br><br />
στηλῖτι, οὐλοή, ἀκρίη, χαροπή, ὀξυβόη,<br><br />
Θασία, Μήνη, πύματ’, ἠγκαλισμένη<br><br />
ἀκτῖνας, ἡ σώτειρα, <span style="color:green">'''παγγαίη, κυων'''</span>,<br><br />
Κλωθαίη, πανδώτειρα, δολίχη, κυδίμη,<br><br />
ἄνασσα, ἀρηγέ, ἀγλαή, εὐρύστοχε,<br><br />
αἰζηίη, ἁγία, ἡμέρη, ἀφθίτη,<br><br />
λιγεῖα, λιπαροπλόκαμε, θαλία, <span style="color:green">'''ζαθεη'''</span>,<br><br />
χρυσῶπι, τερψίμβροτε, Μινῴα, λοχιάς,<br><br />
Θηβαία, τλητή, δολόεσσα, ἀτασθάλη,<br><br />
ἀκτινοχαῖτι, ἰοχέαιρα, παρθένε·<br><br />
δόλου <span style="color:green">'''γέμουσα καὶ φόβου σωτηρίη'''</span><br><br />
ἦ σ’ οἶδα, πάντων ὡς μάγων ἀρχηγέτης,<br><br />
Ἑρμῆς ὁ πρέσβυς, Ἴσιδος πατὴρ ἐγώ.<br><br />
ἄκουσον, '''ηω Φορβα Βριμω Σαχμι·'''<br><br />
'''νεβουτο σουαληθ'''· τοῦτο γάρ σου σύμβολον,<br><br />
τὸ σάνδαλόν σου ἔκρυψα καὶ κλεῖδα κρατῶ,<br><br />
ἤνοιξα ταρταρούχου κλεῖθρα <span style="color:green">'''ταρταρου'''</span> Κερβέρου<br><br />
καὶ νύκτα τὴν ἄωρον παρέδωκα σκότει.<br><br />
ῥόμβον στρέφω σοι, κυμβάλων οὐχ ἅπτομαι.<br><br />
ἄθρησον εἴς σε, Νειλωίτι, δος χάριν,<br><br />
κάτοπτρον ἢν ἰδοῦσα σαυτὴν θαυμάσεις,<br><br />
πρὶν ἢ μέλαν φῶς ἐκπτύσῃς ἀπ’ ὀμμάτων.<br><br />
ὃ δεῖ σε ποιῆσαι, τοῦτο δεῖ σε μὴ φυγεῖν,<br><br />
τὸ δεῖ μοι ποιήσεις, κἂν θέλῃς, κἂν μὴ θέλῃς·<br><br />
ἵππος, κόρη, δράκαινα, λαμπάς, ἀστραπή,<br><br />
ἀστήρ, λέων, λύκαινα, αηω· ηη,<br><br />
σκεῦος παλαιόν, κόσκινόν μου σύμβολον,<br><br />
καὶ ψωμὸς εἷς, κόραλλος, αἷμα τρυγόνος,<br><br />
ὄνυξ καμήλου καὶ βοὸς θρὶξ παρθένου,<br><br />
Πανὸς γόνος, πῦρ ἡλιωτίδος βολῆς,<br><br />
χαμαίλυκον, νήθουσα, παιδέρως, ἄρις,<br><br />
γλαυκῆς γυναικὸς σῶμα διεσκελισμένον,<br><br />
σφιγγὸς μελαίνης ἡ φύσις τορουμένη,<br><br />
ἅπαντα ταῦτα σύμβολόν μου πνεύματος.<br><br />
ὅλης ἀνάγκης δεσμὰ <span style="color:green">'''συρραγήσεται'''</span>,<br><br />
καὶ κρύψει σὸν φῶς Ἥλιος πρὸς τὸν νότον,<br><br />
Τηθύς τε τὴν σὴν κουφίσει οἰκουμένην,<br><br />
Αἰὼν κραδαίνει, <span style="color:green">'''κινηθήσετ`'''</span> οὐρανός,<br><br />
Κρόνος φοβηθεὶς τὸν βεβιασμένον σου νοῦν<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''πέφευγ`'''</span> εἰς Ἅιδην, νερτέρων ἐπίσκοπος,<br><br />
Μοῖραί σου τὸν ἀνέκλειπτον <span style="color:green">'''ῥίπτουσι<ν>'''</span> μίτον,<br><br />
ἂν μὴ μαγείης τῆς ἐμῆς ἀναγκάσῃς<br><br />
βέλος πετηνὸν ταχύτατον τέλος δραμεῖν.<br><br />
οὐ γὰρ φυγεῖν ἔξεστι μοῖράν μου λόγων,<br><br />
ὃ δεῖ <span style="color:green">'''{σε}'''</span> γενέσθαι· μὴ †σ ατὴν ἀναγκάσῃς<br><br />
ἄνωθεν εἰς <span style="color:green">'''†ἄνωθεν'''</span> ἀκούειν συμβόλων.<br><br />
τὸ <span style="color:green">'''δεῖνα'''</span>, ποιήσεις, κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς·<br><br />
ἀχρείου φωτὸς πρίν σε μοῖρα καταλάβῃ,<br><br />
ποίησον, ὃ λέγω, ταρταροῦχε παρθένε.<br><br />
ἔδησα δεσμοῖς τοῖς Κρόνου τὸν σὸν πόλον<br><br />
καὶ <span style="color:green">'''σφιγγανάγκῃ'''</span> ἀντίχειρά σου κρατῶ.<br><br />
οὐ γίνεται αὔριον, εἰ μὴ γένηται, ὃ βούλομαι.<br><br />
ἔνευσας Ἑρμῇ, τῷ θεῶν ἀρχηγέτῃ,<br><br />
εἰς τήνδε τὴν πρᾶξιν συμβαλεῖν· <span style="color:green">'''ἦ μὴν σ’ ἔχω'''</span>.<br><br />
ἄκουσον, ἡ θεωροῦσα καὶ θεωρουμένη·<br><br />
βλέπω σε, καὶ βλέπεις με, εἶτα κἀγώ σοι<br><br />
σημεῖον ἐρῶ· χάλκεον τὸ σάνδαλον<br><br />
τῆς ταρταρούχου, στέμμα, κλείς, κηρύκιον,<br><br />
ῥόμβος σιδηροῦς καὶ κύων κυάνεος,<br><br />
κλεῖθρον τρίχωρον, ἐσχάρα πυρουμένη,<br><br />
σκότος, βυθός, φλόξ tαρτάρου σημάντρια<br><br />
φοβοῦσα <span style="color:green">'''Ἐριννῦς'''</span>, δαίμονας τεραστίους·<br><br />
εἰσῆλθας; ἥκεις; ὀργίσθητι, παρθένε,<br><br />
τῷ δεῖνα, ἐχθρῷ τῶν ἐν οὐρανῷ θεῶν,<br><br />
Ἡλίου Ὀσίριδος καὶ συνεύνου Ἴσιδος.<br><br />
οἷον λέγω σοι, <span style="color:green">'''εἴσβαλ’'''</span> εἰς τοῦτον κακόν,<br><br />
ὅτι οἶδα σὰ τὰ καλὰ καὶ μεγάλα, Κόρη,<br><br />
ὀνόματα σεμνά, οἷς <span style="color:green">'''φωτίζετ’'''</span> οὐρανὸς<br><br />
καὶ γαῖα πίνει τὴν δρόσον καὶ κυοφορ<εῖ>,<br><br />
ἐξ ὧν ὁ κόσμος αὔξεται <span style="color:green">'''{τε}'''</span> καὶ λείπεται.<br><br />
||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, ἱερὸν φῶς, ταρταροῦχε, φωτο-<br><br />
πλήξ, χαῖρε, ἱερὰ αὐγὴ ἐκ σκότους εἰλημ-<br><br />
μένη, ἀναστατοῦσα πάντα βουλαῖς ἀστόχοις·<br><br />
καλέσω, καὶ ἀκούσῃ μου τῶν ἱερῶν λόγων<br><br />
φρικτῆς Ἀνάγκης πάντοτέ σοι ὑπεστρωμένης.<br><br />
δεθεῖσα τρὶς λύθητι, ἐλθέ, βρίμασον τὸν δεῖνα·<br><br />
Κλωθὼ γὰρ ἐπικλώσει σοι λίνα. νεῦσον, μάκαιρα,<br><br />
πρὶν στυγνήν σε καταλάβω, πρὶν τοὺς ξιφή-<br><br />
ρεις ἀναλάβῃς σου κονδύλους, πρινή τε<br><br />
λυσσῇς, ἰσοπάρθενος κύων. τὸ δεῖνα ποιήσεις,<br><br />
κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς, ὅτι οἶδά σου τὰ<br><br />
φῶτα πρὸ<ς> στιγμῆς μέτρον καὶ τῶν κα-<br><br />
λῶν σου μυσταγωγὸς πραγμάτων ὑπο-<br><br />
υρ<γός> εἰμι καὶ συνίστωρ, παρθένε. τὸ δεῖ<br><br />
γενέσθαι, τοῦτ’ οὐκ ἔξεστι φυγεῖν. τὸ δεῖν-<br><br />
α ποι<ή>σεις, κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς.<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι τήνδε νύκτα κυρίαν,<br><br />
ἐν ᾗ τὸ σὸν φῶς ὕστατον χωρίζεται, ἐν ᾗ<br><br />
κύων κέχηνε καὶ οὐ κλείει στόμα, ἐν ᾗ<br><br />
τὸ κλεῖθρον ἠνέῳγε Ταρτάρου, ἐν ᾗ<br><br />
προλυσσᾷ Κέρβερος κεραύνοπλος·<br><br />
ἔγειρε σεαυτὴν, ἡλιωτίδος τροφοῦ<br><br />
χρῄζουσα Μήνη, νερτέρων ἐπίσκοπε,<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι, Ξείνη τ’ Αὔγη, παρθένε,<br><br />
ἐνεύχομαί σοι, δαιδάλη καἰπή, θοή,<br><br />
λοφαίη, ὁλκῖτι φασγάνων, θυμάνδρεια,<br><br />
παιωνία, προμηθική, πολυκλεί-<br><br />
τη, νύσσα, ποδάρκη, ἀλκίμη, πορφυ-<br><br />
ρέη, σκοτείη, Βριμώ, ἄμβροτε, ἐπή-<br><br />
κοε, Περσία, νομαῖε, Ἀλκυόνη, χρυ-<br><br />
σοστεφή, πρέσβειρα, φαεννώ, πε-<br><br />
λαγίη, εἰδωλίη, ἰνδαλίμη, δείχτειρα,<br><br />
βαριδοῦχε, εὔστοχε, αὐτοφυής, μι-<br><br />
τρίη, ἀνδρείη, στρατηλατί, Δωδωνίη,<br><br />
Ἰδαῖα, νεοπενθής, λυκώ, στηλῖτι,<br><br />
οὐλοή, ἀκρίη, χαροπή, ὀξυβόη, Θα-<br><br />
σία, Μήνη, πύματ’, ἠγκαλισμένη<br><br />
ἀκτῖνας, ἡ σώτειρα, πανγαίη, κυνώ,<br><br />
Κλωθαίη, πανδώτειρα, δολίχη,<br><br />
κυδίμη, ἄνασσα, ἀρηγέ, ἀγλαή, εὐ-<br><br />
ρύστοχε, αἰζηίη, ἁγία, ἡμέρη,<br><br />
ἀφθίτη, λιγεῖα, λιπαροπλόκαμε,<br><br />
θαλία, ζαθείη, χρυσῶπι, τερψίμβρο-<br><br />
τε, Μινῴα, λοχιάς, Θηβαία, τλητή, δο-<br><br />
λόεσσα, ἀτασθάλη, ἀκτινοχαῖτι,<br><br />
ἰοχέαιρα, παρθένε· δόλου γέμουσαν<br><br />
καὶ φόβου σωτηρίην ἦ σ’ οἶδα, πάντων<br><br />
ὡς μάγων ἀρχηγέτης, Ἑρμῆς ὁ πρέ-<br><br />
σβυς, Ἴσιδος πατὴρ ἐγώ. ἄκουσον,<br><br />
ηω Φορβα Βριμω Σαχμι· νεβουτο-<br><br />
σουαληθ· τοῦτο γάρ σου σύμβολον, τὸ σάν-<br><br />
δαλόν σου ἔκρυψα καὶ κλεῖδα κρατῶ. ἤνοιξα<br><br />
ταρταρούχου κλεῖθρα Κερβέρου<br><br />
καὶ νύκτα τὴν ἄωρον παρέδωκα σκότει.<br><br />
ῥόμβον στρέφω σοι, κυμβάλων οὐχ ἅπτομαι,<br><br />
ἄθρησον εἴς σε· Νειλωίτιδος χάριν κάτοπτρον,<br><br />
ἢν ἰδοῦσα σαυτὴν, θαυμάσεις, πρὶν ἢ μέλαν<br><br />
φῶς ἐκπτύσῃς ἀπ’ ὀμμάτων. ὃ δεῖ σε ποιῆ-<br><br />
σαι, τοῦτο δεῖ σε μὴ φυγεῖν· τὸ δεῖ μοι ποιήσεις,<br><br />
κἂν θέλῃς, κἂν μὴ θέλῃς· ἵππος, κόρη, δρά-<br><br />
καινα, λαμπάς, ἀστραπή, ἀστήρ, λέων, λύ-<br><br />
καινα, αηω· ηη· σκεῦος παλαιόν, κόσκι-<br><br />
νόν μου σύμβολον, καὶ ψωμὸς εἷς, κόραλ-<br><br />
λος, αἷμα τρυγόνος, ὄνυξ καμήλου καὶ βοὸς<br><br />
θρὶξ παρθένου, Πανὸς γόνος, πῦρ ἡλιω-<br><br />
τίδος βολῆς, χαμαίλυκον, νήθουσα, παι-<br><br />
δέρως, ἄρις, γλαυκῆς γυναικὸς σῶμα<br><br />
διεσκελισμένον, σφιγγὸς μελαίνης<br><br />
ἡ φύσις τορουμένη· ἅπαντα ταῦτα<br><br />
σύμβολόν μου πνεύματος. ὅλης ἀνάγ-<br><br />
κης δεσμὰ συνραγήσεται, καὶ κρύψει σὸν<br><br />
φῶς Ἥλιος πρὸς τὸν νότον, Τηθύς τε<br><br />
τὴν σὴν κουφίσει οἰκουμένην, Αἰὼν<br><br />
κραδαίνει, κινηθήσεται οὐρανός, Κρόνος<br><br />
φοβηθεὶς τὸν βεβιασμένον σου νοῦν<br><br />
πέφευγε εἰς Ἅιδην, νερτέρων ἐπίσκοπος.<br><br />
Μοῖραί σου τὸν ἀνέκλειπτον ῥίπτουσι μίτον,<br><br />
ἂν μὴ μαγείης τῆς ἐμῆς ἀναγκάσῃς<br><br />
βέλος πετηνὸν ταχύτατον τέλος δραμεῖν.<br><br />
οὐ γὰρ φυγεῖν ἔξεστι μοῖράν μου λόγων,<br><br />
ὃ δεῖ γενέσθαι· μὴ σα<υ>τὴν ἀναγκάσῃς<br><br />
ἄνωθεν εἰς ἄνω τ’ ἀκούειν συμβόλων.<br><br />
τὸ δεῖ, ποιήσεις, κἂν θέλῃς κἂν μὴ θέλῃς·<br><br />
ἀχρείου φωτὸς πρίν σε μοῖρα καταλάβῃ,<br><br />
ποίησον, ὃ λέγω, ταρταροῦχε παρθένε.<br><br />
ἔδησα δεσμοῖς τοῖς Κρόνου τὸν σὸν πόλον<br><br />
καὶ ὀπιδνῇ ἀνάγκῃ ἀντίχειρά σου κρατῶ.<br><br />
οὐ γίνεται αὔριον, εἰ μὴ γένηται, ὃ βούλομαι.<br><br />
ἔνευσας Ἑρμῇ, τῷ θεῶν ἀρχηγέτῃ,<br><br />
εἰς τήνδε τὴν πρᾶξιν συμβαλεῖν· σ’ ἦ μὴν ἔχω.<br><br />
ἄκουσον, ἡ θεωροῦσα καὶ θεωρουμένη·<br><br />
βλέπω σε, καὶ βλέπεις με, εἶτα κἀγώ σοι<br><br />
σημεῖον ἐρῶ· χάλκεον τὸ σάνδαλον τῆς<br><br />
ταρταρούχου, στέμμα, κλείς, κηρύκιον,<br><br />
ῥόμβος σιδηροῦς καὶ κύων κυάνεος,<br><br />
κλεῖθρον τρίχωρον, ἐσχάρα πυρουμένη,<br><br />
σκότος, βυθός, φλόξ· Ταρτάρου σημάντρια<br><br />
φοβοῦσα Ἐρινῦς δαίμονας τεραστίους,<br><br />
εἰσῆλθας; ἥκεις; ὀργίσθητι, παρθένε,<br><br />
τῷ δεῖνα, ἐχθρῷ τῶν ἐν οὐρανῷ θεῶν,<br><br />
Ἡλίου Ὀσίριδος καὶ συνεύνου Ἴσιδος.<br><br />
οἷον λέγω σοι, εἴσβαλε εἰς τοῦτον κακόν,<br><br />
ὅτι οἶδα σὰ τὰ καλὰ καὶ μεγάλα, Κόρη, ὀνόμα-<br><br />
τα σεμνά, οἷς φωτίζεται οὐρανὸς καὶ γαῖα<br><br />
πίνει τὴν δρόσον καὶ κυοφορ<εῖ>,<br><br />
ἐξ ὧν ὁ κόσμος αὔξεται καὶ λείπεται.<br><br />
</span>Ευφορβα φορβα· φορβορεου· φορβα<br><br />
φορβορ φορβορ φορβορ· βορβορφα· ηρφορ·<br><br />
φορβαϊω· φορβορ φορβορ βοροφ· φορφορ<br><br />
βορ· φορβορ· αω· ιωη· φορβορφορ· ευφορ<br><br />
βοφορ· ευοιεω φωθ· ιωφωθ ιωφωθ<br><br />
φωθιωφ· αωωωθω ωαϊ ιω εωωιω<br><br />
ἁἁἁ εε ηη ιουυ ωωω ουυυυ αεηιουω<br><br />
υυυ ἄνασσα, Ἁρκεντεχθα, τῷ κυρίῳ Ὀσί-<br><br />
ριδι ὁ παραφαίνων θεός, τέλει μοι, Μιχαήλ,<br><br />
ἀγγέλων ἀρχάγγελε’.<br />
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==Hymn ()==<br />
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==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-04-11T17:38:01Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding english</p>
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<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
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! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
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|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="355"| ||width="500"|2-1-1 to 2-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||2-1-1 For no island is made for driving horses or has broad meadows, [''Od.'' 4.607]<br><br />
2-1-2<br><br />
2-1-3<br><br />
2-1-4<br><br />
2-1-5<br><br />
2-1-6 His gifts are hateful to me, and I honor him not a whit. [''Il.'' 9.378]<br><br />
2-2-1 an only beloved heir to many possessions, [''Il.'' 9.482; ''Od.'' 16.19 (?)]<br><br />
2-2-2<br><br />
2-2-3<br><br />
2-2-4<br><br />
2-2-5 So they thronged about him. And hear [''Od.'' 24.19]<r><br />
2-2-6 and fashioning lies out of what nobody could see. [''Od.'' 11.366]<br><br />
2-3-1 be valient, that later generations may also speak well of you. [''Od.'' 1.302]<br><br />
2-3-2 leaning on the grave market over a barrow heaped up by men [''Il.'' 11.371]<br><br />
2-3-3 go. You have a way, and beside the sea your ships [''Il.'' 9.43]<br><br />
2-3-4 You will be proved a liar, and will not go on to fulfill your words [''Il.'' 19.107]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of tears, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of years, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-6 Not even if remaining for five or six years [''Od.'' 3.115]<br><br />
2-4-1 So he spoke, and ordered Paian to administer a cure. [''Il.'' 5.899]<br><br />
2-4-2 These things, unhappy men, will I accomplish and do for you. [''Od.'' 11.80]<br><br />
2-4-3 Hoe can you propose to render toil useless and ineffectual? [''Il.'' 4.26]<br><br />
2-4-4 a thing delayed, late of fulfillment, whose fame will never perish. [''Il.'' 2.325]<br><br />
2-4-5 Sooner would you grow weary and return to your native land. [''Od.'' 3.117]<br><br />
2-4-6 to go, that he may bring poisonous drugs from there, [''Od.'' 2.329]<br><br />
2-5-1 Husband, you departed from life young, ans me behind as a widow [''Il.'' 24.725]<br><br />
2-5-2 in which way I will for sure accomplish everything and how it will be brought to pass, [''Il.'' 9.310 (?)]<br><br />
2-5-3 Offer me not honey-tempered wine, honored mother, [''Il.'' 6.264]<br><br />
2-5-4<br><br />
2-5-5<br><br />
2-5-6 Do not orphan your son and make your wife a widow. [''Il.'' 6.432]<br><br />
2-6-1 would that they might now eat their last and final meal here. [''Od.'' 4.685]<br><br />
2-6-2 it is not meet for a man who speaks in the Council to sleep all the night through, [''Il.'' 2.24]<br><br />
2-6-3 What's wrong with you, that you took this wrath into your heart? [''Il.'' 6.326]<br><br />
2-6-4 But who knows if he will one day return and punish them for their violent deeds? [''Od.'' 3.216]<br><br />
2-6-5 wives I will provide for both and furnish possessions [''Od.'' 21.214]<br><br />
2-6-6 we may try the bow and complete the contest. [''Od.'' 21.180]<br> <br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||3-1-1 For it's no reproach to flee evil, nor by night. [''Il.'' 14.80]<br><br />
3-1-2 Be mindful of every form of valor. Now you needs must [''Il.'' 22.268]<br><br />
3-1-3 as a widow at home. And the boy is still just a baby, [''Il.'' 22.484; cf. 24.726]<br><br />
3-1-4 But do you in no wise enter the moil of Ares, [''Il.'' 18.134]<br><br />
3-1-5 For amid misfortune mortals quickly grow old. [''Od.'' 19.360]<br><br />
3-1-6<br><br />
3-2-1<br><br />
3-2-2 Such a man is not alive nor will be born, [''Od.'' 6.201]<br><br />
3-2-3 Of a truth, child, there's nothing really wrong with this, [''Il.'' 18.128]<br><br />
3-2-4 Now is it no longer possible for him to find escape from us, [''Il.'' 22.219]<br><br />
3-2-5 We will ransom with bronze and gold, for it is within. [''Il.'' 22.50]<br><br />
3-2-6 drink, and do not vie with younger men. [''Od.'' 21.310]<br><br />
3-3-1 where are you fleeing, turning your back like a craven in the ranks? ''Il.'' 8.94]<br><br />
3-3-2 Would that such a man be called my husband [''Od.'' 6.244]<br><br />
3-3-3 plants her head in heaven and walks upon the earth. [''Il.'' 4.443]<br><br />
3-3-4 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
3-3-5 and nodded for his army to survive and not perish. [''Il.'' 8.246]<br><br />
3-3-6 Would that you had not pled with the noble son of Peleus, [''Il.'' 9.698]<br><br />
3-4-1 Honey-sweet wine has the best of you, which others also [''Od.'' 21.293]<br><br />
3-4-2 Act in whatever way your mind is moved, and no longer hold back. [''Il.'' 22.185]<br><br />
3-4-3 For it is fated for both to turn the same ground red [''Il.'' 18.329]<br><br />
3-4-4 keep on shooting like this, if haply you may become a light to the Danaans [''Il.'' 8.282]<br><br />
3-4-5 as if there is no one who could keep the dogs off your head, [''Il.'' 22.348]<br><br />
3-4-6 You will not kill me, since I amfor sure not subject to Fate. [''Il.'' 22.13]<br><br />
3-5-1 staying right here you would help me watch over this house [''Od.'' 5.208]<br><br />
3-5-2 Get out of the gateway, old man, or it won't be long before you're dragged out by the foot. [''Od.'' 18.10]<br><br />
3-5-3 Better for a man to escape evil by flight than to be caught. [''Il.'' 14.81]<br><br />
3-5-4 and declare to no one, neither man not woman, [''Od.'' 13.308]<br><br />
3-5-5 of wheat or barley. And the heaps fall thick and fast. [''Il.'' 11.69]<br><br />
3-5-6 Whatever sort of word you speak, such would you hear. [''Il.'' 20.250]<br><br />
3-6-1 was opposed to giving Helen tawny Menelaos, [''Il.'' 11.125]<br><br />
3-6-2 or will you alter your purpose? The hearts of the good are flexible. [''Il.'' 15.203]<br><br />
3-6-3 Yet I for one never doubted, but at heart [''Od.'' 13.339]<br><br />
3-6-4 Eurymachos, it will not be so. And even you know it. [''Od.'' 21.257]<br><br />
3-6-5 You miserable foreigner, you have no sense at all. [''Od.'' 21.288]<br><br />
3-6-6 And the father granted him one thing, but denied him the other. [''Il.'' 16.250]<br><br />
<br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
||4-1-1 Nay, go to your chambers and tend to your own work, [''Od.'' 1.356]<br><br />
4-1-2 Now then, do not even tell this to your wife. [''Od.'' 11.224]<br><br />
4-1-3 would you have been stoned to death for all of the wrongs you've done. [''Il.'' 3.57]<br><br />
4-1-4 you prayed to the immortals to see with a beard grown. [''Od.'' 18.176]<br><br />
4-1-5 and vow to Lycian-born Apollo the famous archer [''Il.'' 4.101]<br><br />
4-1-6 and no spirit of harmony unites wolves and sheep, [''Il.'' 22.263]<br><br />
4-2-1 Come now, let us make these concessions to one another, [''Il.'' 4.62]<br><br />
4-2-2 And in the throng were Strife and Uproar, and Fate-of-Death, [''Il.'' 18.535]<br><br />
4-2-3<br><br />
4-2-4 Up, rush into battle, the man you have always claimed to be. [''Il.'' 4.264]<br><br />
4-2-5<br><br />
4-2-6 You baby, what use now to keep your bow idle? [''Il.'' 21.747]<br><br />
4-3-1 For even fair-tressed Niobe turned her mind to food, [''Il.'' 24.603]<br><br />
4-3-2 after giving a mass of bronze and gold and raiment [''Od.'' 5.38]<br><br />
4-3-3 Surely then the journey will not be useless or fail to occur. [''Od.'' 2.273]<br><br />
4-3-4 One omen is best, to defend your country. [''Il.'' 12.243]<br><br />
4-3-5 I will gild her horns all around and sacrifice her to you. [''Il.'' 10.294]<br><br />
4-3-6 and you would gain everyone Trojan's thanks and praise, [''Il.'' 4.95]<br><br />
4-4-1 put in with your ship, since women are no longer trustworthy. [''Od.'' 11.456]<br><br />
4-4-2 It is not possible or proper to deny your request. [''Il.'' 14.212]<br><br />
4-4-3 would straightway fit his will to your desire and mine. [''Il.'' 15.52]<br><br />
4-4-4 and give him instruction. And it will be beneficial for him to obey. [''Il.'' 11.789]<br><br />
4-4-5 will give glory to me, and your soul to horse-famed Hades. [''Il.'' 5.654]<br><br />
4-4-6 fill up his ship with gold and bronze aplenty, [''Il.'' 9.137]<br><br />
4-5-1 but tell one part, and let the other be concealed. [''Od.'' 11.443]<br><br />
4-5-2 and at birth Zues sends a weight of misery. [''Il.'' 10.71]<br><br />
4-5-3 alone to have intelligence, but they are flitting shades. [''Od.'' 10.495]<br><br />
4-5-4 yielding to his indignation. But they now withheld from him the gifts [''Il.'' 9.598]<br><br />
4-5-5 I rejoice at hearing what you say, son of Laertes. [''Il.'' 19.185]<br><br />
4-5-6 But Zeus causes men's prowess to wax or to wane, [''Il.'' 20.242]<br><br />
4-6-1 a terrible man. He would be quick to blame even the blameless. [''Il.'' 11.654]<br><br />
4-6-2 with all haste. For now would you capture the broad-wayed city [''Il.'' 2.66]<br><br />
4-6-3 Endure now, my heart. An even greater outrage did you once endure, [''Od.'' 20.18]<br><br />
4-6-4 You lunatic, sit still and listen to the word of others, [''Il.'' 2.200]<br><br />
4-6-5 had cast aside the wrath and chosen friendship. [''Il.'' 16.282]<br><br />
4-6-6 so good it is for a son to be left by a dead [''Od.'' 3.196]<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="375"| ||width="500"|5-1-1 to 5-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
||5-1-1 Here then, spread under your chest a veil, [''Od.'' 5.346]<br><br />
5-1-2 'Tis impiety to exult over men slain. [''Od.'' 22.412]<br><br />
5-1-3 through immortal night, when other mortals sleep? [''Il.'' 24.363]<br><br />
5-1-4 How then could I forget divine Oddyseus? [''Od.'' 1.65]<br><br />
5-1-5 lurid death and overpowerful doom laid hold of [''Il.'' 5.83]<br><br />
5-1-6 So there's nothing else horrible and vile as a woman [''Od.'' 11.427]<br><br />
5-2-1 Let us not advance to fight the Danaans around the ship. [''Il.'' 12.216]<br><br />
5-2-2 To put up a defense, when some fellow provokes a fight. [''Il.'' 24.369; ''Od.'' 16.72; 21.133]<br><br />
5-2-3 nor do children at his knees call him "papa" [''Il.'' 5.408]<br><br />
5-2-4 I am this very man, back home now. And after many toils [''Od.'' 21.207]<br><br />
5-2-5 Talk not like this. There'll be no change before [''Il.'' 5.218]<br><br />
5-2-6 let him stay here the while, even though he's eager for Ares. [''Il.'' 19.189]<br><br />
5-3-1 And do not, exulting in war and battle, [''Il.'' 16.91]<br><br />
5-3-2 never to have gone to bed with her and had intercourse, [''Il.'' 9.133; 19.176]<br><br />
5-3-3 and moistens the lips, but fails to moisten the palate. ['Il.'' 22.495]<br><br />
5-3-4 Take heart! Let these matters not trouble your thoughts. ['Il.'' 18.463]<br><br />
5-3-5 But this mad dog I'm unable to hit. [''Il.'' 8.299]<br><br />
5-3-6 Keep quiet, friend, and do as I say. [''Il.'' 4.412]<br><br />
5-4-1 Bad deeds don't prosper. The slow man for sure overtakes the swift, [''Od.'' 8.329]<br><br />
5-4-2 They shut fast and locked the doors of the hall. [''Od.'' 21.236]<br><br />
5-4-3 Ah, poor man! Death's not at all on your mind, [''Il.'' 17.201]<br><br />
5-4-4 Odysseus has come and reached home, though he was long in coming. [''Od.'' 23.7]<br><br />
5-4-5 in full he will accomplish it at last, and the penalty they pay is great, [''Il.'' 4.161]<br><br />
5-4-6 and therein was Strife, and therein Valor, and therein chilling Attack, [''Il.'' 5.740]<br><br />
5-5-1 but 'tis most wretched to die and meet one's doom by starvation. [''Od.'' 12.342]<br><br />
5-5-2 shall I be laid low when I die. But good repute is now my goal, [''Il.'' 18.121]<br><br />
5-5-3 Up, rush into battle, the man you have always claimed to be. [''Il.'' 4.264]<br><br />
5-5-4 In no way do I mock you, dear child, nor am I playing tricks. [''Od.'' 23.26]<br><br />
5-5-5 but she stayed Alkmene's labor and stopped her from giving birth. [''Il.'' 19.119]<br><br />
5-5-6 But come, and hereafter I shall make amends for this, if now anything wrong [''Il.'' 4.362]<br><br />
5-6-1 Where are you two rushing? What causes the heart within your breast to rage? [''Il.'' 8.413]<br><br />
5-6-2 Pray now, let him not be too much on your mind. [''Od.'' 13.421]<br><br />
5-6-3 But the gods do not, I ween, give men all things at the same time. [''Il.'' 4.320]<br><br />
5-6-4 Talk not like this. There'll be no change before [''Il.'' 5.218]<br><br />
5-6-5 So he spake, but did not move the mind of Zeus by saying this. [''Il.'' 12.173]<br><br />
5-6-6 but Oddyseus nodded no and checked him in his eagerness. [''Od.'' 21.129]<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||6-1-1 to 6-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-20T05:26:15Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: format</p>
<hr />
<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
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|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||2-1-1 For no island is made for driving horses or has broad meadows, [''Od.'' 4.607]<br><br />
2-1-2<br><br />
2-1-3<br><br />
2-1-4<br><br />
2-1-5<br><br />
2-1-6 His gifts are hateful to me, and I honor him not a whit. [''Il.'' 9.378]<br><br />
2-2-1 an only beloved heir to many possessions, [''Il.'' 9.482; ''Od.'' 16.19 (?)]<br><br />
2-2-2<br><br />
2-2-3<br><br />
2-2-4<br><br />
2-2-5 So they thronged about him. And hear [''Od.'' 24.19]<r><br />
2-2-6 and fashioning lies out of what nobody could see. [''Od.'' 11.366]<br><br />
2-3-1 be valient, that later generations may also speak well of you. [''Od.'' 1.302]<br><br />
2-3-2 leaning on the grave market over a barrow heaped up by men [''Il.'' 11.371]<br><br />
2-3-3 go. You have a way, and beside the sea your ships [''Il.'' 9.43]<br><br />
2-3-4 You will be proved a liar, and will not go on to fulfill your words [''Il.'' 19.107]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of tears, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of years, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-6 Not even if remaining for five or six years [''Od.'' 3.115]<br><br />
2-4-1 So he spoke, and ordered Paian to administer a cure. [''Il.'' 5.899]<br><br />
2-4-2 These things, unhappy men, will I accomplish and do for you. [''Od.'' 11.80]<br><br />
2-4-3 Hoe can you propose to render toil useless and ineffectual? [''Il.'' 4.26]<br><br />
2-4-4 a thing delayed, late of fulfillment, whose fame will never perish. [''Il.'' 2.325]<br><br />
2-4-5 Sooner would you grow weary and return to your native land. [''Od.'' 3.117]<br><br />
2-4-6 to go, that he may bring poisonous drugs from there, [''Od.'' 2.329]<br><br />
2-5-1 Husband, you departed from life young, ans me behind as a widow [''Il.'' 24.725]<br><br />
2-5-2 in which way I will for sure accomplish everything and how it will be brought to pass, [''Il.'' 9.310 (?)]<br><br />
2-5-3 Offer me not honey-tempered wine, honored mother, [''Il.'' 6.264]<br><br />
2-5-4<br><br />
2-5-5<br><br />
2-5-6 Do not orphan your son and make your wife a widow. [''Il.'' 6.432]<br><br />
2-6-1 would that they might now eat their last and final meal here. [''Od.'' 4.685]<br><br />
2-6-2 it is not meet for a man who speaks in the Council to sleep all the night through, [''Il.'' 2.24]<br><br />
2-6-3 What's wrong with you, that you took this wrath into your heart? [''Il.'' 6.326]<br><br />
2-6-4 But who knows if he will one day return and punish them for their violent deeds? [''Od.'' 3.216]<br><br />
2-6-5 wives I will provide for both and furnish possessions [''Od.'' 21.214]<br><br />
2-6-6 we may try the bow and complete the contest. [''Od.'' 21.180]<br> <br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
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!width="400"| ||width="500"|3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
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|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||3-1-1 For it's no reproach to flee evil, nor by night. [''Il.'' 14.80]<br><br />
3-1-2 Be mindful of every form of valor. Now you needs must [''Il.'' 22.268]<br><br />
3-1-3 as a widow at home. And the boy is still just a baby, [''Il.'' 22.484; cf. 24.726]<br><br />
3-1-4 But do you in no wise enter the moil of Ares, [''Il.'' 18.134]<br><br />
3-1-5 For amid misfortune mortals quickly grow old. [''Od.'' 19.360]<br><br />
3-1-6<br><br />
3-2-1<br><br />
3-2-2 Such a man is not alive nor will be born, [''Od.'' 6.201]<br><br />
3-2-3 Of a truth, child, there's nothing really wrong with this, [''Il.'' 18.128]<br><br />
3-2-4 Now is it no longer possible for him to find escape from us, [''Il.'' 22.219]<br><br />
3-2-5 We will ransom with bronze and gold, for it is within. [''Il.'' 22.50]<br><br />
3-2-6 drink, and do not vie with younger men. [''Od.'' 21.310]<br><br />
3-3-1 where are you fleeing, turning your back like a craven in the ranks? ''Il.'' 8.94]<br><br />
3-3-2 Would that such a man be called my husband [''Od.'' 6.244]<br><br />
3-3-3 plants her head in heaven and walks upon the earth. [''Il.'' 4.443]<br><br />
3-3-4 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
3-3-5 and nodded for his army to survive and not perish. [''Il.'' 8.246]<br><br />
3-3-6 Would that you had not pled with the noble son of Peleus, [''Il.'' 9.698]<br><br />
3-4-1 Honey-sweet wine has the best of you, which others also [''Od.'' 21.293]<br><br />
3-4-2 Act in whatever way your mind is moved, and no longer hold back. [''Il.'' 22.185]<br><br />
3-4-3 For it is fated for both to turn the same ground red [''Il.'' 18.329]<br><br />
3-4-4 keep on shooting like this, if haply you may become a light to the Danaans [''Il.'' 8.282]<br><br />
3-4-5 as if there is no one who could keep the dogs off your head, [''Il.'' 22.348]<br><br />
3-4-6 You will not kill me, since I amfor sure not subject to Fate. [''Il.'' 22.13]<br><br />
3-5-1 staying right here you would help me watch over this house [''Od.'' 5.208]<br><br />
3-5-2 Get out of the gateway, old man, or it won't be long before you're dragged out by the foot. [''Od.'' 18.10]<br><br />
3-5-3 Better for a man to escape evil by flight than to be caught. [''Il.'' 14.81]<br><br />
3-5-4 and declare to no one, neither man not woman, [''Od.'' 13.308]<br><br />
3-5-5 of wheat or barley. And the heaps fall thick and fast. [''Il.'' 11.69]<br><br />
3-5-6 Whatever sort of word you speak, such would you hear. [''Il.'' 20.250]<br><br />
3-6-1 was opposed to giving Helen tawny Menelaos, [''Il.'' 11.125]<br><br />
3-6-2 or will you alter your purpose? The hearts of the good are flexible. [''Il.'' 15.203]<br><br />
3-6-3 Yet I for one never doubted, but at heart [''Od.'' 13.339]<br><br />
3-6-4 Eurymachos, it will not be so. And even you know it. [''Od.'' 21.257]<br><br />
3-6-5 You miserable foreigner, you have no sense at all. [''Od.'' 21.288]<br><br />
3-6-6 And the father granted him one thing, but denied him the other. [''Il.'' 16.250]<br><br />
<br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
||4-1-1 Nay, go to your chambers and tend to your own work, [''Od.'' 1.356]<br><br />
4-1-2 Now then, do not even tell this to your wife. [''Od.'' 11.224]<br><br />
4-1-3 would you have been stoned to death for all of the wrongs you've done. [''Il.'' 3.57]<br><br />
4-1-4 you prayed to the immortals to see with a beard grown. [''Od.'' 18.176]<br><br />
4-1-5 and vow to Lycian-born Apollo the famous archer [''Il.'' 4.101]<br><br />
4-1-6 and no spirit of harmony unites wolves and sheep, [''Il.'' 22.263]<br><br />
4-2-1 Come now, let us make these concessions to one another, [''Il.'' 4.62]<br><br />
4-2-2 And in the throng were Strife and Uproar, and Fate-of-Death, [''Il.'' 18.535]<br><br />
4-2-3<br><br />
4-2-4 Up, rush into battle, the man you have always claimed to be. [''Il.'' 4.264]<br><br />
4-2-5<br><br />
4-2-6 You baby, what use now to keep your bow idle? [''Il.'' 21.747]<br><br />
4-3-1 For even fair-tressed Niobe turned her mind to food, [''Il.'' 24.603]<br><br />
4-3-2 after giving a mass of bronze and gold and raiment [''Od.'' 5.38]<br><br />
4-3-3 Surely then the journey will not be useless or fail to occur. [''Od.'' 2.273]<br><br />
4-3-4 One omen is best, to defend your country. [''Il.'' 12.243]<br><br />
4-3-5 I will gild her horns all around and sacrifice her to you. [''Il.'' 10.294]<br><br />
4-3-6 and you would gain everyone Trojan's thanks and praise, [''Il.'' 4.95]<br><br />
4-4-1 put in with your ship, since women are no longer trustworthy. [''Od.'' 11.456]<br><br />
4-4-2 It is not possible or proper to deny your request. [''Il.'' 14.212]<br><br />
4-4-3 would straightway fit his will to your desire and mine. [''Il.'' 15.52]<br><br />
4-4-4 and give him instruction. And it will be beneficial for him to obey. [''Il.'' 11.789]<br><br />
4-4-5 will give glory to me, and your soul to horse-famed Hades. [''Il.'' 5.654]<br><br />
4-4-6 fill up his ship with gold and bronze aplenty, [''Il.'' 9.137]<br><br />
4-5-1 but tell one part, and let the other be concealed. [''Od.'' 11.443]<br><br />
4-5-2 and at birth Zues sends a weight of misery. [''Il.'' 10.71]<br><br />
4-5-3 alone to have intelligence, but they are flitting shades. [''Od.'' 10.495]<br><br />
4-5-4 yielding to his indignation. But they now withheld from him the gifts [''Il.'' 9.598]<br><br />
4-5-5 I rejoice at hearing what you say, son of Laertes. [''Il.'' 19.185]<br><br />
4-5-6 But Zeus causes men's prowess to wax or to wane, [''Il.'' 20.242]<br><br />
4-6-1 a terrible man. He would be quick to blame even the blameless. [''Il.'' 11.654]<br><br />
4-6-2 with all haste. For now would you capture the broad-wayed city [''Il.'' 2.66]<br><br />
4-6-3 Endure now, my heart. An even greater outrage did you once endure, [''Od.'' 20.18]<br><br />
4-6-4 You lunatic, sit still and listen to the word of others, [''Il.'' 2.200]<br><br />
4-6-5 had cast aside the wrath and chosen friendship. [''Il.'' 16.282]<br><br />
4-6-6 so good it is for a son to be left by a dead [''Od.'' 3.196]<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||5-1-1 to 5-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||6-1-1 to 6-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-20T05:24:31Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: add 4+</p>
<hr />
<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="355"| ||width="500"|2-1-1 to 2-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||2-1-1 For no island is made for driving horses or has broad meadows, [''Od.'' 4.607]<br><br />
2-1-2<br><br />
2-1-3<br><br />
2-1-4<br><br />
2-1-5<br><br />
2-1-6 His gifts are hateful to me, and I honor him not a whit. [''Il.'' 9.378]<br><br />
2-2-1 an only beloved heir to many possessions, [''Il.'' 9.482; ''Od.'' 16.19 (?)]<br><br />
2-2-2<br><br />
2-2-3<br><br />
2-2-4<br><br />
2-2-5 So they thronged about him. And hear [''Od.'' 24.19]<r><br />
2-2-6 and fashioning lies out of what nobody could see. [''Od.'' 11.366]<br><br />
2-3-1 be valient, that later generations may also speak well of you. [''Od.'' 1.302]<br><br />
2-3-2 leaning on the grave market over a barrow heaped up by men [''Il.'' 11.371]<br><br />
2-3-3 go. You have a way, and beside the sea your ships [''Il.'' 9.43]<br><br />
2-3-4 You will be proved a liar, and will not go on to fulfill your words [''Il.'' 19.107]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of tears, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of years, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-6 Not even if remaining for five or six years [''Od.'' 3.115]<br><br />
2-4-1 So he spoke, and ordered Paian to administer a cure. [''Il.'' 5.899]<br><br />
2-4-2 These things, unhappy men, will I accomplish and do for you. [''Od.'' 11.80]<br><br />
2-4-3 Hoe can you propose to render toil useless and ineffectual? [''Il.'' 4.26]<br><br />
2-4-4 a thing delayed, late of fulfillment, whose fame will never perish. [''Il.'' 2.325]<br><br />
2-4-5 Sooner would you grow weary and return to your native land. [''Od.'' 3.117]<br><br />
2-4-6 to go, that he may bring poisonous drugs from there, [''Od.'' 2.329]<br><br />
2-5-1 Husband, you departed from life young, ans me behind as a widow [''Il.'' 24.725]<br><br />
2-5-2 in which way I will for sure accomplish everything and how it will be brought to pass, [''Il.'' 9.310 (?)]<br><br />
2-5-3 Offer me not honey-tempered wine, honored mother, [''Il.'' 6.264]<br><br />
2-5-4<br><br />
2-5-5<br><br />
2-5-6 Do not orphan your son and make your wife a widow. [''Il.'' 6.432]<br><br />
2-6-1 would that they might now eat their last and final meal here. [''Od.'' 4.685]<br><br />
2-6-2 it is not meet for a man who speaks in the Council to sleep all the night through, [''Il.'' 2.24]<br><br />
2-6-3 What's wrong with you, that you took this wrath into your heart? [''Il.'' 6.326]<br><br />
2-6-4 But who knows if he will one day return and punish them for their violent deeds? [''Od.'' 3.216]<br><br />
2-6-5 wives I will provide for both and furnish possessions [''Od.'' 21.214]<br><br />
2-6-6 we may try the bow and complete the contest. [''Od.'' 21.180]<br> <br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||3-1-1 For it's no reproach to flee evil, nor by night. [''Il.'' 14.80]<br><br />
3-1-2 Be mindful of every form of valor. Now you needs must [''Il.'' 22.268]<br><br />
3-1-3 as a widow at home. And the boy is still just a baby, [''Il.'' 22.484; cf. 24.726]<br><br />
3-1-4 But do you in no wise enter the moil of Ares, [''Il.'' 18.134]<br><br />
3-1-5 For amid misfortune mortals quickly grow old. [''Od.'' 19.360]<br><br />
3-1-6<br><br />
3-2-1<br><br />
3-2-2 Such a man is not alive nor will be born, [''Od.'' 6.201]<br><br />
3-2-3 Of a truth, child, there's nothing really wrong with this, [''Il.'' 18.128]<br><br />
3-2-4 Now is it no longer possible for him to find escape from us, [''Il.'' 22.219]<br><br />
3-2-5 We will ransom with bronze and gold, for it is within. [''Il.'' 22.50]<br><br />
3-2-6 drink, and do not vie with younger men. [''Od.'' 21.310]<br><br />
3-3-1 where are you fleeing, turning your back like a craven in the ranks? ''Il.'' 8.94]<br><br />
3-3-2 Would that such a man be called my husband [''Od.'' 6.244]<br><br />
3-3-3 plants her head in heaven and walks upon the earth. [''Il.'' 4.443]<br><br />
3-3-4 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
3-3-5 and nodded for his army to survive and not perish. [''Il.'' 8.246]<br><br />
3-3-6 Would that you had not pled with the noble son of Peleus, [''Il.'' 9.698]<br><br />
3-4-1 Honey-sweet wine has the best of you, which others also [''Od.'' 21.293]<br><br />
3-4-2 Act in whatever way your mind is moved, and no longer hold back. [''Il.'' 22.185]<br><br />
3-4-3 For it is fated for both to turn the same ground red [''Il.'' 18.329]<br><br />
3-4-4 keep on shooting like this, if haply you may become a light to the Danaans [''Il.'' 8.282]<br><br />
3-4-5 as if there is no one who could keep the dogs off your head, [''Il.'' 22.348]<br><br />
3-4-6 You will not kill me, since I amfor sure not subject to Fate. [''Il.'' 22.13]<br><br />
3-5-1 staying right here you would help me watch over this house [''Od.'' 5.208]<br><br />
3-5-2 Get out of the gateway, old man, or it won't be long before you're dragged out by the foot. [''Od.'' 18.10]<br><br />
3-5-3 Better for a man to escape evil by flight than to be caught. [''Il.'' 14.81]<br><br />
3-5-4 and declare to no one, neither man not woman, [''Od.'' 13.308]<br><br />
3-5-5 of wheat or barley. And the heaps fall thick and fast. [''Il.'' 11.69]<br><br />
3-5-6 Whatever sort of word you speak, such would you hear. [''Il.'' 20.250]<br><br />
3-6-1 was opposed to giving Helen tawny Menelaos, [''Il.'' 11.125]<br><br />
3-6-2 or will you alter your purpose? The hearts of the good are flexible. [''Il.'' 15.203]<br><br />
3-6-3 Yet I for one never doubted, but at heart [''Od.'' 13.339]<br><br />
3-6-4 Eurymachos, it will not be so. And even you know it. [''Od.'' 21.257]<br><br />
3-6-5 You miserable foreigner, you have no sense at all. [''Od.'' 21.288]<br><br />
3-6-6 And the father granted him one thing, but denied him the other. [''Il.'' 16.250]<br><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
||4-1-1 Nay, go to your chambers and tend to your own work, [''Od.'' 1.356]<br><br />
4-1-2 Now then, do not even tell this to your wife. [''Od.'' 11.224]<br><br />
4-1-3 would you have been stoned to death for all of the wrongs you've done. [''Il.'' 3.57]<br><br />
4-1-4 you prayed to the immortals to see with a beard grown. [''Od.'' 18.176]<br><br />
4-1-5 and vow to Lycian-born Apollo the famous archer [''Il.'' 4.101]<br><br />
4-1-6 and no spirit of harmony unites wolves and sheep, [''Il.'' 22.263]<br><br />
4-2-1 Come now, let us make these concessions to one another, [''Il.'' 4.62]<br><br />
4-2-2 And in the throng were Strife and Uproar, and Fate-of-Death, [''Il.'' 18.535]<br><br />
4-2-3<br><br />
4-2-4 Up, rush into battle, the man you have always claimed to be. [''Il.'' 4.264]<br><br />
4-2-5<br><br />
4-2-6 You baby, what use now to keep your bow idle? [''Il.'' 21.747]<br><br />
4-3-1 For even fair-tressed Niobe turned her mind to food, [''Il.'' 24.603]<br><br />
4-3-2 after giving a mass of bronze and gold and raiment [''Od.'' 5.38]<br><br />
4-3-3 Surely then the journey will not be useless or fail to occur. [''Od.'' 2.273]<br><br />
4-3-4 One omen is best, to defend your country. [''Il.'' 12.243]<br><br />
4-3-5 I will gild her horns all around and sacrifice her to you. [''Il.'' 10.294]<br><br />
4-3-6 and you would gain everyone Trojan's thanks and praise, [''Il.'' 4.95]<br><br />
4-4-1 put in with your ship, since women are no longer trustworthy. [''Od.'' 11.456]<br><br />
4-4-2 It is not possible or proper to deny your request. [''Il.'' 14.212]< br><br />
4-4-3 would straightway fit his will to your desire and mine. [''Il.'' 15.52]<br><br />
4-4-4 and give him instruction. And it will be beneficial for him to obey. [''Il.'' 11.789]<br><br />
4-4-5 will give glory to me, and your soul to horse-famed Hades. [''Il.'' 5.654]<br><br />
4-4-6 fill up his ship with gold and bronze aplenty, [''Il.'' 9.137]<br><br />
4-5-1 but tell one part, and let the other be concealed. [''Od.'' 11.443]<br><br />
4-5-2 and at birth Zues sends a weight of misery. [''Il.'' 10.71]<br><br />
4-5-3 alone to have intelligence, but they are flitting shades. [''Od.'' 10.495]<br><br />
4-5-4 yielding to his indignation. But they now withheld from him the gifts [''Il.'' 9.598]<br><br />
4-5-5 I rejoice at hearing what you say, son of Laertes. [''Il.'' 19.185]<br><br />
4-5-6 But Zeus causes men's prowess to wax or to wane, [''Il.'' 20.242]<br><br />
4-6-1 a terrible man. He would be quick to blame even the blameless. [''Il.'' 11.654]<br><br />
4-6-2 with all haste. For now would you capture the broad-wayed city [''Il.'' 2.66]<br><br />
4-6-3 Endure now, my heart. An even greater outrage did you once endure, [''Od.'' 20.18]<br><br />
4-6-4 You lunatic, sit still and listen to the word of others, [''Il.'' 2.200]<br><br />
4-6-5 had cast aside the wrath and chosen friendship. [''Il.'' 16.282]<br><br />
4-6-6 so good it is for a son to be left by a dead [''Od.'' 3.196]<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||5-1-1 to 5-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||6-1-1 to 6-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-20T03:56:03Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: changing link</p>
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<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or helping confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mystery_Oath|''PSI'' 1162]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mithraic_Catechism|''P.Berol.'' 21196]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Lexical_Entry|''P.Oxy.'' 1802]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt. <br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Roman_Gods#Zeus Capitolios|Zeus Capitolios]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Greek_Gods#Apollo|Apollo]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Native Temple Decline'' | content=The decline of the Egyptian temples in late antiquity is one of the seminal events in late-antique Egypt. In terms of the history of the land, the phenomenon was sudden and precipitous. In a matter of four centuries a dramatic shift took place in the religious life of the population, not so much in terms of conversion to Christianity, but in terms of the organizational foci for religious observance. <br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Greek_GodsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Greek Gods2009-03-20T03:55:09Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding Apollo</p>
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<div>The citations below are references to the respective deity or his/her temple attested in Egyptian papyri. The citations have been gleaned from Giulia Ronchi, ''Lexicon Theonymon Rerumque Sacrarum et Divinarum ad Aegyptum Pertinentium Quae in Papyris Ostracis Titulis Graecis Latinisque in Aegypto Repertis Laudantur'', 5 vol. (Instituto Editoriale Ciasalpino-La Goliardica, Milano: 1974).<br />
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==Apollo==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!||||<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''III BCE'''<br />
|''P. Cairo Zen.'' V 59806, 2 '''257 BCE'''<br><br />
''P. Hib'' I 27, XIII 186 '''301-240 BCE'''<br><br />
''PSI'' VI 634, 2 '''III BCE'''<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''I BCE'''<br />
|''P. Giss.'' 99, 17, 25 '''80/79 BCE'''<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''I CE'''<br />
|''P. Yale'' I 64, 13 '''75/6 CE'''<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''II CE'''<br />
|''P. Oxy.'' III 494, 40 '''156 CE'''<br><br />
''SB'' VI 9356, 15 '''190/1 CE'''<br><br />
||''P. Oxy.'' XI 1381, XI 232 '''II CE'''<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''III CE'''<br />
|''P. Oxy.'' XII 1449, 2 '''213-7 CE'''<br><br />
''Heitsch'' XVI, 5 '''III CE'''<br><br />
''PSI'' VIII 950, 3 '''III CE'''<br><br />
||''P. Oxy.'' XXIV 2415, 26 '''late III CE'''<br><br />
''P. Oxy.'' XXIV 2415, 49 '''late III CE'''<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''IV CE'''<br />
|''P. Strassb.'' 243, 8 '''371 CE'''<br><br />
||''P. Lips.'' 101, II 20 '''IV/V CE'''<br><br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-20T02:58:17Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: link name change</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
<br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or helping confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mystery_Oath|''PSI'' 1162]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mithraic_Catechism|''P.Berol.'' 21196]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Lexical_Entry|''P.Oxy.'' 1802]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt. <br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Roman_Gods#Zeus Capitolios|Zeus Capitolios]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Greek_Gods|Greek Gods]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Native Temple Decline'' | content=The decline of the Egyptian temples in late antiquity is one of the seminal events in late-antique Egypt. In terms of the history of the land, the phenomenon was sudden and precipitous. In a matter of four centuries a dramatic shift took place in the religious life of the population, not so much in terms of conversion to Christianity, but in terms of the organizational foci for religious observance. <br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Roman_GodsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Roman Gods2009-03-20T02:28:52Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: section header for Zeus Capitolios</p>
<hr />
<div>==Zeus Capitolios==<br />
<br />
One of the only references to a Roman god being worshipped is found in ''BGU'' II 362 (215 CE) and ''P. Mil. vogl.'' IV 233 (third cen. CE) from the Arsinoite nome. The god is Zeus Capitolios, that is, Jupiter Capitolinus. The cult likely sprang up as a result Caracalla's granting of citizenship in 212. For discussion of the cult see, Beard and North, ''Religions of Rome'' vol. 1 (Cambridge: 1998) 262-3. For discussion of the temple account in BGU 362, see Johnson, ''An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome'', vol. 2 ''Roman Egypt'' (Baltimore: 1936) 662-8. The relevant lines referring to the god are below.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
!''BGU'' II 362, pg. III, ''l.'' 1-5 and V, ''l.'' 4-5.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''III'''<br><br />
[Ἀναγραφ]αὶ δημοσίων λ[όγων]<br><br />
[παρ'ἐ]μοῦ Αὐρηλίου Σερήνου το[ῦ καὶ Ἰσ]ιδώρου<br><br />
[κοσμη]τ(οῦ) βουλ(ευτοῦ), ἁιρεθέντος ὑπὸ τῆ[ς] κρατίστης<br><br />
[βουλ(ῆς) εἰς] ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν προσηκόντων τῷ πα<br><br />
[ρ' ἡμεῖν θ]εῷ Διεὶ Καπιτωλίνωι<br><br><br />
'''V'''<br><br />
εἰς ἐπιμ[έλεια]ν τῶν προσηκόντων τῷ πα[ρ'] ἡμεῖν<br><br />
θεῷ Διεὶ Κα[πι]τωλίνῷ ἑιλάμεθα σέ<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
!''P. Mil. vogl.'' IV 233, ''l.'' 7<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|περὶ κώμην<br><br />
[ἀρούρ]ας δέκα οὔσας τε τῆς πόλεως καί τοῦ Διὸς Καπιτωλίου<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-19T05:51:58Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: moving sections and separating temple decline section</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
<br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or helping confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mystery_Oath|''PSI'' 1162]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mithraic_Catechism|''P.Berol.'' 21196]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Lexical_Entry|''P.Oxy.'' 1802]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt. <br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Roman_Gods|Roman Gods]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Greek_Gods|Greek Gods]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Native Temple Decline'' | content=The decline of the Egyptian temples in late antiquity is one of the seminal events in late-antique Egypt. In terms of the history of the land, the phenomenon was sudden and precipitous. In a matter of four centuries a dramatic shift took place in the religious life of the population, not so much in terms of conversion to Christianity, but in terms of the organizational foci for religious observance. <br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Roman_GodsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Roman Gods2009-03-19T05:51:14Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding initial content</p>
<hr />
<div>One of the only references to a Roman god being worshipped is found in ''BGU'' II 362 (215 CE) and ''P. Mil. vogl.'' IV 233 (third cen. CE) from the Arsinoite nome. The god is Zeus Capitolios, that is, Jupiter Capitolinus. The cult likely sprang up as a result Caracalla's granting of citizenship in 212. For discussion of the cult see, Beard and North, ''Religions of Rome'' vol. 1 (Cambridge: 1998) 262-3. For discussion of the temple account in BGU 362, see Johnson, ''An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome'', vol. 2 ''Roman Egypt'' (Baltimore: 1936) 662-8. The relevant lines referring to the god are below.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
!''BGU'' II 362, pg. III, ''l.'' 1-5 and V, ''l.'' 4-5.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|'''III'''<br><br />
[Ἀναγραφ]αὶ δημοσίων λ[όγων]<br><br />
[παρ'ἐ]μοῦ Αὐρηλίου Σερήνου το[ῦ καὶ Ἰσ]ιδώρου<br><br />
[κοσμη]τ(οῦ) βουλ(ευτοῦ), ἁιρεθέντος ὑπὸ τῆ[ς] κρατίστης<br><br />
[βουλ(ῆς) εἰς] ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν προσηκόντων τῷ πα<br><br />
[ρ' ἡμεῖν θ]εῷ Διεὶ Καπιτωλίνωι<br><br><br />
'''V'''<br><br />
εἰς ἐπιμ[έλεια]ν τῶν προσηκόντων τῷ πα[ρ'] ἡμεῖν<br><br />
θεῷ Διεὶ Κα[πι]τωλίνῷ ἑιλάμεθα σέ<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
!''P. Mil. vogl.'' IV 233, ''l.'' 7<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|περὶ κώμην<br><br />
[ἀρούρ]ας δέκα οὔσας τε τῆς πόλεως καί τοῦ Διὸς Καπιτωλίου<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-19T03:50:51Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: added english</p>
<hr />
<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="355"| ||width="500"|2-1-1 to 2-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||2-1-1 For no island is made for driving horses or has broad meadows, [''Od.'' 4.607]<br><br />
2-1-2<br><br />
2-1-3<br><br />
2-1-4<br><br />
2-1-5<br><br />
2-1-6 His gifts are hateful to me, and I honor him not a whit. [''Il.'' 9.378]<br><br />
2-2-1 an only beloved heir to many possessions, [''Il.'' 9.482; ''Od.'' 16.19 (?)]<br><br />
2-2-2<br><br />
2-2-3<br><br />
2-2-4<br><br />
2-2-5 So they thronged about him. And hear [''Od.'' 24.19]<r><br />
2-2-6 and fashioning lies out of what nobody could see. [''Od.'' 11.366]<br><br />
2-3-1 be valient, that later generations may also speak well of you. [''Od.'' 1.302]<br><br />
2-3-2 leaning on the grave market over a barrow heaped up by men [''Il.'' 11.371]<br><br />
2-3-3 go. You have a way, and beside the sea your ships [''Il.'' 9.43]<br><br />
2-3-4 You will be proved a liar, and will not go on to fulfill your words [''Il.'' 19.107]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of tears, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of years, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-6 Not even if remaining for five or six years [''Od.'' 3.115]<br><br />
2-4-1 So he spoke, and ordered Paian to administer a cure. [''Il.'' 5.899]<br><br />
2-4-2 These things, unhappy men, will I accomplish and do for you. [''Od.'' 11.80]<br><br />
2-4-3 Hoe can you propose to render toil useless and ineffectual? [''Il.'' 4.26]<br><br />
2-4-4 a thing delayed, late of fulfillment, whose fame will never perish. [''Il.'' 2.325]<br><br />
2-4-5 Sooner would you grow weary and return to your native land. [''Od.'' 3.117]<br><br />
2-4-6 to go, that he may bring poisonous drugs from there, [''Od.'' 2.329]<br><br />
2-5-1 Husband, you departed from life young, ans me behind as a widow [''Il.'' 24.725]<br><br />
2-5-2 in which way I will for sure accomplish everything and how it will be brought to pass, [''Il.'' 9.310 (?)]<br><br />
2-5-3 Offer me not honey-tempered wine, honored mother, [''Il.'' 6.264]<br><br />
2-5-4<br><br />
2-5-5<br><br />
2-5-6 Do not orphan your son and make your wife a widow. [''Il.'' 6.432]<br><br />
2-6-1 would that they might now eat their last and final meal here. [''Od.'' 4.685]<br><br />
2-6-2 it is not meet for a man who speaks in the Council to sleep all the night through, [''Il.'' 2.24]<br><br />
2-6-3 What's wrong with you, that you took this wrath into your heart? [''Il.'' 6.326]<br><br />
2-6-4 But who knows if he will one day return and punish them for their violent deeds? [''Od.'' 3.216]<br><br />
2-6-5 wives I will provide for both and furnish possessions [''Od.'' 21.214]<br><br />
2-6-6 we may try the bow and complete the contest. [''Od.'' 21.180]<br> <br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
!width="400"| ||width="500"|3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||3-1-1 For it's no reproach to flee evil, nor by night. [''Il.'' 14.80]<br><br />
3-1-2 Be mindful of every form of valor. Now you needs must [''Il.'' 22.268]<br><br />
3-1-3 as a widow at home. And the boy is still just a baby, [''Il.'' 22.484; cf. 24.726]<br><br />
3-1-4 But do you in no wise enter the moil of Ares, [''Il.'' 18.134]<br><br />
3-1-5 For amid misfortune mortals quickly grow old. [''Od.'' 19.360]<br><br />
3-1-6<br><br />
3-2-1<br><br />
3-2-2 Such a man is not alive nor will be born, [''Od.'' 6.201]<br><br />
3-2-3 Of a truth, child, there's nothing really wrong with this, [''Il.'' 18.128]<br><br />
3-2-4 Now is it no longer possible for him to find escape from us, [''Il.'' 22.219]<br><br />
3-2-5 We will ransom with bronze and gold, for it is within. [''Il.'' 22.50]<br><br />
3-2-6 drink, and do not vie with younger men. [''Od.'' 21.310]<br><br />
3-3-1 where are you fleeing, turning your back like a craven in the ranks? ''Il.'' 8.94]<br><br />
3-3-2 Would that such a man be called my husband [''Od.'' 6.244]<br><br />
3-3-3 plants her head in heaven and walks upon the earth. [''Il.'' 4.443]<br><br />
3-3-4 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
3-3-5 and nodded for his army to survive and not perish. [''Il.'' 8.246]<br><br />
3-3-6 Would that you had not pled with the noble son of Peleus, [''Il.'' 9.698]<br><br />
3-4-1 Honey-sweet wine has the best of you, which others also [''Od.'' 21.293]<br><br />
3-4-2 Act in whatever way your mind is moved, and no longer hold back. [''Il.'' 22.185]<br><br />
3-4-3 For it is fated for both to turn the same ground red [''Il.'' 18.329]<br><br />
3-4-4 keep on shooting like this, if haply you may become a light to the Danaans [''Il.'' 8.282]<br><br />
3-4-5 as if there is no one who could keep the dogs off your head, [''Il.'' 22.348]<br><br />
3-4-6 You will not kill me, since I amfor sure not subject to Fate. [''Il.'' 22.13]<br><br />
3-5-1 staying right here you would help me watch over this house [''Od.'' 5.208]<br><br />
3-5-2 Get out of the gateway, old man, or it won't be long before you're dragged out by the foot. [''Od.'' 18.10]<br><br />
3-5-3 Better for a man to escape evil by flight than to be caught. [''Il.'' 14.81]<br><br />
3-5-4 and declare to no one, neither man not woman, [''Od.'' 13.308]<br><br />
3-5-5 of wheat or barley. And the heaps fall thick and fast. [''Il.'' 11.69]<br><br />
3-5-6 Whatever sort of word you speak, such would you hear. [''Il.'' 20.250]<br><br />
3-6-1 was opposed to giving Helen tawny Menelaos, [''Il.'' 11.125]<br><br />
3-6-2 or will you alter your purpose? The hearts of the good are flexible. [''Il.'' 15.203]<br><br />
3-6-3 Yet I for one never doubted, but at heart [''Od.'' 13.339]<br><br />
3-6-4 Eurymachos, it will not be so. And even you know it. [''Od.'' 21.257]<br><br />
3-6-5 You miserable foreigner, you have no sense at all. [''Od.'' 21.288]<br><br />
3-6-6 And the father granted him one thing, but denied him the other. [''Il.'' 16.250]<br><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
||<br />
|}<br />
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|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
||<br />
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|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T04:30:25Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: minor content</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''bold red'''</span>) to other parts of the text. The English translation below is that of [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus].<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers. Faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Mithraic Catechism==<br />
<br />
This fourth century papyrus, P.Berol. 21196, from Hermopolis, was published by William M. Brashear in 1992, ''A Mithraic Catechism from Egypt &lt;P.Berol. 21196>'' (Wien: 1992). The word λεοντίῳ ultimately clinched it as a Mithraic text (13-16), while other words such as πατήρ and βόθρῳ had earlier suggested a Mithraic provenance. Brashear's publication is highly recommended for its extensive commentary and suggested restorations of several lines. The English translation below is that of Brashear (19).<br />
<br />
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|<br />
.........]υ̣οημις. ἐ̣ρ̣ε̣ῖ̣· π̣ο̣[ῦ<br><br />
.....ἐντ]αῦθ' ἀπορεῖ; λέγε· α[ +/- 7]<br><br />
......]λέγε· νύξ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ αν.[ +/- 5]<br><br />
....].σε; λέγε· π̣άντ̣α̣ τι ὑπερ̣...[..]<br><br />
..]κέκλησαι; λέγε· διὰ τὴν θερινὴν̣<br><br />
..].ι γενόμενος πυρώδεις ἔχει τὰς<br><br />
..]α̣βες; λέγε· ἐν̣ βόθρῳ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ σ̣ου<br><br />
..]ά̣τῳ λεοντίῳ. ἐρεῖ· ζώσεις ὁ ου<br><br />
]ν̣ θάνατον. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί ζωσάμεν̣[ος]<br><br />
.τ]οῦτο τ̣έσσαρα κράσπετα ε.[...]<br><br />
........] traces [<br><br />
||<br />
...................]..[<br><br />
.........] ὀ̣ξύτατον καὶ το̣π[.]ρ[..............................]<br><br />
..........]..σου πολύ̣ς. ἐρε̣ῖ̣·.[.......... +/- 27 ...........]<br><br />
......θ[ερμοῦ καὶ ψυχρο̣ῦ. ἐρε̣ῖ̣· [..... +/- 27 ..........]<br><br />
[π]ορφύρᾳ λίνῳ. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί; λέγε· [ +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
π̣ορφύρα ἀκμή, τὸ δὲ λίνον απ[...... +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
ἐσπαρ[ε]γανώθη̣; λ̣έγε· τὰ τοῦ σω[τῆρος ? +/- 11 ]<br><br />
ἐρεῖ· τίς ὁ πατήρ; λέγε· ὁ πάντα γε̣ν̣[νῶν .. +/- 13 ]<br><br />
ἐγένου λέων; λέγε· ταῖς τοῦ πατρ[ός .... +/- 14 ....]<br><br />
[..]λ̣έγε̣· ποτὸν καὶ τροφήν. ἐρε̣[ῖ·<br><br />
..............]τ̣ηνη ἐν τῇ ἑπτα̣[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|"... He will say: 'Where ... ?'<br><br />
'... he is/(you are?) there (then/thereupon?) at a loss?' Say: ...<br><br />
Say: 'Night'. He will say: 'Where ... ?' ...<br><br />
Say: 'All things ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... you are called ... ?' Say: 'Because of the summery ...'<br><br />
... having become ... he/it has the fiery ...<br><br />
(He will say): '... did you receive/inherit?' Say: 'In a pit'. He will say: 'Where is<br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">your ...?...</div><br />
(Say): '...(in the...) ''Leonteion''.' He will say: 'Will you gird?' The (heavenly?)<br><br />
...(Say): '... death'. He will say: 'Why, having girded yourself, ...?'<br><br />
'... this (has?) four tassels'.<br><br />
||<br />
'Very sharp and ...'<br><br />
'... much'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say: '... because of/through?) hot and cold'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say): '... red ... linen'. He will say: 'Why?' Say:<br><br />
'... red border; the linen, however, ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... has been wrapped?' Say: 'The savior's ...'<br><br />
He will say: 'Who is the father?' Say: 'The one who (begets?) everything ...' (He<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">will say): '('How ?)...</div><br />
did you become a ''Leo''?' Say: 'By the ... of the father'. ...<br><br />
Say: 'Drink and food'. He will say '...?'<br><br />
'... in the seven-...'."<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Lexical Entry==<br />
<br />
This late second/early third century papyrus, P.Oxy. 1802, contains a glossary on the verso, among whose entries one is for Mithras on ''l.'' 64, which reads:<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Μίθρας''' ὁ Προμηθεὺς κατὰ δ' ἄλλους ὁ ἥλιος παρὰ Περσ[αις ...<br />
<br />
'''Mithras:''' Prometheus, but according to others the Sun, among Persi[ans ...<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-11T04:26:21Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding papyri links</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or helping confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mystery_Oath|''PSI'' 1162]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Mithraic_Catechism|''P.Berol.'' 21196]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#A_Lexical_Entry|''P.Oxy.'' 1802]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T04:20:17Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding lexical entry</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers. Faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Mithraic Catechism==<br />
<br />
This fourth century papyrus, P.Berol. 21196, from Hermopolis, was published by William M. Brashear in 1992, ''A Mithraic Catechism from Egypt &lt;P.Berol. 21196>'' (Wien: 1992). The word λεοντίῳ ultimately clinched it as a Mithraic text (pp. 13-16), while other words such as πατήρ and βόθρῳ had earlier suggested a Mithraic provenance. Brashear's publication is highly recommended for its extensive commentary and suggested restorations of several lines.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Verso || Recto<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br />
.........]υ̣οημις. ἐ̣ρ̣ε̣ῖ̣· π̣ο̣[ῦ<br><br />
.....ἐντ]αῦθ' ἀπορεῖ; λέγε· α[ +/- 7]<br><br />
......]λέγε· νύξ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ αν.[ +/- 5]<br><br />
....].σε; λέγε· π̣άντ̣α̣ τι ὑπερ̣...[..]<br><br />
..]κέκλησαι; λέγε· διὰ τὴν θερινὴν̣<br><br />
..].ι γενόμενος πυρώδεις ἔχει τὰς<br><br />
..]α̣βες; λέγε· ἐν̣ βόθρῳ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ σ̣ου<br><br />
..]ά̣τῳ λεοντίῳ. ἐρεῖ· ζώσεις ὁ ου<br><br />
]ν̣ θάνατον. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί ζωσάμεν̣[ος]<br><br />
.τ]οῦτο τ̣έσσαρα κράσπετα ε.[...]<br><br />
........] traces [<br><br />
||<br />
...................]..[<br><br />
.........] ὀ̣ξύτατον καὶ το̣π[.]ρ[..............................]<br><br />
..........]..σου πολύ̣ς. ἐρε̣ῖ̣·.[.......... +/- 27 ...........]<br><br />
......θ[ερμοῦ καὶ ψυχρο̣ῦ. ἐρε̣ῖ̣· [..... +/- 27 ..........]<br><br />
[π]ορφύρᾳ λίνῳ. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί; λέγε· [ +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
π̣ορφύρα ἀκμή, τὸ δὲ λίνον απ[...... +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
ἐσπαρ[ε]γανώθη̣; λ̣έγε· τὰ τοῦ σω[τῆρος ? +/- 11 ]<br><br />
ἐρεῖ· τίς ὁ πατήρ; λέγε· ὁ πάντα γε̣ν̣[νῶν .. +/- 13 ]<br><br />
ἐγένου λέων; λέγε· ταῖς τοῦ πατρ[ός .... +/- 14 ....]<br><br />
[..]λ̣έγε̣· ποτὸν καὶ τροφήν. ἐρε̣[ῖ·<br><br />
..............]τ̣ηνη ἐν τῇ ἑπτα̣[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|"... He will say: 'Where ... ?'<br><br />
'... he is/(you are?) there (then/thereupon?) at a loss?' Say: ...<br><br />
Say: 'Night'. He will say: 'Where ... ?' ...<br><br />
Say: 'All things ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... you are called ... ?' Say: 'Because of the summery ...'<br><br />
... having become ... he/it has the fiery ...<br><br />
(He will say): '... did you receive/inherit?' Say: 'In a pit'. He will say: 'Where is<br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">your ...?...</div><br />
(Say): '...(in the...) ''Leonteion''.' He will say: 'Will you gird?' The (heavenly?)<br><br />
...(Say): '... death'. He will say: 'Why, having girded yourself, ...?'<br><br />
'... this (has?) four tassels'.<br><br />
||<br />
'Very sharp and ...'<br><br />
'... much'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say: '... because of/through?) hot and cold'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say): '... red ... linen'. He will say: 'Why?' Say:<br><br />
'... red border; the linen, however, ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... has been wrapped?' Say: 'The savior's ...'<br><br />
He will say: 'Who is the father?' Say: 'The one who (begets?) everything ...' (He<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">will say): '('How ?)...</div><br />
did you become a ''Leo''?' Say: 'By the ... of the father'. ...<br><br />
Say: 'Drink and food'. He will say '...?'<br><br />
'... in the seven-...'."<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Lexical Entry==<br />
<br />
This late second/early third century papyrus, P.Oxy. 1802, contains a glossary on the verso, among whose entries one is for Mithras on ''l.'' 64, which reads:<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Μίθρας''' ὁ Προμηθεὺς κατὰ δ' ἄλλους ὁ ἥλιος παρὰ Περσ[αις ...<br />
<br />
'''Mithras:''' Prometheus, but according to others the Sun, among Persi[ans ...<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
!<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T04:05:14Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding catechism summary</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers. Faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Mithraic Catechism==<br />
<br />
This fourth century papyrus, P.Berol. 21196, from Hermopolis, was published by William M. Brashear in 1992, ''A Mithraic Catechism from Egypt &lt;P.Berol. 21196>'' (Wien: 1992). The word λεοντίῳ ultimately clinched it as a Mithraic text (pp. 13-16), while other words such as πατήρ and βόθρῳ had earlier suggested a Mithraic provenance. Brashear's publication is highly recommended for its extensive commentary and suggested restorations of several lines.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Obverse || Reverse<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br />
.........]υ̣οημις. ἐ̣ρ̣ε̣ῖ̣· π̣ο̣[ῦ<br><br />
.....ἐντ]αῦθ' ἀπορεῖ; λέγε· α[ +/- 7]<br><br />
......]λέγε· νύξ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ αν.[ +/- 5]<br><br />
....].σε; λέγε· π̣άντ̣α̣ τι ὑπερ̣...[..]<br><br />
..]κέκλησαι; λέγε· διὰ τὴν θερινὴν̣<br><br />
..].ι γενόμενος πυρώδεις ἔχει τὰς<br><br />
..]α̣βες; λέγε· ἐν̣ βόθρῳ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ σ̣ου<br><br />
..]ά̣τῳ λεοντίῳ. ἐρεῖ· ζώσεις ὁ ου<br><br />
]ν̣ θάνατον. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί ζωσάμεν̣[ος]<br><br />
.τ]οῦτο τ̣έσσαρα κράσπετα ε.[...]<br><br />
........] traces [<br><br />
||<br />
...................]..[<br><br />
.........] ὀ̣ξύτατον καὶ το̣π[.]ρ[..............................]<br><br />
..........]..σου πολύ̣ς. ἐρε̣ῖ̣·.[.......... +/- 27 ...........]<br><br />
......θ[ερμοῦ καὶ ψυχρο̣ῦ. ἐρε̣ῖ̣· [..... +/- 27 ..........]<br><br />
[π]ορφύρᾳ λίνῳ. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί; λέγε· [ +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
π̣ορφύρα ἀκμή, τὸ δὲ λίνον απ[...... +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
ἐσπαρ[ε]γανώθη̣; λ̣έγε· τὰ τοῦ σω[τῆρος ? +/- 11 ]<br><br />
ἐρεῖ· τίς ὁ πατήρ; λέγε· ὁ πάντα γε̣ν̣[νῶν .. +/- 13 ]<br><br />
ἐγένου λέων; λέγε· ταῖς τοῦ πατρ[ός .... +/- 14 ....]<br><br />
[..]λ̣έγε̣· ποτὸν καὶ τροφήν. ἐρε̣[ῖ·<br><br />
..............]τ̣ηνη ἐν τῇ ἑπτα̣[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|"... He will say: 'Where ... ?'<br><br />
'... he is/(you are?) there (then/thereupon?) at a loss?' Say: ...<br><br />
Say: 'Night'. He will say: 'Where ... ?' ...<br><br />
Say: 'All things ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... you are called ... ?' Say: 'Because of the summery ...'<br><br />
... having become ... he/it has the fiery ...<br><br />
(He will say): '... did you receive/inherit?' Say: 'In a pit'. He will say: 'Where is<br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">your ...?...</div><br />
(Say): '...(in the...) ''Leonteion''.' He will say: 'Will you gird?' The (heavenly?)<br><br />
...(Say): '... death'. He will say: 'Why, having girded yourself, ...?'<br><br />
'... this (has?) four tassels'.<br><br />
||<br />
'Very sharp and ...'<br><br />
'... much'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say: '... because of/through?) hot and cold'. He will say: ...?<br><br />
(Say): '... red ... linen'. He will say: 'Why?' Say:<br><br />
'... red border; the linen, however, ...'<br><br />
(He will say): '... has been wrapped?' Say: 'The savior's ...'<br><br />
He will say: 'Who is the father?' Say: 'The one who (begets?) everything ...' (He<br><br />
<div style="margin-left: 5%">will say): '('How ?)...</div><br />
did you become a ''Leo''?' Say: 'By the ... of the father'. ...<br><br />
Say: 'Drink and food'. He will say '...?'<br><br />
'... in the seven-...'."<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Lexical Entry==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T03:27:18Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding catechism</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers. Faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Mithraic Catechism==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Obverse || Reverse<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br />
.........]υ̣οημις. ἐ̣ρ̣ε̣ῖ̣· π̣ο̣[ῦ<br><br />
.....ἐντ]αῦθ' ἀπορεῖ; λέγε· α[ +/- 7]<br><br />
......]λέγε· νύξ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ αν.[ +/- 5]<br><br />
....].σε; λέγε· π̣άντ̣α̣ τι ὑπερ̣...[..]<br><br />
..]κέκλησαι; λέγε· διὰ τὴν θερινὴν̣<br><br />
..].ι γενόμενος πυρώδεις ἔχει τὰς<br><br />
..]α̣βες; λέγε· ἐν̣ βόθρῳ. ἐρεῖ· ποῦ σ̣ου<br><br />
..]ά̣τῳ λεοντίῳ. ἐρεῖ· ζώσεις ὁ ου<br><br />
]ν̣ θάνατον. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί ζωσάμεν̣[ος]<br><br />
.τ]οῦτο τ̣έσσαρα κράσπετα ε.[...]<br><br />
........] traces [<br><br />
||<br />
...................]..[<br><br />
.........] ὀ̣ξύτατον καὶ το̣π[.]ρ[..............................]<br><br />
..........]..σου πολύ̣ς. ἐρε̣ῖ̣·.[.......... +/- 27 ...........]<br><br />
......θ[ερμοῦ καὶ ψυχρο̣ῦ. ἐρε̣ῖ̣· [..... +/- 27 ..........]<br><br />
[π]ορφύρᾳ λίνῳ. ἐρεῖ· διὰ τί; λέγε· [ +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
π̣ορφύρα ἀκμή, τὸ δὲ λίνον απ[...... +/- 20 ..........]<br><br />
ἐσπαρ[ε]γανώθη̣; λ̣έγε· τὰ τοῦ σω[τῆρος ? +/- 11 ]<br><br />
ἐρεῖ· τίς ὁ πατήρ; λέγε· ὁ πάντα γε̣ν̣[νῶν .. +/- 13 ]<br><br />
ἐγένου λέων; λέγε· ταῖς τοῦ πατρ[ός .... +/- 14 ....]<br><br />
[..]λ̣έγε̣· ποτὸν καὶ τροφήν. ἐρε̣[ῖ·<br><br />
..............]τ̣ηνη ἐν τῇ ἑπτα̣[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==A Lexical Entry==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T02:08:24Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers. Faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-11T02:04:55Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding english translation</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="5"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣σαντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
.]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[I swear by him who separates] earth from heaven,<br><br />
[and darkness from light, a]nd day from night,<br><br />
[and rising from set]ting life from de-<br><br />
[and generation from] corruption, I swear<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
[to the gods which I beseech] to observe<br><br />
[and guard the] myst[eries] [transm]itted to me<br><br />
[and to honor the] father Sarapis<br><br />
[for whom there is closure (?), and] the herald of sacrifice Ka-<br><br />
[for whom it is to adjure, and<br><br />
[and the rest] of the brothers [who are with them].<br><br />
[May it go well for me who is] faithful and who swe]ars in<br><br />
[the presence (?) if any of these things] I should divulge.<br><br />
...the father...<br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br><br />
...to the initiate [the fa-<br><br />
er...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
||...<br><br />
...great voice...<br><br />
.................may<br><br />
[the father] draw together...<br><br />
.................four...<br><br />
...he teaches concerning the remaining...<br><br />
..to cry out, and may he stand...<br><br />
[of the] prize, and may he swear [through]<br><br />
[the] herald Astuda(mas?).<br><br />
An oath under a herald<br><br />
I swear by him who divides a[nd separates]<br><br />
the earth from heaven an[d darkness]<br><br />
[from] light and day from ni[ght]<br><br />
[and r]ising from setting and [life]<br><br />
[from] death and generation fro[m corruption]<br><br />
[and b]lack [f]rom light and drynes[s]<br><br />
[from wet]ness and ... from ... [and]<br><br />
bitter[ness] from sweatness and fles[h from]<br><br />
sou[l]: I swear to the [god]s which I b[eseech]<br><br />
to observe and gua[rd<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
...earth from heaven,<br><br />
...day from night,<br><br />
...life from de(ath?)<br><br />
...corruption, I swear.<br><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
...to observe<br><br />
...to me myst-<br><br />
...father Sarapis<br><br />
...herald of sacrifice<br><br />
...is the<br><br />
...brothers faithful to one's oath<br><br />
...<br><br />
...<br><br />
...Cautopates<br><br />
...with the sharp<br><br />
...seals<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
...of stars<br><br />
...you separate<br><br />
...he changed<br><br />
...and...<br><br />
...<br>...<br>...<br><br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-11T00:05:13Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: spelling</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
<br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or helping confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#Oaths|A Mystery Oath]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-10T07:26:24Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding mithraism link</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
<br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{PortalBox | title=''Mithraism in Egypt?'' | content=While attestation for the Roman cult of Mithras is rather meager in Egypt, some papyri do exist. Their association with the cult is not always certain, but they may be useful either in shedding light on new aspects of the cult or help confirm aspects otherwise attested.<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Mithraism#Oaths|A Mystery Oath]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-10T07:10:43Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..................................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
...................................]ητων.ν<br><br />
....................................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.....................................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-10T07:04:07Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: typos and format</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the new fragment indicate those lines used for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. Bartoletti also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει'''</span> <span style="color:lime">'''τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..............................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
.............................]ητων.ν<br><br />
............................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
...........................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br><br><br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-10T06:45:09Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding material</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152.<br />
<br />
This new fragment allowed him to make some fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Lines 1-6 can be restored with certainty (indicated in <span style="color:green">'''bold green'''</span>), the others a bit more speculatively (indicated in <span style="color:lime">'''bold light green'''</span>). Lines in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the fragment indicate those lines useful for the restoration. Lines 14-17a in the new fragment are pluses and suggest that the new fragment is secondary to PSI 1162. He also made some minor adjustments (in <span style="color:red">'''red'''</span>) to other parts of the text.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed PSI 1162 || New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[<span style="color:green">'''Ὀμνύω κατὰ τοῦ διχάσ'''</span>]αντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ σκότος ἀπὸ φωτὸς κ'''</span>]αὶ ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ ἀνατολὴν ἀπὸ δύσ'''</span>]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''νάτου καὶ γένεσιν ἀπὸ'''</span>] φθορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δὲ καὶ οὓς προσκυνῶ θ'''</span>]οὺς συντηρήσειν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ φυλάξει τὰ παραδ'''</span>]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ρια καὶ τιμήσειν ? τὸν'''</span>] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''ῷ τὸ μυεῖν ὑπάρχει, καὶ'''</span>] τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''....., ῷ τὸ ὁρκίζειν ὑ'''</span>]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''αὐτοῖς ὄντας λοιπο'''</span>]ὺς ἀδελφούς. Εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τι μέν μοι εὖ εἴη, ἐπιορ'''</span>]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
[<span style="color:lime">'''τία, ἐάν τι τούτων ἐκλαλ'''</span>]ήσω.<br><br />
........................<span style="color:red">'''τ]ὸν'''</span> <span style="color:red">'''π[ατέρα ?'''</span>..]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
...................................]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
...................................]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
...................................]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
...................................]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
...................................<span style="color:red">'''τῷ μ]ύστῃ ὁ πα-'''</span><br><br />
<span style="color:red">'''τὴρ'''</span>................................]σερ.ι<br><br />
...................................]<br><br />
...................................]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
................................]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
................................]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
................................]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
................................]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
..............................]ηκωσιν<br><br />
.............................]ητων.ν<br><br />
............................].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
...........................].[<br><br />
||[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]</span><br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: <span style="color:blue">ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br></span><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
]παρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-10T05:40:29Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding material</p>
<hr />
<div>==A Mystery Oath==<br />
<br />
This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152. This new fragment allowed him to make a fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. He also made some minor adjustments to other parts of the text. Below are both texts with restored lines.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! New Fragment || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[...]φ̣[.]η̣χ̣ε[<br><br />
[...]μ̣εγάλῃ φων̣[ῃ ..]...[.... ὁ πα-]<br><br />
[τὴρ τ]ὸ̣ν̣ μ̣έ̣στην π̣[ροσ]αγα̣γ̣έτω̣ [....]<br><br />
[...].α̣τ̣ω̣ντα ἐν̣ φ̣[.].μ̣ω τεσσα[....]<br><br />
[....]ε δ̣αῇ̣ περ̣ὶ τὸν λ̣είποντα[.....]<br><br />
[....] α̣ὐ̣τεῖν, καὶ στησάτω μέσ[ον ἐπὶ?]<br><br />
[τοῦ] δ̣ιαθέματος̣ καὶ ἐξορκούτω̣ [διὰ]<br><br />
[τοῦ] κήρυκος 'Ασ̣τ̣υ̣δά[μα]ντος.<br><br />
Ὅρκος ὑπ̣[ὸ κήρ]υ̣κος<br><br />
[Ὀ̣μν]ύω κατὰ τοῦ διχά̣αντος̣ κ[αὶ κρί-]<br><br />
[ναν]τ̣ος τὴν γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ κα[ὶ σκότος]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] φ̣ωτὸς κ̣α̣ὶ̣ ἡμέραν ἐκ νυ̣[κτὸς]<br><br />
[καὶ ἀ]νατολὴ̣ν ἀπὸ δύσεως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ζωὴν]<br><br />
[ἀπὸ] θ̣ανάτ̣ο̣υ̣ καὶ γένεσιν ἀπ[ὸ φθορᾶς]<br><br />
[καὶ μ]έλαν̣ [ἀ]π̣ὸ λευκοῦ καὶ ξηρὸ[ν ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ὑγρ]ο̣ῦ καὶ ε.[..].ον̣ ἀ̣π̣ὸ̣ ....[.. καὶ]<br><br />
[πικ]ρὸν ἀπὸ γ̣λ̣υκέως κ̣α̣ὶ̣ σ̣άρκ̣[α ἀπὸ]<br><br />
[ψυχ]ῆς: ἐπόμνυμαι δὲ καὶ οὓς π̣[ροσκυνῶ]<br><br />
[θεο]ὺς συντηρήσειν καὶ φυλά[ξει<br><br />
||<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ' νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
.]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
ὑ]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
.]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
.]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
.]ήσω.<br><br />
.]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
........]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
........]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
........]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
........]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
........]υστηοπα<br><br />
........]σερ.ι<br><br />
........]<br><br />
........]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
....]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
....]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
....]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
....]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
....]ηκωσιν<br><br />
....]ητων.ν<br><br />
......].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
.......].[<br><br />
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|<br><br />
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|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/MithraismSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Mithraism2009-03-10T04:34:24Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding mithraism papyri</p>
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<div><br />
==A Mystery Oath==<br />
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This third century Oxyrhynchus papyrus was published by Bartoletti as n. 1162 in ''Papiri, Greci e Latini'' (= PSI) X. While the text is quite fragmentary, it clearly records an oath taken in the context of some astral mystery cult (''l.'' 21, ἀστέρων). The καυτοπαυ (= Καυτοπάτου?) in ''l.'' 14 suggests that this may be a Mithraic text. Although, much better attested in other parts of the Roman empire, Roman Mithraism did have a (minimal) presence in Egypt (c.f. CIMRM 91-105). Then in 1937 Bartoletti published another papyrus fragment with substantially the same oath formula in "Frammenti di un rituale d'iniziazione ai misteri" in ''Annali della R. Scuoli Normale Superiore de Pisa'' (Pisa: 1937) 143-152. This new fragment allowed him to make a fairly certain restoration for the beginning of PSI 1162. Below are both texts with restored lines.<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || PSI 1162<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||]α̣ντος γῆν ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ<br><br />
]αι ἡμέραν ἐγ'νυκτὸς<br><br />
]εως καὶ ζωὴν ἀπὸ θα-<br><br />
] φ̣θορᾶς ἐπόμνυμαι<br><br />
]ους συντηρήσειν<br><br />
]εδομένα μοι μυστή-<br><br />
] πατέρα Σαραπίωνα<br><br />
-]τον ἱεροκήρυκα Κα-<br><br />
ὑ]ράρχει, καὶ τοὺς συν-<br><br />
-]υς ἀδελφούς. εὐορκοῦ(ν)-<br><br />
-]κοῦν[τι δὲ τ]ὰ ἐναν-<br><br />
-]ήσω.<br><br />
-]ον π̣[.......]ι ὁμοι-<br><br />
--------]καυτοπαυ<br><br />
--------]τ̣οῖς ὀξέσιν<br><br />
--------]σ̣φραγεῖδες<br><br />
--------]σημειῶσ̣ι̣<br><br />
--------]υστηοπα<br><br />
--------]σερ.ι<br><br />
--------]<br><br />
--------]μ' ἀστέρων<br><br />
----]λ̣ε διαστητε<br><br />
----]ν ἤμειβεν ον-<br><br />
----]η̣τε καὶ ενον<br><br />
----]τ̣ροματηρ<br><br />
----]ηκωσιν<br><br />
----]ητων.ν<br><br />
------].σ̣ο̣[<br><br />
-------].[<br><br />
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|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-09T08:37:42Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding hymn 14 link</p>
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<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Fourteen_.28VI 40-47.29|14]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_HymnsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/PGM Hymns2009-03-09T08:36:39Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding hymn 14</p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
The texts of the hymns differ slightly from what Preisendanz presents in the main body of the PGM editions, likely corrections for meter, style, and so on. Some of his modifications are more justifiable than others, so both the original PGM text as well as the modified version has been presented for each hymn. Highlighting in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the original text indicates what Preisendanz retained in his reconstruction. Highlighting in <span style="color:green">'''green'''</span> points out minor tweaks he made. The English translations under the "Original" column are directly from Betz. Those on the "Reconstructed" column are Betz translations with some modifications, where necessary, to conform the English with the reconstruction. Any questions about differences in the English texts should be settled by appeal to the Greek.<br />
<br />
==Hymn One (XII 244-252)==<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ <span style="color:green">'''φύεθ' ἅπαντα'''</span>,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ. ||τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ φύεται πάντα,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ.<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|<br><br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|Only one small stylistic difference, at the beginning<br>of line 251, φύεται πάντα was modified to φύεθ' <br>ἅπαντα, not changing the meaning.||Who molded the forms of the beasts [of the Zodiac]? Who found [their] routes.<br>Who was the begetter of fruits? Who raises up the mountains?<br>Who commanded the winds to hold to their annual tasks?<br>What Aion nourishing an Aion rules the Aions?<br>One deathless god. You are the begetter of all<br>and assign souls to all and control all,<br>king of the Aions and lord, [before] whom<br>mountains and plains together tremble, springs and streams of rivers<br>and valleys of earth and spirits, and [all things] that are.<br>High shining heaven trembles before you, and every sea,<br>lord, ruler of all, holy one, and master of all.<br>By your power the elements exist and all things come into being,<br>the route of sun and moon, or night and dawn&mdash;<br>all things in air and earth and water and the breath of fire.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Two (III 550-558)==<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|Δεῦρο <σύ>, παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε <παντός>,<br>Πάν, ὁ διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον {τῷ σεαυτοῦ} πνεύματι θε<ί>ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου, Μελιοῦχε<br>ὕδατος <ἐκ> βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ <τε καὶ> ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<ν><br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδὴ<ς> τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίοι, ἐῴοι, περιδινοπλανῆται·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς <σοι> δορ<υ>φοροῦσιν ἅπαντα.||<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό</span> μοι ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου περιστροφῇ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,<br><span style="color:blue">παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε παντός,<br>διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον τῷ σεαυτοῦ πνεύματι θε[ί]ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου,</span> φὺς εὐμεθόδως,<br><span style="color:blue">ὕδατος βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ, ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδῆ τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίου<ς> ἐῴου<ς>, περιδινοπλανήτα[ς]·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς δορυφοροῦσιν ἅπαντα</span>.<br />
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|Come thou, founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br> [the] All, who divides by your own divine spirit the universe;<br>first from the first born, Μελιοῦχε,<br>from water that's turbulent, who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water in addition to air, and in turn Ether<br> and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.||Come to me in your holy circuit of the holy spirit,<br>founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br>who have divided by your own divine spirit<br>first from the first born you appeared, created carefully,<br> from water that's turbulent,<br>who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water, air and in turn Ether<br>and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Three (IV 939-948)==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·<br>ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·</span><br>ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·<br><span style="color:blue">ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.</span><br />
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|<br><br />
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|Only the voces magicae have been removed, probably<br>unjustifiably considering the context.||Hail, serpent, and stout lion, natural Sources of fire<br>And hail, clear water and Lofty-leafed tree,<br>and you who gather up clover from golden fields of beans,<br>and who cause gentle foam to gush forth from pure mouths.<br>Scarab, who drive the orb of fertile fire, O self-generated one,<br>because you are two-syllabled, '''ΑE''', and are the first-appearing one,<br>nod me assent, I pray, because your mystic symbols of delcare,<br>'''ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·'''<br>Be gracious unto me, first-father, and may you yourself send strength<br> as my companion.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Four==<br />
<br />
This hymn was reconstructed by Preisendanz in such a wild and daring way that it is difficult to take it seriously. For this reason it is not included in this list, but if anyone really wants to see it, contact [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] and it will be added. To give one a sense of how daring a reconstruction it is, below are the components (from different papyri, no less!) he used to put it together,<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! Lines || || Excluded<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|PGM IV 436-61<br>PGM IV 1957-89<br>PGM VIII 74-81<br>PGM I 315-25,41/42||= A 1-25<br>= B 1-24<br>= C 1-8<br>= D 11-13||(A), without 18-19, 21; (B) without 26-27; (C) without 7-10, 12, 14-27;<br>(D) without 1-6, 9-11, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Five (III 198-229)==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
|+ <br />
! Reconstructed || Original<br />
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|ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ <span style="color:green">'''νάματ' αν[αύρω]ν'''</span>,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br><span style="color:green">'''ὦ'''</span> βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος <span style="color:green">'''ἔ[λθιος]'''</span><br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br><span style="color:green">'''ἵλαθι, δεσ]πο[τ' ἔχων] ε̣πι̣σ̣[οὶ φλόγ]ι̣νον̣ πυρό̣σ [ἀτμόν],'''</span><br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας.<br>κλῄζω, <span style="color:green">'''πρῶτο[ν τ]ὸν'''</span> Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, <span style="color:green">'''μέγιστε <καὶ>'''</span> αἰθέριε, κλῄζω {ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου} <σε> Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα <span style="color:green">'''βι̣[ου]ς̣ιδίω̣<ν>, Δι[ὸς]'''</span> ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν <span style="color:green">'''ἀέξαντα'''</span> καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν <span style="color:green">'''κόσμον μόνος'''</span> ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον <span style="color:green">'''<τὸν>'''</span> κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br><span style="color:green">'''(?)τῆ̣[ς] νυκτὸς <κ>αιροὺς ἰδέ̣ ἠοῦς'''</span> ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...<span style="color:green">'''ρων ἐπιθύματα̣ δά[φ]νης'''</span>,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα <span style="color:green">'''λύγ[ρόν,]'''</span><br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι <span style="color:green">'''...'''</span> κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος <span style="color:green">'''σιγᾷ [καὶ στ]έλλεται'''</span>, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]||ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ νάματα ν[ασμῶ]ν,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br>Σημέα βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος ἔ[σσο,]<br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br>........πο.....ε̣πι̣σ̣......ι̣νον̣ πυρε̣σ[ίθυμε],<br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας, [σὲ]<br>κλῄζω, πύριν[ο]ν Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, αἰθέριε, κλῄζω ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα βι̣.οσ̣ιδιω̣ αιρ̣... ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν δείξαντα καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν μοῦνος κόσμον ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br>το[ῖς] νυκτός <σ’> α[ἴ]ρουσι δι’ ἠ<χ>οῦς ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...[χαί]ρων ἐπίθυμα τὸ δά[φ]νου,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα λύτ[ειραν,]<br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι θεοὶ κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος σιγᾶ[ν ἐπιτ]έλλεται, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]<br />
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|||Keep silent, everyone, the voice that's in your mouths<br>O circling birds of air, keep quiet;<br>Cease frolicking, you dolphins, o'er the brine.<br>Stand for me, river streams and fountain [flows].<br>Now, birds of augery, stop everything beneath the sky.<br>May you in awe keep silence,<br>daimons 'mid the shades.<br>The world itself's astonished by the secret words.<br>King Semea, [father] of the world, be gracious to me,<br> O scarab, [I call you] immortal, golden-haired god,<br>O Scarab, marvel great to ev'ry god and man, <br>[be gracious, lord, who hold the fiery vapor in your power],<br>Lord of the [sunrise], risen fiery, Titan, I call [you],<br>flaming messenger of Zues, divine IAO<ref>i.e. Yahweh</ref>;<br>and you, too, who rule in heaven's realm, O Rafael,<br>who joy in sunrise, be a gracious god, O Abrasax;<br>and you, O greatest one, O heav'nly one, I call, and [you Michael], your helper,<br>who saves [his people's lives], the perfect eye of Zues,<br>and who has exalted nature and brought forth nature in its turn from nature.<br>And I call ... of the immortals ...<br>'''ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης'''<br>All-mighty is the god, but you are the greatest, immortal one;<br> I beg you, shine forth now, Lord of the world, Sabaoth,<br>who veil sunset from dawn, Adonai,<br>who, being a world, alone among immortals tour the world,<br>self-taught, untutored, through the world's midst traveling<br>to those who with a cry raise you at night. '''ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...''' who joy in laurel offering,<br>in gates of untamed Styx and Death the Arbiter,<br>You I adjure, god's seal, at whom all Olympos'<ref>Minor word order change to conform to the Greek lines</ref><br> deathless gods quake and daimons who stand forth preeminent,<br>for whom the sea is ordered to be silent when it hears.<br />
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==Hymn Six (IV 179-201)==<br />
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|Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,<br>γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, <span style="color:green">'''λαιλαφέτη'''</span>,<br><span style="color:green">'''νυκταστρ<ῆ>τα'''</span>, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, <span style="color:green">'''τειχοσεισμοποι<ησ>έ'''</span>,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,<br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν<br>δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός <span style="color:green">'''δέ'''</span> μοι ταύτην χάριν,<br>ἵν’ ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν <br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών.||<span style="color:blue">Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,</span><br>αβεραμενθωου (λόγος),<br><span style="color:blue">γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, λαιλαπετέ,<br>νυκταστράπτα, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, τειχοσεισμοποιέ,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,</span><br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br><span style="color:blue">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν</span><br>αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα.<br><span style="color:blue">δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός τε μοι ταύτην</span> τὴν <span style="color:blue">χάριν,<br>ἵν’, ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν,<br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών,</span> ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br><br />
εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.<br />
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|Mostly voces magicae excluded. The minor<br>tweaks in the reconstruction do not change<br>the meaning.||O mighty Typhon, ruler of the realm<br>above and master, god of gods, O lord<br>'''αβεραμενθωου''' (formula)<br>O dark's disturber, thunder's bringer, whirlwind,<br>night-flasher, breather-forth of hot and cold,<br>Shaker of rocks, wall-trembler, boiler of<br>the waves, disturber of the sea's great depth,<br>'''Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι,'''<br>I'm he who searched with you the whole world and<br>found great Osiris, whom I brought you chained.<br>I'm he who joined you in war with the gods<br>I'm he who closed heav'n's double gates and put<br>to sleep the serpent which must not been seen,<br>who stopped the seas, the streams, the river currents,<br>where'er you rule this realm. And as your soldier<br>I have been conquered by the gods, I have<br>been thrown face down because of empty wrath.<br>Raise up your friend, I beg you, I implore;<br>Throw me not on the ground, O lord of gods,<br>'''αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα''',<br>O grant me power, I beg, and give to me<br>this favor, so that, whensoe'r I tell<br>one of the gods to come, he is seen coming<br>swiftly to me in answer to my chants, '''ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br>εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.'''<br />
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==Hymn Seven (IV 261-273)==<br />
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|σὲ <span style="color:green">'''καλ<έ>ω'''</span>, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν <span style="color:green">'''οργιλον'''</span> διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω <span style="color:green">'''μέσον<εύ>οντ΄ {ων}'''</span> ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ <span style="color:green">'''<καλέω>'''</span> τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''<παμ>φοβερὸν'''</span> καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, <span style="color:green">'''<τε> κάτω <τε>'''</span> πάγους <span style="color:green">'''σκοτ<εε>ινοῦ'''</span>,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''ἐπεὐκταίων'''</span> Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br><span style="color:green">'''κεὐθὺς'''</span> ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι||<span style="color:blue">σὲ καλῶ, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν ὅπλον διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω μέσον τῶν ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν φοβερὸν καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, κάτω δὲ πάγους σκοτεινοῦ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ εὐκταίων Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br>καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι</span><br>(κοινά), ὅτι σὲ ἐξορκίζω γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·<br>Τυφῶν μέγιστε, ἄκουσόν μου, τοῦ δεῖνα, καὶ ποίησόν<br>μοι τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα· λέγω γάρ σου τὰ ἀληθινὰ ὀνόματα·<br>Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ· εἰσά-<br>κουσόν μου καὶ ποίησον τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα.<br />
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|I call you who did first control gods' wrath,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're clearly irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you, who hold sovereignty over the longed-for Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br>and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.||I call you who did first control gods' weapon,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're obscured<ref>Emended to ἄδηλον. See Betz 43, n. 62</ref>and irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you who, invoked by prayer,<ref>The Betz translation apparently emends to εὐκταίoν ἐπ’. See Betz 43, n. 63. The translation on this page has slightly changed the word order of the Betz version.</ref>hold sovereignty over the Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<ref>Punctuation changed to make more sense.</ref><br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br> and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.<br>(add the usual),<br>because I adjure you, '''γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·'''<br>Mighty Typhon, hear me, NN, and perform<br>for me the NN task· For I speak your true names·<br>'''Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ·''' listen<br>to me and perform the NN deeds.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Eight (I 296)==<br />
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|Ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, ἐλθὲ σὺν Παιήονι||O Lord Apollo, come with Paian!<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Nine (II 2-7)==<br />
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|Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.<br>εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐνθάδε δάφνης<br>[σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά·<br>καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύσειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ.||<span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο<br>νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.</span> αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα. λέγε τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ<br>αὐτὸ ἓν ὑφαιρῶν πτερυγοειδῶς. <span style="color:blue">εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐν-<br>θάδε δάφνης [σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά· καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύ-<br>σειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ·</span> λαητωνιον καὶ ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω, ἄναξ Ἄ-<br>πολλον Παιάν, [ὁ] τὴν νύκτα ταύτην κατέχων καὶ ταύτης δεσποτεύων, ὁ τὴν ὥ-<br>ραν τῆς εὐχῆς κ[α]ὐτῆς κρατῶν. ἄγετε, κραταιοὶ δαίμονες, συνεργήσατέ μοι σή-<br>μερον ἐπ’ ἀλ[η]θείας φθενγόμενοι σὺν τῷ τῆς Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱῷ.<br />
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|O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither.<br>Foretell, give prophecies amid night's hour.<br>If e'er with vict'ry-loving laurel branch here<br>from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen,<br>so may you now speed your way to me with truthful oracles.||"O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither. Foretell, give prophecies<br>amid night's hour: '''αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα'''" (Speak this name too,<br>leaving odd one letter in succession, so as to make a wing formation) "If e'er with<br><div style="margin-left: 5%"><br />
vict'ry-loving laurel branch</div>here from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen, so may you now<br>speed your way to me with truthful oracles, '''λαητωνιον''' and '''ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω''', lord<br> Apollo Paian, who control this night, who are master of it, who<br>hold the hour of prayer too. Come, mighty daimons, help me today<br>by truly speaking with the son of Leto and Zeus."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Ten (VI 22-38)==<br />
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|<span style="color:green">'''<Ἐλθέ, μάκαρ Παιάν> πανυπέρτατ’'''</span>, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον],<br><span style="color:green">'''<δεῦρ΄, ἐλθών μοι, χρυσοκό>μα'''</span> ϊεω επι Παιάν,<br><span style="color:green">'''αὐτός ἄναξ μολπῆς, μόλε μοι]'''</span>, πολυώνυμε <span style="color:green">'''Φοῖβε'''</span>,<br>Φοῖβε, [μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’<br>κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγεν <span style="color:green">'''βαρφαραγ<γ>ης'''</span><br><span style="color:green">'''αρβεθω, πολύμορφε'''</span>, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>‘Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.||<span style="color:blue">[—π]ανυπέρτατ’, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον]<br>.ω......... .μα ϊεω επι Παιάν<br>.ϊοευηϊη......η, πολυώνυμε,</span><br>ϊοαυ[.ακρακ]αναρβα, <span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε,<br>[μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’</span><br>εἶτα λέγε μελετῶν [τοῦ]το· ‘εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.’ εἶτα πρὸς κατά[δυσ]ιν ἡλίου ἐξαιτοῦ πάλιν·<br><span style="color:blue">‘κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις’,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης<br>καὶ αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.</span><br />
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|Come blessed Paian,] most supreme, [help] me;<br>come hither to me, golden-tressed] '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>the very lord of song, come thou to me,] O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour.<br>Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγεν βαρφαραγ<γ>ης,<br>αρβεθω, πολύμορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer.||"...most supreme, [help] me;<br>... '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>... O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour."<br>Then speak, declaiming this: '''εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.'''<br>Then at sunset make your request again:<br>"Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης,<br>αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Thirteen (VI 6-20)==<br />
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|<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἧς ποτε γευσάμενς'''</span> Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἀρτιτόμοις ἱερὰν'''</span>] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρυσείαις καὶ'''</span> σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Παρνησσοῦ'''</span> ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς πᾶσιν ἔδωκε θ]εοῖς'''</span>, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''σοι γὰρ ἐρασσάμενος μεγα]λόστονος'''</span> αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''μαντοσύνας ἐρεεῖν πόρε νύμφ]ῃ'''</span> παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δεῦρο τάχος μοι λισσο]μένῳ'''</span> ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''</span> δάφνης <span style="color:green">'''τὸν'''</span> θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς θεσπεσίους'''</span> π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''φῆνον πάντα λόγοις]ι̣'''</span> σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ὅπποτε τοῦτ' ἔσται]'''</span> τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δός μοι μαντοσύνην],'''</span> ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Δαμνώ, δεῦρο ἰὼ'''</span> δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα <span style="color:green">'''μ̣[όλει, <span style="color:green">βιάσ]ανδρα'''</span><br><br />
||<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[—Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[—] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[—σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[—ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[—] ἑοῖς, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[—]λόστονος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[—]η παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[—ἱε]μένῳ ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[—δάφνης θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[—π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[—α̣]ι̣ σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[—]ν̣ τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[—] ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[—δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα μ̣.......ανδρα<br><br />
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|[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
which] Phoebus [tasted once] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[freshly-cut] his [holy] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[and golden]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of Mount Parnassis], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[and gave to all] the gods [responses] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[For in the throws of grievous love], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[gave you, a nymph], dread virgin, power [to utter presages.<br><br />
Come quickly hither to me beseeching you] in holy measures<br><br />
[and] in my hands holding [a laurel leaf].<br><br />
Send me [divine responses] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [words], O priestess, [reveal all things]:<br><br />
both [when this will occur] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[Give me a presage,] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
Subduer, hither come! Lo you,] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [force!]<br />
||[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
.....] Phoebus [...........] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[...........] his [....] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[..........]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of ...............], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[...............] to his own [.........] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[..................................], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[................], dread virgin, power [.................<br><br />
........................................] in holy measures<br><br />
[...] in my hands holding [........ leaf].<br><br />
Send me [................] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [.....], O priestess, [.................]:<br><br />
both [....................] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[..................] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
.............................] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [......]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Fourteen (VI 40-47)==<br />
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|δάφνη, μαντο[σ]ύνης ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
Δάφνη παρθε[νι]κή, Δάφνη, Φοίβοιο ἑταίρη,<br><br />
δεῦρό μοι, ἔρχε[ο θ]ᾷσσον, ἔπειγέ μοι ἀείσασθαι<br><br />
θεσμοὺς θεσπ[εσί]ους,[<span style="color:green">'''καθαρὰς φήμας τ΄ ἀναφαίνειν,'''</span><br> <br />
νυκτὶ δ’ ἐνὶ δνοφερῇ [<span style="color:green">'''φέρε μοι θεσπίσματ΄ ἀληθῆ.'''</span><br><br />
||<span style="color:blue">δάφνη, μαντο[σ]ύνης ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
Δάφνη παρθε[νι]κή, Δάφνη, Φοίβοιο ἑταίρη,</span> Σαβαώθ, ϊαωαωο<br><br />
ϊαγχωθιπυλα μ̣ουσιάρχα οτονυπον,<br><br />
<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό μοι, ἔρχε[ο θ]ᾷσσον, ἔπειγέ μοι ἀείσασθαι<br><br />
θεσμοὺς θεσπ[εσί]ους, νυκτὶ δ’ ἐνὶ δνοφερῇ</span><br><br />
ρησαβααν· ααν...ανα· αανανααναναλααα· ααα· ααα.<br><br />
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|Laurel, Apollo's holy plant of presage,<br><br />
O virgin Laurel, Laurel, Phoibos' mistress,<br><br />
hither to me come quickly; haste to sing<br><br />
divine precepts to me [and to proclaim pure words<br><br />
and in dark night [bring me true sayings]<br><br />
||Laurel, Apollo's holy plant of presage,<br><br />
O virgin Laurel, Laurel, Phoibos' mistress, '''Σαβαώθ, ϊαωαωο'''<br><br />
'''ϊαγχωθιπυλα μ̣ουσιάρχα οτονυπον,'''<br><br />
hither to me come quickly; haste to sing<br><br />
divine precepts to me, and in dark night.<br><br />
'''ρησαβααν· ααν...ανα· αανανααναναλααα· ααα· ααα.'''<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn ()==<br />
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==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-09T08:16:59Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding english</p>
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<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
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! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
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|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
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|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||2-1-1 For no island is made for driving horses or has broad meadows, [''Od.'' 4.607]<br><br />
2-1-2<br><br />
2-1-3<br><br />
2-1-4<br><br />
2-1-5<br><br />
2-1-6 His gifts are hateful to me, and I honor him not a whit. [''Il.'' 9.378]<br><br />
2-2-1 an only beloved heir to many possessions, [''Il.'' 9.482; ''Od.'' 16.19 (?)]<br><br />
2-2-2<br><br />
2-2-3<br><br />
2-2-4<br><br />
2-2-5 So they thronged about him. And hear [''Od.'' 24.19]<r><br />
2-2-6 and fashioning lies out of what nobody could see. [''Od.'' 11.366]<br><br />
2-3-1 be valient, that later generations may also speak well of you. [''Od.'' 1.302]<br><br />
2-3-2 leaning on the grave market over a barrow heaped up by men [''Il.'' 11.371]<br><br />
2-3-3 go. You have a way, and beside the sea your ships [''Il.'' 9.43]<br><br />
2-3-4 You will be proved a liar, and will not go on to fulfill your words [''Il.'' 19.107]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of tears, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-5 And his mother for her part continued to lament amid a flood of years, [''Il.'' 22.79]<br><br />
2-3-6 Not even if remaining for five or six years [''Od.'' 3.115]<br><br />
2-4-1 So he spoke, and ordered Paian to administer a cure. [''Il.'' 5.899]<br><br />
2-4-2 These things, unhappy men, will I accomplish and do for you. [''Od.'' 11.80]<br><br />
2-4-3 Hoe can you propose to render toil useless and ineffectual? [''Il.'' 4.26]<br><br />
2-4-4 a thing delayed, late of fulfillment, whose fame will never perish. [''Il.'' 2.325]<br><br />
2-4-5 Sooner would you grow weary and return to your native land. [''Od.'' 3.117]<br><br />
2-4-6 to go, that he may bring poisonous drugs from there, [''Od.'' 2.329]<br><br />
2-5-1 Husband, you departed from life young, ans me behind as a widow [''Il.'' 24.725]<br><br />
2-5-2 in which way I will for sure accomplish everything and how it will be brought to pass, [''Il.'' 9.310 (?)]<br><br />
2-5-3 Offer me not honey-tempered wine, honored mother, [''Il.'' 6.264]<br><br />
2-5-4<br><br />
2-5-5<br><br />
2-5-6 Do not orphan your son and make your wife a widow. [''Il.'' 6.432]<br><br />
2-6-1 would that they might now eat their last and final meal here. [''Od.'' 4.685]<br><br />
2-6-2 it is not meet for a man who speaks in the Council to sleep all the night through, [''Il.'' 2.24]<br><br />
2-6-3 What's wrong with you, that you took this wrath into your heart? [''Il.'' 6.326]<br><br />
2-6-4 But who knows if he will one day return and punish them for their violent deeds? [''Od.'' 3.216]<br><br />
2-6-5 wives I will provide for both and furnish possessions [''Od.'' 21.214]<br><br />
2-6-6 we may try the bow and complete the contest. [''Od.'' 21.180]<br> <br />
|}<br />
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|+ <br />
! ||3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||<br />
|}<br />
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|+ <br />
! ||4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
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|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
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|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homerica2009-03-09T07:41:21Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homerica moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae: typo fix</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-09T07:41:21Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homerica moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae: typo fix</p>
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<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
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|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
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|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
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|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
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|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
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|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
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|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
||<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-09T07:40:57Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: typo</p>
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<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homericae'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homericae|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-08T04:04:49Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: link fix</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Thirteen_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homerica'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homerica|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-08T04:03:25Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: link to hymn 13</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:greek-gods-5.jpg|right]]<br />
<div align="center"><big><br />
Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
</big><br />
<br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:left; margin-left:0px"><br />
<br />
{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>''''''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 6-20.29|13]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div><br />
<div style="width:49.7%;float:right; margin-right:0px"><br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
<br />
*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homerica'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homerica|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_HymnsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/PGM Hymns2009-03-08T04:02:14Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding notes</p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
The texts of the hymns differ slightly from what Preisendanz presents in the main body of the PGM editions, likely corrections for meter, style, and so on. Some of his modifications are more justifiable than others, so both the original PGM text as well as the modified version has been presented for each hymn. Highlighting in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the original text indicates what Preisendanz retained in his reconstruction. Highlighting in <span style="color:green">'''green'''</span> points out minor tweaks he made. The English translations under the "Original" column are directly from Betz. Those on the "Reconstructed" column are Betz translations with some modifications, where necessary, to conform the English with the reconstruction. Any questions about differences in the English texts should be settled by appeal to the Greek.<br />
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==Hymn One (XII 244-252)==<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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! Reconstructed || Original<br />
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|τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ <span style="color:green">'''φύεθ' ἅπαντα'''</span>,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ. ||τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ φύεται πάντα,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ.<br />
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|<br><br />
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|Only one small stylistic difference, at the beginning<br>of line 251, φύεται πάντα was modified to φύεθ' <br>ἅπαντα, not changing the meaning.||Who molded the forms of the beasts [of the Zodiac]? Who found [their] routes.<br>Who was the begetter of fruits? Who raises up the mountains?<br>Who commanded the winds to hold to their annual tasks?<br>What Aion nourishing an Aion rules the Aions?<br>One deathless god. You are the begetter of all<br>and assign souls to all and control all,<br>king of the Aions and lord, [before] whom<br>mountains and plains together tremble, springs and streams of rivers<br>and valleys of earth and spirits, and [all things] that are.<br>High shining heaven trembles before you, and every sea,<br>lord, ruler of all, holy one, and master of all.<br>By your power the elements exist and all things come into being,<br>the route of sun and moon, or night and dawn&mdash;<br>all things in air and earth and water and the breath of fire.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Two (III 550-558)==<br />
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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! Reconstructed || Original<br />
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|Δεῦρο <σύ>, παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε <παντός>,<br>Πάν, ὁ διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον {τῷ σεαυτοῦ} πνεύματι θε<ί>ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου, Μελιοῦχε<br>ὕδατος <ἐκ> βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ <τε καὶ> ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<ν><br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδὴ<ς> τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίοι, ἐῴοι, περιδινοπλανῆται·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς <σοι> δορ<υ>φοροῦσιν ἅπαντα.||<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό</span> μοι ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου περιστροφῇ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,<br><span style="color:blue">παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε παντός,<br>διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον τῷ σεαυτοῦ πνεύματι θε[ί]ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου,</span> φὺς εὐμεθόδως,<br><span style="color:blue">ὕδατος βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ, ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδῆ τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίου<ς> ἐῴου<ς>, περιδινοπλανήτα[ς]·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς δορυφοροῦσιν ἅπαντα</span>.<br />
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|Come thou, founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br> [the] All, who divides by your own divine spirit the universe;<br>first from the first born, Μελιοῦχε,<br>from water that's turbulent, who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water in addition to air, and in turn Ether<br> and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.||Come to me in your holy circuit of the holy spirit,<br>founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br>who have divided by your own divine spirit<br>first from the first born you appeared, created carefully,<br> from water that's turbulent,<br>who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water, air and in turn Ether<br>and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Three (IV 939-948)==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto" border="0"<br />
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|χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·<br>ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·</span><br>ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·<br><span style="color:blue">ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.</span><br />
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|Only the voces magicae have been removed, probably<br>unjustifiably considering the context.||Hail, serpent, and stout lion, natural Sources of fire<br>And hail, clear water and Lofty-leafed tree,<br>and you who gather up clover from golden fields of beans,<br>and who cause gentle foam to gush forth from pure mouths.<br>Scarab, who drive the orb of fertile fire, O self-generated one,<br>because you are two-syllabled, '''ΑE''', and are the first-appearing one,<br>nod me assent, I pray, because your mystic symbols of delcare,<br>'''ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·'''<br>Be gracious unto me, first-father, and may you yourself send strength<br> as my companion.<br />
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<br />
==Hymn Four==<br />
<br />
This hymn was reconstructed by Preisendanz in such a wild and daring way that it is difficult to take it seriously. For this reason it is not included in this list, but if anyone really wants to see it, contact [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] and it will be added. To give one a sense of how daring a reconstruction it is, below are the components (from different papyri, no less!) he used to put it together,<br />
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|PGM IV 436-61<br>PGM IV 1957-89<br>PGM VIII 74-81<br>PGM I 315-25,41/42||= A 1-25<br>= B 1-24<br>= C 1-8<br>= D 11-13||(A), without 18-19, 21; (B) without 26-27; (C) without 7-10, 12, 14-27;<br>(D) without 1-6, 9-11, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27<br />
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<br />
==Hymn Five (III 198-229)==<br />
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|ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ <span style="color:green">'''νάματ' αν[αύρω]ν'''</span>,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br><span style="color:green">'''ὦ'''</span> βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος <span style="color:green">'''ἔ[λθιος]'''</span><br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br><span style="color:green">'''ἵλαθι, δεσ]πο[τ' ἔχων] ε̣πι̣σ̣[οὶ φλόγ]ι̣νον̣ πυρό̣σ [ἀτμόν],'''</span><br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας.<br>κλῄζω, <span style="color:green">'''πρῶτο[ν τ]ὸν'''</span> Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, <span style="color:green">'''μέγιστε <καὶ>'''</span> αἰθέριε, κλῄζω {ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου} <σε> Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα <span style="color:green">'''βι̣[ου]ς̣ιδίω̣<ν>, Δι[ὸς]'''</span> ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν <span style="color:green">'''ἀέξαντα'''</span> καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν <span style="color:green">'''κόσμον μόνος'''</span> ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον <span style="color:green">'''<τὸν>'''</span> κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br><span style="color:green">'''(?)τῆ̣[ς] νυκτὸς <κ>αιροὺς ἰδέ̣ ἠοῦς'''</span> ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...<span style="color:green">'''ρων ἐπιθύματα̣ δά[φ]νης'''</span>,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα <span style="color:green">'''λύγ[ρόν,]'''</span><br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι <span style="color:green">'''...'''</span> κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος <span style="color:green">'''σιγᾷ [καὶ στ]έλλεται'''</span>, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]||ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ νάματα ν[ασμῶ]ν,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br>Σημέα βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος ἔ[σσο,]<br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br>........πο.....ε̣πι̣σ̣......ι̣νον̣ πυρε̣σ[ίθυμε],<br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας, [σὲ]<br>κλῄζω, πύριν[ο]ν Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, αἰθέριε, κλῄζω ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα βι̣.οσ̣ιδιω̣ αιρ̣... ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν δείξαντα καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν μοῦνος κόσμον ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br>το[ῖς] νυκτός <σ’> α[ἴ]ρουσι δι’ ἠ<χ>οῦς ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...[χαί]ρων ἐπίθυμα τὸ δά[φ]νου,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα λύτ[ειραν,]<br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι θεοὶ κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος σιγᾶ[ν ἐπιτ]έλλεται, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]<br />
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|||Keep silent, everyone, the voice that's in your mouths<br>O circling birds of air, keep quiet;<br>Cease frolicking, you dolphins, o'er the brine.<br>Stand for me, river streams and fountain [flows].<br>Now, birds of augery, stop everything beneath the sky.<br>May you in awe keep silence,<br>daimons 'mid the shades.<br>The world itself's astonished by the secret words.<br>King Semea, [father] of the world, be gracious to me,<br> O scarab, [I call you] immortal, golden-haired god,<br>O Scarab, marvel great to ev'ry god and man, <br>[be gracious, lord, who hold the fiery vapor in your power],<br>Lord of the [sunrise], risen fiery, Titan, I call [you],<br>flaming messenger of Zues, divine IAO<ref>i.e. Yahweh</ref>;<br>and you, too, who rule in heaven's realm, O Rafael,<br>who joy in sunrise, be a gracious god, O Abrasax;<br>and you, O greatest one, O heav'nly one, I call, and [you Michael], your helper,<br>who saves [his people's lives], the perfect eye of Zues,<br>and who has exalted nature and brought forth nature in its turn from nature.<br>And I call ... of the immortals ...<br>'''ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης'''<br>All-mighty is the god, but you are the greatest, immortal one;<br> I beg you, shine forth now, Lord of the world, Sabaoth,<br>who veil sunset from dawn, Adonai,<br>who, being a world, alone among immortals tour the world,<br>self-taught, untutored, through the world's midst traveling<br>to those who with a cry raise you at night. '''ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...''' who joy in laurel offering,<br>in gates of untamed Styx and Death the Arbiter,<br>You I adjure, god's seal, at whom all Olympos'<ref>Minor word order change to conform to the Greek lines</ref><br> deathless gods quake and daimons who stand forth preeminent,<br>for whom the sea is ordered to be silent when it hears.<br />
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<br />
==Hymn Six (IV 179-201)==<br />
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|Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,<br>γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, <span style="color:green">'''λαιλαφέτη'''</span>,<br><span style="color:green">'''νυκταστρ<ῆ>τα'''</span>, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, <span style="color:green">'''τειχοσεισμοποι<ησ>έ'''</span>,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,<br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν<br>δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός <span style="color:green">'''δέ'''</span> μοι ταύτην χάριν,<br>ἵν’ ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν <br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών.||<span style="color:blue">Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,</span><br>αβεραμενθωου (λόγος),<br><span style="color:blue">γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, λαιλαπετέ,<br>νυκταστράπτα, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, τειχοσεισμοποιέ,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,</span><br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br><span style="color:blue">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν</span><br>αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα.<br><span style="color:blue">δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός τε μοι ταύτην</span> τὴν <span style="color:blue">χάριν,<br>ἵν’, ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν,<br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών,</span> ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br><br />
εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.<br />
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|Mostly voces magicae excluded. The minor<br>tweaks in the reconstruction do not change<br>the meaning.||O mighty Typhon, ruler of the realm<br>above and master, god of gods, O lord<br>'''αβεραμενθωου''' (formula)<br>O dark's disturber, thunder's bringer, whirlwind,<br>night-flasher, breather-forth of hot and cold,<br>Shaker of rocks, wall-trembler, boiler of<br>the waves, disturber of the sea's great depth,<br>'''Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι,'''<br>I'm he who searched with you the whole world and<br>found great Osiris, whom I brought you chained.<br>I'm he who joined you in war with the gods<br>I'm he who closed heav'n's double gates and put<br>to sleep the serpent which must not been seen,<br>who stopped the seas, the streams, the river currents,<br>where'er you rule this realm. And as your soldier<br>I have been conquered by the gods, I have<br>been thrown face down because of empty wrath.<br>Raise up your friend, I beg you, I implore;<br>Throw me not on the ground, O lord of gods,<br>'''αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα''',<br>O grant me power, I beg, and give to me<br>this favor, so that, whensoe'r I tell<br>one of the gods to come, he is seen coming<br>swiftly to me in answer to my chants, '''ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br>εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Seven (IV 261-273)==<br />
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|σὲ <span style="color:green">'''καλ<έ>ω'''</span>, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν <span style="color:green">'''οργιλον'''</span> διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω <span style="color:green">'''μέσον<εύ>οντ΄ {ων}'''</span> ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ <span style="color:green">'''<καλέω>'''</span> τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''<παμ>φοβερὸν'''</span> καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, <span style="color:green">'''<τε> κάτω <τε>'''</span> πάγους <span style="color:green">'''σκοτ<εε>ινοῦ'''</span>,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''ἐπεὐκταίων'''</span> Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br><span style="color:green">'''κεὐθὺς'''</span> ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι||<span style="color:blue">σὲ καλῶ, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν ὅπλον διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω μέσον τῶν ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν φοβερὸν καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, κάτω δὲ πάγους σκοτεινοῦ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ εὐκταίων Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br>καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι</span><br>(κοινά), ὅτι σὲ ἐξορκίζω γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·<br>Τυφῶν μέγιστε, ἄκουσόν μου, τοῦ δεῖνα, καὶ ποίησόν<br>μοι τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα· λέγω γάρ σου τὰ ἀληθινὰ ὀνόματα·<br>Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ· εἰσά-<br>κουσόν μου καὶ ποίησον τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα.<br />
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|I call you who did first control gods' wrath,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're clearly irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you, who hold sovereignty over the longed-for Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br>and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.||I call you who did first control gods' weapon,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're obscured<ref>Emended to ἄδηλον. See Betz 43, n. 62</ref>and irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you who, invoked by prayer,<ref>The Betz translation apparently emends to εὐκταίoν ἐπ’. See Betz 43, n. 63. The translation on this page has slightly changed the word order of the Betz version.</ref>hold sovereignty over the Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<ref>Punctuation changed to make more sense.</ref><br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br> and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.<br>(add the usual),<br>because I adjure you, '''γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·'''<br>Mighty Typhon, hear me, NN, and perform<br>for me the NN task· For I speak your true names·<br>'''Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ·''' listen<br>to me and perform the NN deeds.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Eight (I 296)==<br />
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|Ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, ἐλθὲ σὺν Παιήονι||O Lord Apollo, come with Paian!<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Nine (II 2-7)==<br />
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|Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.<br>εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐνθάδε δάφνης<br>[σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά·<br>καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύσειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ.||<span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο<br>νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.</span> αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα. λέγε τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ<br>αὐτὸ ἓν ὑφαιρῶν πτερυγοειδῶς. <span style="color:blue">εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐν-<br>θάδε δάφνης [σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά· καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύ-<br>σειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ·</span> λαητωνιον καὶ ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω, ἄναξ Ἄ-<br>πολλον Παιάν, [ὁ] τὴν νύκτα ταύτην κατέχων καὶ ταύτης δεσποτεύων, ὁ τὴν ὥ-<br>ραν τῆς εὐχῆς κ[α]ὐτῆς κρατῶν. ἄγετε, κραταιοὶ δαίμονες, συνεργήσατέ μοι σή-<br>μερον ἐπ’ ἀλ[η]θείας φθενγόμενοι σὺν τῷ τῆς Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱῷ.<br />
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|O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither.<br>Foretell, give prophecies amid night's hour.<br>If e'er with vict'ry-loving laurel branch here<br>from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen,<br>so may you now speed your way to me with truthful oracles.||"O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither. Foretell, give prophecies<br>amid night's hour: '''αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα'''" (Speak this name too,<br>leaving odd one letter in succession, so as to make a wing formation) "If e'er with<br><div style="margin-left: 5%"><br />
vict'ry-loving laurel branch</div>here from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen, so may you now<br>speed your way to me with truthful oracles, '''λαητωνιον''' and '''ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω''', lord<br> Apollo Paian, who control this night, who are master of it, who<br>hold the hour of prayer too. Come, mighty daimons, help me today<br>by truly speaking with the son of Leto and Zeus."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Ten (VI 22-38)==<br />
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|<span style="color:green">'''<Ἐλθέ, μάκαρ Παιάν> πανυπέρτατ’'''</span>, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον],<br><span style="color:green">'''<δεῦρ΄, ἐλθών μοι, χρυσοκό>μα'''</span> ϊεω επι Παιάν,<br><span style="color:green">'''αὐτός ἄναξ μολπῆς, μόλε μοι]'''</span>, πολυώνυμε <span style="color:green">'''Φοῖβε'''</span>,<br>Φοῖβε, [μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’<br>κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγεν <span style="color:green">'''βαρφαραγ<γ>ης'''</span><br><span style="color:green">'''αρβεθω, πολύμορφε'''</span>, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>‘Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.||<span style="color:blue">[—π]ανυπέρτατ’, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον]<br>.ω......... .μα ϊεω επι Παιάν<br>.ϊοευηϊη......η, πολυώνυμε,</span><br>ϊοαυ[.ακρακ]αναρβα, <span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε,<br>[μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’</span><br>εἶτα λέγε μελετῶν [τοῦ]το· ‘εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.’ εἶτα πρὸς κατά[δυσ]ιν ἡλίου ἐξαιτοῦ πάλιν·<br><span style="color:blue">‘κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις’,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης<br>καὶ αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.</span><br />
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|Come blessed Paian,] most supreme, [help] me;<br>come hither to me, golden-tressed] '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>the very lord of song, come thou to me,] O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour.<br>Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγεν βαρφαραγ<γ>ης,<br>αρβεθω, πολύμορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer.||"...most supreme, [help] me;<br>... '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>... O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour."<br>Then speak, declaiming this: '''εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.'''<br>Then at sunset make your request again:<br>"Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης,<br>αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Thirteen (VI 6-20)==<br />
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|<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''[ἧς ποτε γευσάμενς'''</span> Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἀρτιτόμοις ἱερὰν'''</span>] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρυσείαις καὶ'''</span> σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Παρνησσοῦ'''</span> ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς πᾶσιν ἔδωκε θ]εοῖς'''</span>, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''σοι γὰρ ἐρασσάμενος μεγα]λόστονος'''</span> αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''μαντοσύνας ἐρεεῖν πόρε νύμφ]ῃ'''</span> παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δεῦρο τάχος μοι λισσο]μένῳ'''</span> ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''</span> δάφνης <span style="color:green">'''τὸν'''</span> θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς θεσπεσίους'''</span> π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''φῆνον πάντα λόγοις]ι̣'''</span> σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ὅπποτε τοῦτ' ἔσται]'''</span> τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δός μοι μαντοσύνην],'''</span> ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Δαμνώ, δεῦρο ἰὼ'''</span> δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα <span style="color:green">'''μ̣[όλει, <span style="color:green">βιάσ]ανδρα'''</span><br><br />
||<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[—Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[—] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[—σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[—ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[—] ἑοῖς, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[—]λόστονος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[—]η παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[—ἱε]μένῳ ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[—δάφνης θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[—π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[—α̣]ι̣ σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[—]ν̣ τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[—] ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[—δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα μ̣.......ανδρα<br><br />
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|[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
which] Phoebus [tasted once] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[freshly-cut] his [holy] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[and golden]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of Mount Parnassis], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[and gave to all] the gods [responses] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[For in the throws of grievous love], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[gave you, a nymph], dread virgin, power [to utter presages.<br><br />
Come quickly hither to me beseeching you] in holy measures<br><br />
[and] in my hands holding [a laurel leaf].<br><br />
Send me [divine responses] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [words], O priestess, [reveal all things]:<br><br />
both [when this will occur] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[Give me a presage,] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
Subduer, hither come! Lo you,] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [force!]<br />
||[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
.....] Phoebus [...........] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[...........] his [....] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[..........]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of ...............], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[...............] to his own [.........] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[..................................], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[................], dread virgin, power [.................<br><br />
........................................] in holy measures<br><br />
[...] in my hands holding [........ leaf].<br><br />
Send me [................] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [.....], O priestess, [.................]:<br><br />
both [....................] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[..................] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
.............................] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [......]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_HymnsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/PGM Hymns2009-03-08T04:00:16Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: fix 13</p>
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<div>==Introduction==<br />
The texts of the hymns differ slightly from what Preisendanz presents in the main body of the PGM editions, likely corrections for meter, style, and so on. Some of his modifications are more justifiable than others, so both the original PGM text as well as the modified version has been presented for each hymn. Highlighting in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the original text indicates what Preisendanz retained in his reconstruction. Highlighting in <span style="color:green">'''green'''</span> points out minor tweaks he made. The English translations under the "Original" column are directly from Betz. Those on the "Reconstructed" column are Betz translations with some modifications, where necessary, to conform the English with the reconstruction. Any questions about differences in the English texts should be settled by appeal to the Greek.<br />
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==Hymn One (XII 244-252)==<br />
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|τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ <span style="color:green">'''φύεθ' ἅπαντα'''</span>,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ. ||τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ φύεται πάντα,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ.<br />
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|Only one small stylistic difference, at the beginning<br>of line 251, φύεται πάντα was modified to φύεθ' <br>ἅπαντα, not changing the meaning.||Who molded the forms of the beasts [of the Zodiac]? Who found [their] routes.<br>Who was the begetter of fruits? Who raises up the mountains?<br>Who commanded the winds to hold to their annual tasks?<br>What Aion nourishing an Aion rules the Aions?<br>One deathless god. You are the begetter of all<br>and assign souls to all and control all,<br>king of the Aions and lord, [before] whom<br>mountains and plains together tremble, springs and streams of rivers<br>and valleys of earth and spirits, and [all things] that are.<br>High shining heaven trembles before you, and every sea,<br>lord, ruler of all, holy one, and master of all.<br>By your power the elements exist and all things come into being,<br>the route of sun and moon, or night and dawn&mdash;<br>all things in air and earth and water and the breath of fire.<br />
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==Hymn Two (III 550-558)==<br />
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|Δεῦρο <σύ>, παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε <παντός>,<br>Πάν, ὁ διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον {τῷ σεαυτοῦ} πνεύματι θε<ί>ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου, Μελιοῦχε<br>ὕδατος <ἐκ> βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ <τε καὶ> ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<ν><br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδὴ<ς> τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίοι, ἐῴοι, περιδινοπλανῆται·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς <σοι> δορ<υ>φοροῦσιν ἅπαντα.||<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό</span> μοι ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου περιστροφῇ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,<br><span style="color:blue">παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε παντός,<br>διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον τῷ σεαυτοῦ πνεύματι θε[ί]ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου,</span> φὺς εὐμεθόδως,<br><span style="color:blue">ὕδατος βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ, ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδῆ τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίου<ς> ἐῴου<ς>, περιδινοπλανήτα[ς]·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς δορυφοροῦσιν ἅπαντα</span>.<br />
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|Come thou, founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br> [the] All, who divides by your own divine spirit the universe;<br>first from the first born, Μελιοῦχε,<br>from water that's turbulent, who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water in addition to air, and in turn Ether<br> and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.||Come to me in your holy circuit of the holy spirit,<br>founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br>who have divided by your own divine spirit<br>first from the first born you appeared, created carefully,<br> from water that's turbulent,<br>who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water, air and in turn Ether<br>and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.<br />
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==Hymn Three (IV 939-948)==<br />
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|χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·<br>ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·</span><br>ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·<br><span style="color:blue">ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.</span><br />
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|Only the voces magicae have been removed, probably<br>unjustifiably considering the context.||Hail, serpent, and stout lion, natural Sources of fire<br>And hail, clear water and Lofty-leafed tree,<br>and you who gather up clover from golden fields of beans,<br>and who cause gentle foam to gush forth from pure mouths.<br>Scarab, who drive the orb of fertile fire, O self-generated one,<br>because you are two-syllabled, '''ΑE''', and are the first-appearing one,<br>nod me assent, I pray, because your mystic symbols of delcare,<br>'''ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·'''<br>Be gracious unto me, first-father, and may you yourself send strength<br> as my companion.<br />
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==Hymn Four==<br />
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This hymn was reconstructed by Preisendanz in such a wild and daring way that it is difficult to take it seriously. For this reason it is not included in this list, but if anyone really wants to see it, contact [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] and it will be added. To give one a sense of how daring a reconstruction it is, below are the components (from different papyri, no less!) he used to put it together,<br />
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|PGM IV 436-61<br>PGM IV 1957-89<br>PGM VIII 74-81<br>PGM I 315-25,41/42||= A 1-25<br>= B 1-24<br>= C 1-8<br>= D 11-13||(A), without 18-19, 21; (B) without 26-27; (C) without 7-10, 12, 14-27;<br>(D) without 1-6, 9-11, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27<br />
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==Hymn Five (III 198-229)==<br />
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|ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ <span style="color:green">'''νάματ' αν[αύρω]ν'''</span>,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br><span style="color:green">'''ὦ'''</span> βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος <span style="color:green">'''ἔ[λθιος]'''</span><br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br><span style="color:green">'''ἵλαθι, δεσ]πο[τ' ἔχων] ε̣πι̣σ̣[οὶ φλόγ]ι̣νον̣ πυρό̣σ [ἀτμόν],'''</span><br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας.<br>κλῄζω, <span style="color:green">'''πρῶτο[ν τ]ὸν'''</span> Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, <span style="color:green">'''μέγιστε <καὶ>'''</span> αἰθέριε, κλῄζω {ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου} <σε> Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα <span style="color:green">'''βι̣[ου]ς̣ιδίω̣<ν>, Δι[ὸς]'''</span> ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν <span style="color:green">'''ἀέξαντα'''</span> καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν <span style="color:green">'''κόσμον μόνος'''</span> ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον <span style="color:green">'''<τὸν>'''</span> κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br><span style="color:green">'''(?)τῆ̣[ς] νυκτὸς <κ>αιροὺς ἰδέ̣ ἠοῦς'''</span> ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...<span style="color:green">'''ρων ἐπιθύματα̣ δά[φ]νης'''</span>,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα <span style="color:green">'''λύγ[ρόν,]'''</span><br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι <span style="color:green">'''...'''</span> κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος <span style="color:green">'''σιγᾷ [καὶ στ]έλλεται'''</span>, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]||ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ νάματα ν[ασμῶ]ν,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br>Σημέα βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος ἔ[σσο,]<br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br>........πο.....ε̣πι̣σ̣......ι̣νον̣ πυρε̣σ[ίθυμε],<br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας, [σὲ]<br>κλῄζω, πύριν[ο]ν Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, αἰθέριε, κλῄζω ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα βι̣.οσ̣ιδιω̣ αιρ̣... ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν δείξαντα καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν μοῦνος κόσμον ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br>το[ῖς] νυκτός <σ’> α[ἴ]ρουσι δι’ ἠ<χ>οῦς ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...[χαί]ρων ἐπίθυμα τὸ δά[φ]νου,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα λύτ[ειραν,]<br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι θεοὶ κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος σιγᾶ[ν ἐπιτ]έλλεται, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]<br />
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|||Keep silent, everyone, the voice that's in your mouths<br>O circling birds of air, keep quiet;<br>Cease frolicking, you dolphins, o'er the brine.<br>Stand for me, river streams and fountain [flows].<br>Now, birds of augery, stop everything beneath the sky.<br>May you in awe keep silence,<br>daimons 'mid the shades.<br>The world itself's astonished by the secret words.<br>King Semea, [father] of the world, be gracious to me,<br> O scarab, [I call you] immortal, golden-haired god,<br>O Scarab, marvel great to ev'ry god and man, <br>[be gracious, lord, who hold the fiery vapor in your power],<br>Lord of the [sunrise], risen fiery, Titan, I call [you],<br>flaming messenger of Zues, divine IAO<ref>i.e. Yahweh</ref>;<br>and you, too, who rule in heaven's realm, O Rafael,<br>who joy in sunrise, be a gracious god, O Abrasax;<br>and you, O greatest one, O heav'nly one, I call, and [you Michael], your helper,<br>who saves [his people's lives], the perfect eye of Zues,<br>and who has exalted nature and brought forth nature in its turn from nature.<br>And I call ... of the immortals ...<br>'''ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης'''<br>All-mighty is the god, but you are the greatest, immortal one;<br> I beg you, shine forth now, Lord of the world, Sabaoth,<br>who veil sunset from dawn, Adonai,<br>who, being a world, alone among immortals tour the world,<br>self-taught, untutored, through the world's midst traveling<br>to those who with a cry raise you at night. '''ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...''' who joy in laurel offering,<br>in gates of untamed Styx and Death the Arbiter,<br>You I adjure, god's seal, at whom all Olympos'<ref>Minor word order change to conform to the Greek lines</ref><br> deathless gods quake and daimons who stand forth preeminent,<br>for whom the sea is ordered to be silent when it hears.<br />
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==Hymn Six (IV 179-201)==<br />
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|Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,<br>γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, <span style="color:green">'''λαιλαφέτη'''</span>,<br><span style="color:green">'''νυκταστρ<ῆ>τα'''</span>, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, <span style="color:green">'''τειχοσεισμοποι<ησ>έ'''</span>,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,<br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν<br>δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός <span style="color:green">'''δέ'''</span> μοι ταύτην χάριν,<br>ἵν’ ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν <br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών.||<span style="color:blue">Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,</span><br>αβεραμενθωου (λόγος),<br><span style="color:blue">γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, λαιλαπετέ,<br>νυκταστράπτα, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, τειχοσεισμοποιέ,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,</span><br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br><span style="color:blue">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν</span><br>αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα.<br><span style="color:blue">δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός τε μοι ταύτην</span> τὴν <span style="color:blue">χάριν,<br>ἵν’, ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν,<br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών,</span> ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br><br />
εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.<br />
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|Mostly voces magicae excluded. The minor<br>tweaks in the reconstruction do not change<br>the meaning.||O mighty Typhon, ruler of the realm<br>above and master, god of gods, O lord<br>'''αβεραμενθωου''' (formula)<br>O dark's disturber, thunder's bringer, whirlwind,<br>night-flasher, breather-forth of hot and cold,<br>Shaker of rocks, wall-trembler, boiler of<br>the waves, disturber of the sea's great depth,<br>'''Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι,'''<br>I'm he who searched with you the whole world and<br>found great Osiris, whom I brought you chained.<br>I'm he who joined you in war with the gods<br>I'm he who closed heav'n's double gates and put<br>to sleep the serpent which must not been seen,<br>who stopped the seas, the streams, the river currents,<br>where'er you rule this realm. And as your soldier<br>I have been conquered by the gods, I have<br>been thrown face down because of empty wrath.<br>Raise up your friend, I beg you, I implore;<br>Throw me not on the ground, O lord of gods,<br>'''αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα''',<br>O grant me power, I beg, and give to me<br>this favor, so that, whensoe'r I tell<br>one of the gods to come, he is seen coming<br>swiftly to me in answer to my chants, '''ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br>εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.'''<br />
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==Hymn Seven (IV 261-273)==<br />
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|σὲ <span style="color:green">'''καλ<έ>ω'''</span>, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν <span style="color:green">'''οργιλον'''</span> διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω <span style="color:green">'''μέσον<εύ>οντ΄ {ων}'''</span> ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ <span style="color:green">'''<καλέω>'''</span> τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''<παμ>φοβερὸν'''</span> καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, <span style="color:green">'''<τε> κάτω <τε>'''</span> πάγους <span style="color:green">'''σκοτ<εε>ινοῦ'''</span>,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''ἐπεὐκταίων'''</span> Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br><span style="color:green">'''κεὐθὺς'''</span> ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι||<span style="color:blue">σὲ καλῶ, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν ὅπλον διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω μέσον τῶν ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν φοβερὸν καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, κάτω δὲ πάγους σκοτεινοῦ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ εὐκταίων Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br>καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι</span><br>(κοινά), ὅτι σὲ ἐξορκίζω γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·<br>Τυφῶν μέγιστε, ἄκουσόν μου, τοῦ δεῖνα, καὶ ποίησόν<br>μοι τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα· λέγω γάρ σου τὰ ἀληθινὰ ὀνόματα·<br>Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ· εἰσά-<br>κουσόν μου καὶ ποίησον τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα.<br />
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|I call you who did first control gods' wrath,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're clearly irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you, who hold sovereignty over the longed-for Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br>and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.||I call you who did first control gods' weapon,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're obscured<ref>Emended to ἄδηλον. See Betz 43, n. 62</ref>and irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you who, invoked by prayer,<ref>The Betz translation apparently emends to εὐκταίoν ἐπ’. See Betz 43, n. 63. The translation on this page has slightly changed the word order of the Betz version.</ref>hold sovereignty over the Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<ref>Punctuation changed to make more sense.</ref><br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br> and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.<br>(add the usual),<br>because I adjure you, '''γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·'''<br>Mighty Typhon, hear me, NN, and perform<br>for me the NN task· For I speak your true names·<br>'''Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ·''' listen<br>to me and perform the NN deeds.<br />
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==Hymn Eight (I 296)==<br />
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|Ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, ἐλθὲ σὺν Παιήονι||O Lord Apollo, come with Paian!<br />
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==Hymn Nine (II 2-7)==<br />
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|Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.<br>εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐνθάδε δάφνης<br>[σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά·<br>καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύσειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ.||<span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο<br>νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.</span> αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα. λέγε τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ<br>αὐτὸ ἓν ὑφαιρῶν πτερυγοειδῶς. <span style="color:blue">εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐν-<br>θάδε δάφνης [σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά· καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύ-<br>σειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ·</span> λαητωνιον καὶ ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω, ἄναξ Ἄ-<br>πολλον Παιάν, [ὁ] τὴν νύκτα ταύτην κατέχων καὶ ταύτης δεσποτεύων, ὁ τὴν ὥ-<br>ραν τῆς εὐχῆς κ[α]ὐτῆς κρατῶν. ἄγετε, κραταιοὶ δαίμονες, συνεργήσατέ μοι σή-<br>μερον ἐπ’ ἀλ[η]θείας φθενγόμενοι σὺν τῷ τῆς Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱῷ.<br />
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|O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither.<br>Foretell, give prophecies amid night's hour.<br>If e'er with vict'ry-loving laurel branch here<br>from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen,<br>so may you now speed your way to me with truthful oracles.||"O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither. Foretell, give prophecies<br>amid night's hour: '''αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα'''" (Speak this name too,<br>leaving odd one letter in succession, so as to make a wing formation) "If e'er with<br><div style="margin-left: 5%"><br />
vict'ry-loving laurel branch</div>here from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen, so may you now<br>speed your way to me with truthful oracles, '''λαητωνιον''' and '''ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω''', lord<br> Apollo Paian, who control this night, who are master of it, who<br>hold the hour of prayer too. Come, mighty daimons, help me today<br>by truly speaking with the son of Leto and Zeus."<br />
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==Hymn Ten (VI 22-38)==<br />
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|<span style="color:green">'''<Ἐλθέ, μάκαρ Παιάν> πανυπέρτατ’'''</span>, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον],<br><span style="color:green">'''<δεῦρ΄, ἐλθών μοι, χρυσοκό>μα'''</span> ϊεω επι Παιάν,<br><span style="color:green">'''αὐτός ἄναξ μολπῆς, μόλε μοι]'''</span>, πολυώνυμε <span style="color:green">'''Φοῖβε'''</span>,<br>Φοῖβε, [μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’<br>κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγεν <span style="color:green">'''βαρφαραγ<γ>ης'''</span><br><span style="color:green">'''αρβεθω, πολύμορφε'''</span>, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>‘Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.||<span style="color:blue">[—π]ανυπέρτατ’, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον]<br>.ω......... .μα ϊεω επι Παιάν<br>.ϊοευηϊη......η, πολυώνυμε,</span><br>ϊοαυ[.ακρακ]αναρβα, <span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε,<br>[μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’</span><br>εἶτα λέγε μελετῶν [τοῦ]το· ‘εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.’ εἶτα πρὸς κατά[δυσ]ιν ἡλίου ἐξαιτοῦ πάλιν·<br><span style="color:blue">‘κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις’,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης<br>καὶ αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.</span><br />
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|Come blessed Paian,] most supreme, [help] me;<br>come hither to me, golden-tressed] '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>the very lord of song, come thou to me,] O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour.<br>Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγεν βαρφαραγ<γ>ης,<br>αρβεθω, πολύμορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer.||"...most supreme, [help] me;<br>... '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>... O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour."<br>Then speak, declaiming this: '''εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.'''<br>Then at sunset make your request again:<br>"Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης,<br>αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Thirteen (VI 6-20)==<br />
<br />
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|<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''[ἧς ποτε γευσάμενς'''</span> Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἀρτιτόμοις ἱερὰν'''</span>] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρυσείαις καὶ'''</span> σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Παρνησσοῦ'''</span> ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς πᾶσιν ἔδωκε θ]εοῖς'''</span>, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''σοι γὰρ ἐρασσάμενος μεγα]λόστονος'''</span> αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''μαντοσύνας ἐρεεῖν πόρε νύμφ]ῃ'''</span> παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δεῦρο τάχος μοι λισσο]μένῳ'''</span> ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''</span> δάφνης <span style="color:green">'''τὸν'''</span> θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς θεσπεσίους'''</span> π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''φῆνον πάντα λόγοις]ι̣'''</span> σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ὅπποτε τοῦτ' ἔσται]'''</span> τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δός μοι μαντοσύνην],'''</span> ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Δαμνώ, δεῦρο ἰὼ'''</span> δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα <span style="color:green">'''μ̣[όλει, <span style="color:green">βιάσ]ανδρα'''</span><br><br />
||<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[—Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[—] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[—σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[—ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[—] ἑοῖς, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[—]λόστονος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[—]η παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[—ἱε]μένῳ ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[—δάφνης θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[—π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[—α̣]ι̣ σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[—]ν̣ τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[—] ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[—δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα μ̣.......ανδρα<br><br />
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|[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
which] Phoebus [tasted once] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[freshly-cut] his [holy] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[and golden]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of Mount Parnassis], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[and gave to all] the gods [responses] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[For in the throws of grievous love], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[gave you, a nymph], dread virgin, power [to utter presages.<br><br />
Come quickly hither to me beseeching you] in holy measures<br><br />
[and] in my hands holding [a laurel leaf].<br><br />
Send me [divine responses] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [words], O priestess, [reveal all things]:<br><br />
both [when this will occur] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[Give me a presage,] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
Subduer, hither come! Lo you,] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [force!]<br />
||[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
.....] Phoebus [...........] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[...........] his [....] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[..........]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of ...............], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[...............] to his own [.........] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[..................................], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[................], dread virgin, power [.................<br><br />
........................................] in holy measures<br><br />
[...] in my hands holding [........ leaf].<br><br />
Send me [................] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [.....], O priestess, [.................]:<br><br />
both [....................] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[..................] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
.............................] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [......]<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_HymnsSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/PGM Hymns2009-03-08T03:56:01Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: add hymn 13</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction==<br />
The texts of the hymns differ slightly from what Preisendanz presents in the main body of the PGM editions, likely corrections for meter, style, and so on. Some of his modifications are more justifiable than others, so both the original PGM text as well as the modified version has been presented for each hymn. Highlighting in <span style="color:blue">'''blue'''</span> in the original text indicates what Preisendanz retained in his reconstruction. Highlighting in <span style="color:green">'''green'''</span> points out minor tweaks he made. The English translations under the "Original" column are directly from Betz. Those on the "Reconstructed" column are Betz translations with some modifications, where necessary, to conform the English with the reconstruction. Any questions about differences in the English texts should be settled by appeal to the Greek.<br />
<br />
==Hymn One (XII 244-252)==<br />
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|τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ <span style="color:green">'''φύεθ' ἅπαντα'''</span>,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ. ||τίς μορφὰς ζώων ἔπλασε, τίς δὲ εὗρε κελεύθους;<br>τίς καρπῶν γεννητής, τίς δ’ οὔρεα ὑψόσ’ ἐγείρει;<br>τίς δὲ ἀνέμους ἐκέλευσεν ἔχειν ἐνιαύσια ἔργα;<br>τίς δὲ Αἰὼν Αἰ<ῶ>να τρέφων Αἰῶσιν ἀνάσσει;<br>εἷς θεὸς ἀθάνατος· πάντων γεννήτωρ σὺ πέφυκας<br>καὶ πᾶσιν ψυχὰς σὺ νέμεις καὶ πάντα κρατύνεις,<br>Αἰώνων βασιλεῦ καὶ κύριε, ὃν καὶ τρέμουσιν<br>οὔρεα σὺν πεδίοις, πηγῶν ποταμῶν τε τὰ ῥεῖθρα<br>καὶ βῆσσαι γαίης <κ>αὶ πνεύματα, πάντα τὰ φύντα.<br>οὐρανὸς ὑψιφαής σε τρέμει καὶ πᾶσα θάλασσα,<br>κύριε, παντοκράτωρ ἅγιε καὶ δέσποτα πάντων.<br>σῇ δυνάμει στοιχεῖα πέλει καὶ φύεται πάντα,<br>ἠελίου μήνης τε δρόμος νυκτός τε καὶ ἠοῦς,<br>ἀέρι καὶ γαίᾳ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ πυρὸς ἀτμῷ.<br />
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|Only one small stylistic difference, at the beginning<br>of line 251, φύεται πάντα was modified to φύεθ' <br>ἅπαντα, not changing the meaning.||Who molded the forms of the beasts [of the Zodiac]? Who found [their] routes.<br>Who was the begetter of fruits? Who raises up the mountains?<br>Who commanded the winds to hold to their annual tasks?<br>What Aion nourishing an Aion rules the Aions?<br>One deathless god. You are the begetter of all<br>and assign souls to all and control all,<br>king of the Aions and lord, [before] whom<br>mountains and plains together tremble, springs and streams of rivers<br>and valleys of earth and spirits, and [all things] that are.<br>High shining heaven trembles before you, and every sea,<br>lord, ruler of all, holy one, and master of all.<br>By your power the elements exist and all things come into being,<br>the route of sun and moon, or night and dawn&mdash;<br>all things in air and earth and water and the breath of fire.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Two (III 550-558)==<br />
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|Δεῦρο <σύ>, παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε <παντός>,<br>Πάν, ὁ διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον {τῷ σεαυτοῦ} πνεύματι θε<ί>ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου, Μελιοῦχε<br>ὕδατος <ἐκ> βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ <τε καὶ> ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<ν><br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδὴ<ς> τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίοι, ἐῴοι, περιδινοπλανῆται·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς <σοι> δορ<υ>φοροῦσιν ἅπαντα.||<span style="color:blue">δεῦρό</span> μοι ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου περιστροφῇ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος,<br><span style="color:blue">παντὸς κτίστα, θεῶν θεέ, κοίρανε παντός,<br>διαστήσας τὸν κόσμον τῷ σεαυτοῦ πνεύματι θε[ί]ῳ·<br>πρῶτος δ’ ἐξεφάνης ἐκ πρωτογόνου,</span> φὺς εὐμεθόδως,<br><span style="color:blue">ὕδατος βιαίου, ὁ τὰ πάντα κτίσας· ἄβυσσον,<br>γαῖαν, πῦρ, ὕδωρ, ἀέρα καὶ πάλιν αἶθρα<br>καὶ ποταμοὺ<ς> κελάδοντα<ς>, ὑσγηνοϊδῆ τε σελήνη<ν>,<br>ἀστέρας ἀερίου<ς> ἐῴου<ς>, περιδινοπλανήτα[ς]·<br>αὐταῖς σαῖς βουλαῖς δορυφοροῦσιν ἅπαντα</span>.<br />
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|Come thou, founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br> [the] All, who divides by your own divine spirit the universe;<br>first from the first born, Μελιοῦχε,<br>from water that's turbulent, who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water in addition to air, and in turn Ether<br> and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.||Come to me in your holy circuit of the holy spirit,<br>founder of the world, O god of gods, lord of the world,<br>who have divided by your own divine spirit<br>first from the first born you appeared, created carefully,<br> from water that's turbulent,<br>who founded all the world: Abyss,<br> earth, fire, water, air and in turn Ether<br>and roaring rivers, red-faced moon,<br>Heaven's stars, morning stars, the whirling planets.<br>'Tis by your counsels they attend all things.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Three (IV 939-948)==<br />
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|χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·<br>ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.||<span style="color:blue">χαῖρε, δράκων ἀκμαῖέ {δὲ} λέων, φυσικαὶ πυρὸς ἀρχή,<br>χαῖρε δέ, λευκὸν ὕδωρ καὶ δένδρεον ὑψιπέτηλον<br>καὶ χρυσοῦ κυαμῶνος ἀναθροΐσκων μελίλωτον,<br>καὶ καθαρῶν στομάτων ἀφρὸν ἥμερον ἐξαναβλύζων,<br>κάνθαρε, κύκλον ἄγων σπορίμου πυρός, αὐτογένεθλε,<br>ὅστε δισύλλαβος εἶ, ΑΗ, καὶ πρωτοφανὴς εἶ,<br>νεῦσον ἐμοί, λίτομαι, ὅτι σύμβολα μυστικὰ φράζω·</span><br>ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·<br><span style="color:blue">ἵλαθί μοι, προπάτωρ, καί μοι σθένος αὐτὸς ὀπάζοις.</span><br />
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|Only the voces magicae have been removed, probably<br>unjustifiably considering the context.||Hail, serpent, and stout lion, natural Sources of fire<br>And hail, clear water and Lofty-leafed tree,<br>and you who gather up clover from golden fields of beans,<br>and who cause gentle foam to gush forth from pure mouths.<br>Scarab, who drive the orb of fertile fire, O self-generated one,<br>because you are two-syllabled, '''ΑE''', and are the first-appearing one,<br>nod me assent, I pray, because your mystic symbols of delcare,<br>'''ηω αι ου αμερρ οουωθ· ιυϊωη· Μαρμαραυώθ· Λαϊλαμ· σουμαρτα·'''<br>Be gracious unto me, first-father, and may you yourself send strength<br> as my companion.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Four==<br />
<br />
This hymn was reconstructed by Preisendanz in such a wild and daring way that it is difficult to take it seriously. For this reason it is not included in this list, but if anyone really wants to see it, contact [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] and it will be added. To give one a sense of how daring a reconstruction it is, below are the components (from different papyri, no less!) he used to put it together,<br />
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|PGM IV 436-61<br>PGM IV 1957-89<br>PGM VIII 74-81<br>PGM I 315-25,41/42||= A 1-25<br>= B 1-24<br>= C 1-8<br>= D 11-13||(A), without 18-19, 21; (B) without 26-27; (C) without 7-10, 12, 14-27;<br>(D) without 1-6, 9-11, 18, 21, 22, 26, 27<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Five (III 198-229)==<br />
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|ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ <span style="color:green">'''νάματ' αν[αύρω]ν'''</span>,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br><span style="color:green">'''ὦ'''</span> βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος <span style="color:green">'''ἔ[λθιος]'''</span><br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br><span style="color:green">'''ἵλαθι, δεσ]πο[τ' ἔχων] ε̣πι̣σ̣[οὶ φλόγ]ι̣νον̣ πυρό̣σ [ἀτμόν],'''</span><br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας.<br>κλῄζω, <span style="color:green">'''πρῶτο[ν τ]ὸν'''</span> Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, <span style="color:green">'''μέγιστε <καὶ>'''</span> αἰθέριε, κλῄζω {ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου} <σε> Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα <span style="color:green">'''βι̣[ου]ς̣ιδίω̣<ν>, Δι[ὸς]'''</span> ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν <span style="color:green">'''ἀέξαντα'''</span> καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν <span style="color:green">'''κόσμον μόνος'''</span> ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον <span style="color:green">'''<τὸν>'''</span> κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br><span style="color:green">'''(?)τῆ̣[ς] νυκτὸς <κ>αιροὺς ἰδέ̣ ἠοῦς'''</span> ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...<span style="color:green">'''ρων ἐπιθύματα̣ δά[φ]νης'''</span>,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα <span style="color:green">'''λύγ[ρόν,]'''</span><br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι <span style="color:green">'''...'''</span> κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος <span style="color:green">'''σιγᾷ [καὶ στ]έλλεται'''</span>, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]||ἥσυχον ἐν στομάτεσσι πάντες κατερύκετε φ[ωνήν·]<br>αἰθέρος ἀμφίδρομοι σιγὴν ὄρνιθες ἔχοιτε,<br>σκιρτῶντες, δελφῖνες, ὑπὲρ ἁλίοιο παύεσθε,<br>μείνατέ μοι, ποταμῶν τε ῥοαὶ καὶ νάματα ν[ασμῶ]ν,<br>οἰωνοὶ πτηνοί, νῦν στήσατε πάντα ὑπ’ αἶθραν,<br>ἑρπετὰ φωλειοῖσι βοὴν ἀΐοντα φοβεῖσθε,<br>δαίμονες ἐν φθιμέν[ο]ις, σιγὴν τρομέοντες ἔ[χοιτ]ε,<br>ἀρρήτοις ἔπεσιν κόσμ[ος] ξει[νί]ζ̣εται αὐτός.<br>Σημέα βασιλεῦ, κόσμου [γενέτω]ρ, ἐμοὶ ἵλαος ἔ[σσο,]<br>κάν[θαρε, χ]ρυσοκόμην κλ̣[ῄζω θεὸν] ἀθάνατόν <σε>,<br>κάν[θαρε, π]ᾶσι θεοῖσι καὶ [ἀνθρώ]ποις μέγα θα[ῦμα,]<br>........πο.....ε̣πι̣σ̣......ι̣νον̣ πυρε̣σ[ίθυμε],<br>δέσποτα ἀν[τολίης], Τίταν, πυροεὶς ἀνατε[ί]λας, [σὲ]<br>κλῄζω, πύριν[ο]ν Διὸς ἄγγελον, θε<ῖ>ον Ἰάω,<br>καί σε, τὸν οὐράνιον κόσμον κατέχοντα, Ῥ[αφαήλ,]<br>ἀντολίῃς χαίρ[ω]ν, θεὸς ἵλαος ἔσ<σ>ο, Ἀβρασά[ξ,]<br>καί σε, αἰθέριε, κλῄζω ἀ[ρ]ωγόν σου Μ[ιχαήλ]<br>καὶ σώζοντα βι̣.οσ̣ιδιω̣ αιρ̣... ὄμμα τέλ[ειον]<br>καὶ φύσιν δείξαντα καὶ ἐκ φύσεως φύσιν α[ὖθις,]<br>καὶ κλῄζω ἀθανάτων ...ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης·<br>παντοκράτωρ θεός ἐστι, σὺ δ’, ἀθάνατ’, ἔσσι μέγι[στος·]<br>ἱκνοῦμαι, νῦν λάμψον, ἄναξ κόσμοιο, Σα[βαώθ,]<br>ὃς δύσιν ἀντολίῃσιν ἐπισκεπάζε<ι>ς, Ἀδωνα[ί,]<br>κόσμος ἐὼν μοῦνος κόσμον ἀθανάτων ἐ[φοδε]ύεις,<br>αὐτομαθής, ἀδίδακτος μέσον κόσμον ἐλ[αύνων]<br>το[ῖς] νυκτός <σ’> α[ἴ]ρουσι δι’ ἠ<χ>οῦς ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...[χαί]ρων ἐπίθυμα τὸ δά[φ]νου,<br>καὶ Στυγὸς ἀδ[μήτοιο] πύλας καὶ Κῆρα λύτ[ειραν,]<br>ὁρκίζω σε, σφραγῖδ[α θ]ε[οῦ], ὃν πάντες Ὀλύμ[που]<br>ἀθάνατοι φρίσσο[υσι θεοὶ κ]αὶ δαίμονες ἔξοχ’ ἄρ[ιστοι]<br>κ[αὶ] πέλαγος σιγᾶ[ν ἐπιτ]έλλεται, ὁππότ’ ἀκού[ει·]<br />
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|||Keep silent, everyone, the voice that's in your mouths<br>O circling birds of air, keep quiet;<br>Cease frolicking, you dolphins, o'er the brine.<br>Stand for me, river streams and fountain [flows].<br>Now, birds of augery, stop everything beneath the sky.<br>May you in awe keep silence,<br>daimons 'mid the shades.<br>The world itself's astonished by the secret words.<br>King Semea, [father] of the world, be gracious to me,<br> O scarab, [I call you] immortal, golden-haired god,<br>O Scarab, marvel great to ev'ry god and man, <br>[be gracious, lord, who hold the fiery vapor in your power],<br>Lord of the [sunrise], risen fiery, Titan, I call [you],<br>flaming messenger of Zues, divine IAO<ref>i.e. Yahweh</ref>;<br>and you, too, who rule in heaven's realm, O Rafael,<br>who joy in sunrise, be a gracious god, O Abrasax;<br>and you, O greatest one, O heav'nly one, I call, and [you Michael], your helper,<br>who saves [his people's lives], the perfect eye of Zues,<br>and who has exalted nature and brought forth nature in its turn from nature.<br>And I call ... of the immortals ...<br>'''ο̣π̣ασ̣ηηπ̣α σεσε[νγενβ]αρφαραγγης'''<br>All-mighty is the god, but you are the greatest, immortal one;<br> I beg you, shine forth now, Lord of the world, Sabaoth,<br>who veil sunset from dawn, Adonai,<br>who, being a world, alone among immortals tour the world,<br>self-taught, untutored, through the world's midst traveling<br>to those who with a cry raise you at night. '''ακραμμαχ[αρι,]<br>κα̣.............κ̣...''' who joy in laurel offering,<br>in gates of untamed Styx and Death the Arbiter,<br>You I adjure, god's seal, at whom all Olympos'<ref>Minor word order change to conform to the Greek lines</ref><br> deathless gods quake and daimons who stand forth preeminent,<br>for whom the sea is ordered to be silent when it hears.<br />
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==Hymn Six (IV 179-201)==<br />
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|Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,<br>γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, <span style="color:green">'''λαιλαφέτη'''</span>,<br><span style="color:green">'''νυκταστρ<ῆ>τα'''</span>, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, <span style="color:green">'''τειχοσεισμοποι<ησ>έ'''</span>,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,<br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν<br>δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός <span style="color:green">'''δέ'''</span> μοι ταύτην χάριν,<br>ἵν’ ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν <br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών.||<span style="color:blue">Κραταιὲ Τυφῶν, τῆς ἄνω σκηπτουχίας<br>σκηπτοῦχε καὶ δυνάστα, θεὲ θεῶν, ἄναξ,</span><br>αβεραμενθωου (λόγος),<br><span style="color:blue">γνοφεντινάκτα, βρονταγωγέ, λαιλαπετέ,<br>νυκταστράπτα, ψυχ<ρ>οθερμοφύσησε,<br>πετρεντινάκτα, τειχοσεισμοποιέ,<br>κοχλαζοκύμων, βυθοταραξοκίνησε,</span><br>Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι·<br><span style="color:blue">ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι τὴν ὅλην οἰκουμένην<br>ἀνασκαλεύσας καὶ ἐξευρὼν τὸν μέγαν<br>Ὄσιριν, ὅν σοι δέσμιον προσήνεγκα.<br>ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ σύν σοι συμμαχήσας τοῖς θεοῖς<br>· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ κλείσας οὐρανοῦ δισσὰς πτύχας<br>καὶ κοιμίσας δράκοντα τὸν ἀθεώρητον,<br>στήσας θάλασσαν, ῥεῖθρα, ποταμῶν νάματα,<br>ἄχρις οὗ κυριεύσῃς τῆσδε τῆς σκηπτουχίας.<br>ὁ σὸς στρατιώτης ὑπὸ θεῶν νενίκημαι,<br>πρηνὴς ῥέριμμαι μηνίδος εἵνεκεν κενῆς.<br>ἔγειρον, ἱκετῶ, τὸν σόν, ἱκνοῦμαι, φίλον<br>καὶ μ[ή] με ῥίψῃς χθονοριφῆ, ἄναξ θεῶν</span><br>αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα.<br><span style="color:blue">δυνάμωσον, ἱκετῶ, δός τε μοι ταύτην</span> τὴν <span style="color:blue">χάριν,<br>ἵν’, ὅταν τινὰ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν φράσω μολεῖν,<br>ἐμαῖς ἀοιδαῖς θᾷττον ὀφθῇ μοι μολών,</span> ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br><br />
εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.<br />
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|Mostly voces magicae excluded. The minor<br>tweaks in the reconstruction do not change<br>the meaning.||O mighty Typhon, ruler of the realm<br>above and master, god of gods, O lord<br>'''αβεραμενθωου''' (formula)<br>O dark's disturber, thunder's bringer, whirlwind,<br>night-flasher, breather-forth of hot and cold,<br>Shaker of rocks, wall-trembler, boiler of<br>the waves, disturber of the sea's great depth,<br>'''Ἰωερβήτ αυ ταυϊ μηνι,'''<br>I'm he who searched with you the whole world and<br>found great Osiris, whom I brought you chained.<br>I'm he who joined you in war with the gods<br>I'm he who closed heav'n's double gates and put<br>to sleep the serpent which must not been seen,<br>who stopped the seas, the streams, the river currents,<br>where'er you rule this realm. And as your soldier<br>I have been conquered by the gods, I have<br>been thrown face down because of empty wrath.<br>Raise up your friend, I beg you, I implore;<br>Throw me not on the ground, O lord of gods,<br>'''αεμιναεβαρωθερρεθωραβεανιμεα''',<br>O grant me power, I beg, and give to me<br>this favor, so that, whensoe'r I tell<br>one of the gods to come, he is seen coming<br>swiftly to me in answer to my chants, '''ναϊνε βασαναπτατου<br>εαπτου μηνωφαεσμη παπτου μηνωφ·<br>αεσιμη· τραυαπτι· πευχρη· τραυαρα· πτου-<br>μηφ· μουραι· ανχουχαφαπτα· μουρσα·<br>αραμει· Ἰάω· αθθαραυϊ μηνοκερ· βορο<br>πτουμηθ· ατ ταυϊ μηνι χαρχαρα· πτου-<br>μαυ· λαλαψα· τραυϊ τραυεψε μαμω<br>φορτουχα· αεηιο ϊου οηωα· εαϊ αεηι<br>ωι ιαω αηι αι ιαω.'''<br />
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==Hymn Seven (IV 261-273)==<br />
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|σὲ <span style="color:green">'''καλ<έ>ω'''</span>, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν <span style="color:green">'''οργιλον'''</span> διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω <span style="color:green">'''μέσον<εύ>οντ΄ {ων}'''</span> ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ <span style="color:green">'''<καλέω>'''</span> τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''<παμ>φοβερὸν'''</span> καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, <span style="color:green">'''<τε> κάτω <τε>'''</span> πάγους <span style="color:green">'''σκοτ<εε>ινοῦ'''</span>,<br>σὲ τὸν <span style="color:green">'''ἐπεὐκταίων'''</span> Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br><span style="color:green">'''κεὐθὺς'''</span> ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι||<span style="color:blue">σὲ καλῶ, τὸν πρῶτα θεῶν ὅπλον διέποντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ οὐρανίων σκῆπτρον βασίλειον ἔχοντα,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω μέσον τῶν ἄστρων Τυφῶνα δυνάστην,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπὶ τῷ στερεώματι δεινὸν ἄνακτα,<br>σὲ τὸν φοβερὸν καὶ τρομερὸν καὶ φρικτὸν ἐόντα,<br>σὲ τὸν δῆλον, ἀμήχανον, μισοπόνηρον,<br>σὲ καλέω, Τυφῶν’, ὥραις ἀνόμοις, ἀμετρήτοις,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ ἀσβέστῳ βεβηκότα πυρὶ λιγείῳ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἄνω χιόνων, κάτω δὲ πάγους σκοτεινοῦ,<br>σὲ τὸν ἐπ’ εὐκταίων Μοιρῶν βασίλειον ἔχοντα<br>κλῄζω, παντοκράτωρ, ἵνα μοι ποιήσῃς, ἅ σε ἐρωτῶ,<br>καὶ εὐθὺς ἐπινεύσῃς μοι ἐπιτρέψῃς τε γενέσθαι</span><br>(κοινά), ὅτι σὲ ἐξορκίζω γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·<br>Τυφῶν μέγιστε, ἄκουσόν μου, τοῦ δεῖνα, καὶ ποίησόν<br>μοι τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα· λέγω γάρ σου τὰ ἀληθινὰ ὀνόματα·<br>Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ· εἰσά-<br>κουσόν μου καὶ ποίησον τὸ δεῖνα πρᾶγμα.<br />
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|I call you who did first control gods' wrath,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're clearly irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you, who hold sovereignty over the longed-for Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br>and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.||I call you who did first control gods' weapon,<br>you who hold royal scepter o'er the heavens,<br>you who are midpoint of the stars above, master Typon,<br>you, who are the dreaded sovereign o'er the firmament.<br>You who are fearful, awesome, threatening,<br>you who're obscured<ref>Emended to ἄδηλον. See Betz 43, n. 62</ref>and irresistable and hater of the wicked,<br>you, I call, Typhon, in hours unlawful and unmeasured,<br>who who've walked on unquenched, clear-crackling fire,<br>you who are over snows, below dark ice,<br>you who, invoked by prayer,<ref>The Betz translation apparently emends to εὐκταίoν ἐπ’. See Betz 43, n. 63. The translation on this page has slightly changed the word order of the Betz version.</ref>hold sovereignty over the Fates,<br>I call, almighty one,<ref>Punctuation changed to make more sense.</ref><br>that you perform for me whate'er I ask of you,<br> and that you nod assent at once<br>to me and grant that what I ask to be mine.<br>(add the usual),<br>because I adjure you, '''γαρ θαλα· βαυζαυ· θωρθωρ<br>καθαυκαθ· ϊαθιν· να βορκακαρ· βορβα·<br>καρβορβοχ· μω ζαυ ουζωνζ· ων· υαβιθ·'''<br>Mighty Typhon, hear me, NN, and perform<br>for me the NN task· For I speak your true names·<br>'''Ἰωερβήθ· Ἰωπακερβήθ· Ἰωβολχοσήθ· οεν<br>Τυφῶν· ασβαραβω· βιεαιση· με νερω· μαρα-<br>μω· ταυηρ· χθενθωνιε· αλαμ βητωρ· μεν-<br>κεχρα· σαυειωρ ρησειοδωτα· αβρησιοα·<br>φωθηρ· θερθωναξ· νερδωμευ· αμωρης·<br>μεεμε· ωιης· συσχιε· ανθωνιε· Φρᾶ·''' listen<br>to me and perform the NN deeds.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Eight (I 296)==<br />
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|Ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, ἐλθὲ σὺν Παιήονι||O Lord Apollo, come with Paian!<br />
|}<br />
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==Hymn Nine (II 2-7)==<br />
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|Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.<br>εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐνθάδε δάφνης<br>[σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά·<br>καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύσειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ.||<span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε, μαντοσύναισιν ἐπίῤῥοθος ἔρχεο χαίρων,<br>Λητοΐδη, ἑκάεργε, ἀπότροπε, δεῦρ’ ἄ[γ]ε, δεῦρο·δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζων, μαντεύεο<br>νυκτὸς ἐν ὥρῃ.</span> αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα. λέγε τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ<br>αὐτὸ ἓν ὑφαιρῶν πτερυγοειδῶς. <span style="color:blue">εἴ ποτε δὴ φιλόνικον ἔχων κλάδον ἐν-<br>θάδε δάφνης [σῆ]ς ἱερῆς κορυφῆς ἐφθέγγεο πολλάκις ἐσθλά· καὶ νῦν μοι σπεύ-<br>σειας ἔχων θεσπίσματ’ ἀληθῆ·</span> λαητωνιον καὶ ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω, ἄναξ Ἄ-<br>πολλον Παιάν, [ὁ] τὴν νύκτα ταύτην κατέχων καὶ ταύτης δεσποτεύων, ὁ τὴν ὥ-<br>ραν τῆς εὐχῆς κ[α]ὐτῆς κρατῶν. ἄγετε, κραταιοὶ δαίμονες, συνεργήσατέ μοι σή-<br>μερον ἐπ’ ἀλ[η]θείας φθενγόμενοι σὺν τῷ τῆς Λητοῦς καὶ Διὸς υἱῷ.<br />
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|O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither.<br>Foretell, give prophecies amid night's hour.<br>If e'er with vict'ry-loving laurel branch here<br>from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen,<br>so may you now speed your way to me with truthful oracles.||"O Phoibos, helper through your oracles, come joyous,<br>Leto's son, who works afar, averter, hither come, hither. Foretell, give prophecies<br>amid night's hour: '''αλλαλαλα· αλλαλαλα· σανταλαλα· ταλαλα'''" (Speak this name too,<br>leaving odd one letter in succession, so as to make a wing formation) "If e'er with<br><div style="margin-left: 5%"><br />
vict'ry-loving laurel branch</div>here from your holy peak you often voiced words of good omen, so may you now<br>speed your way to me with truthful oracles, '''λαητωνιον''' and '''ταβαραωθ’· αεω· εω''', lord<br> Apollo Paian, who control this night, who are master of it, who<br>hold the hour of prayer too. Come, mighty daimons, help me today<br>by truly speaking with the son of Leto and Zeus."<br />
|}<br />
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==Hymn Ten (VI 22-38)==<br />
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|<span style="color:green">'''<Ἐλθέ, μάκαρ Παιάν> πανυπέρτατ’'''</span>, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον],<br><span style="color:green">'''<δεῦρ΄, ἐλθών μοι, χρυσοκό>μα'''</span> ϊεω επι Παιάν,<br><span style="color:green">'''αὐτός ἄναξ μολπῆς, μόλε μοι]'''</span>, πολυώνυμε <span style="color:green">'''Φοῖβε'''</span>,<br>Φοῖβε, [μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’<br>κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγεν <span style="color:green">'''βαρφαραγ<γ>ης'''</span><br><span style="color:green">'''αρβεθω, πολύμορφε'''</span>, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>‘Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.||<span style="color:blue">[—π]ανυπέρτατ’, ἐμοὶ ἐπ[άρηξον]<br>.ω......... .μα ϊεω επι Παιάν<br>.ϊοευηϊη......η, πολυώνυμε,</span><br>ϊοαυ[.ακρακ]αναρβα, <span style="color:blue">Φοῖβε,<br>[μ]αντοσύναισιν̣ [ἐπί]ρροθε, Φοῖβε Ἀπόλλ[ον],<br>[Λ]ητοΐδη ἑκάεργε, [θε]οπρόπε, δεῦρ’ ἄγε, δε[ῦρο],<br>δεῦρ’ ἄγε, θεσπίζω[ν], μαντεύεο νυκτὸς ἐ[ν ὥ]ρῃ.’</span><br>εἶτα λέγε μελετῶν [τοῦ]το· ‘εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.’ εἶτα πρὸς κατά[δυσ]ιν ἡλίου ἐξαιτοῦ πάλιν·<br><span style="color:blue">‘κλῦθί μευ, ἀργυρό[τοξ]ε, ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέ[βηκ]ας<br>Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην [Τε]νέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις’,<br>χρυσοφαῆ, λαῖλ[α]ψ καὶ Πυθολέτα μεσεγκριφι,<br>Λατῶε σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε, τύραννε,<br>πευχρη, νυκτε[ρόφ]οιτε σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης<br>καὶ αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω,<br>Σμινθεῦ, εἴ ποτ[έ τ]οι χαρίεντ’ ἐπὶ βωμὸν ἔρεψα,<br>ἢ εἰ δή ποτέ τοι κ[ατ]ὰ πίονα μηρί’ ἔκηα<br>ταύρων ἠδ’ α[ἰγ]ῶν, τόδε μοι κρήηνο[ν] ἐέλδωρ.</span><br />
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|Come blessed Paian,] most supreme, [help] me;<br>come hither to me, golden-tressed] '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>the very lord of song, come thou to me,] O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour.<br>Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγεν βαρφαραγ<γ>ης,<br>αρβεθω, πολύμορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer.||"...most supreme, [help] me;<br>... '''IEO''', e'en thou, Paian,<br>... O Phobos, many-named.<br>O Phoibos, sing out clear with presages, Phoibos Apollo,<br>Leto's son, far-worker, Hither, come hither,<br>hither come; respond with prophecies, give presage in night's hour."<br>Then speak, declaiming this: '''εη· ϊε ϊε ηϊ ϊω[..]ϊαωιη· ϊυη·<br>ϊα ϊαω· ϊαω η.....ο̣υω.'''<br>Then at sunset make your request again:<br>"Here me, god of the silver bow, who stand protector<br>of Chryse and holy Cilla and are the mightly lord of Tenedos,<br>gold-shining, hurricane and dragon-slayer, '''μεσεγκριφι''',<br>Leto's son, '''σιαωθ’ Σ[αβ]αώθ, Μελιοῦχε''', ruler,<br>'''πευχρη''', night-wanderer, '''σεσεγγενβαρφαραγης,<br>αρβεθ’, ωπολλ̣ορφε, φιλαίματε, Ἀρβαθιαω''',<br>Smintheus, if e'er I've roofed a pleasing shrine for you,<br>or if I've ever burned for you fat thighs<br>of bulls or goats, grant this my prayer."<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hymn Thirteen (VI 6-20)==<br />
<br />
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|<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
<span style="color:green">'''[ἧς ποτε γευσάμενς'''</span> Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''ἀρτιτόμοις ἱερὰν'''</span>] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρυσείαις καὶ'''</span> σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''Παρνησσοῦ'''</span> ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''χρησμοὺς πᾶσιν ἔδωκε θ]εοῖς'''</span>, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''σοι γὰρ ἐρασσάμενος μεγα]λόστονος'''</span> αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''μαντοσύνας ἐρεεῖν πόρε νύμφ]ῃ'''</span> παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''δεῦρο τάχος μοι λισσο]μένῳ'''</span> ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''</span> δάφνης <span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''τὸν'''</span> θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''χρησμοὺς θεσπεσίους'''</span> π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''φῆνον πάντα λόγοις]ι̣'''</span> σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''ὅπποτε τοῦτ' ἔσται]'''</span> τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''δός μοι μαντοσύνην],'''</span> ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[<span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''Δαμνώ, δεῦρο ἰὼ'''</span> δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα <span style="color:green">'''καὶ'''μ̣[όλει, βιάσ]ανδρα'''</span><br><br />
||<δάφνη, μαντοσύνης> ἱερὸν φυτὸν Ἀπόλλωνος,<br><br />
[—Φ]οῖβος στεφθείς τε κλάδοισι<br><br />
[—] κεφαλὴν κομόωσαν ἐθείραις<br><br />
[—σκῆπτρ]ον ἑαῖς παλάμαισι τινάσσων<br><br />
[—ἐν κορυφ]ῇσι πολυπτύχου, ὑψηλοῖο<br><br />
[—] ἑοῖς, θέσπιζε βροτοῖσιν<br><br />
[—]λόστονος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων<br><br />
[—]η παρθένε δ[ει]νή<br><br />
[—ἱε]μένῳ ἱεροῖσι π[εδί]λοις<br><br />
[—δάφνης θαλ]λὸν ἐμαῖς μετὰ [χε]ρσὶν ἔχοντι<br><br />
[—π]έμψον μάντευμ[ά τ]ε σεμνόν<br><br />
[—α̣]ι̣ σαφηνέσι φοιβή[σα]σ̣α<br><br />
[—]ν̣ τε καὶ ὣς τετελε[σμ]ένον ἔσται,<br><br />
[—] ἵν’ ἔχω[ν] περὶ [παντὸς ἐτ]άζω<br><br />
[—δ]αμάσα[ν]δρα μ̣.......ανδρα<br><br />
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|[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
which] Phoebus [tasted once] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[freshly-cut] his [holy] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[and golden]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of Mount Parnassis], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[and gave to all] the gods [responses] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[For in the throws of grievous love], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[gave you, a nymph], dread virgin, power [to utter presages.<br><br />
Come quickly hither to me beseeching you] in holy measures<br><br />
[and] in my hands holding [a laurel leaf].<br><br />
Send me [divine responses] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [words], O priestess, [reveal all things]:<br><br />
both [when this will occur] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[Give me a presage,] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
Subduer, hither come! Lo you,] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [force!]||<br />
[Laurel,] Apollo's holy plant [of presage,<br><br />
.....] Phoebus [...........] and wreathed with branches<ref>Changed some word order.</ref><br><br />
[...........] his [....] head, adorned with tresses long<br><br />
[..........]. In his hand he shook [a scepter]<br><br />
on the [peaks of ...............], lofty and with many vales<br><br />
[...............] to his own [.........] and to mortals prohecied.<br><br />
[..................................], it was Apollo who himself<br><br />
[................], dread virgin, power [.................<br><br />
........................................] in holy measures<br><br />
[...] in my hands holding [........ leaf].<br><br />
Send me [................] and a holy prophetic sign.<br><br />
In lucid [.....], O priestess, [.................]:<br><br />
both [....................] and how it will be done.<br><br />
[..................] so that with it [I may perform a test] on [anything.<br><br />
.............................] mankind's Subduer, mankind's [......]<br />
|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-07T06:15:16Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: link fix</p>
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Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Texts}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Decline|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homerica'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homerica|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/TemplesSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temples2009-03-07T06:13:56Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temples moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Decline</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Decline]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_DeclineSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Decline2009-03-07T06:13:56Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temples moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Decline</p>
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<div>[[Image:Ancient-egyptian-temples-2.jpg|450px|right]]The decline of the Egyptian temples in late antiquity is one of the seminal events in late-antique Egypt. In terms of the history of the land, the phenomenon was sudden and precipitous. In a matter of four centuries a dramatic shift took place in the religious life of the population, not so much in terms of conversion to Christianity, which remained a challenge well into the sixth century, but in terms of the organizational foci for religious observance.<br><br><br />
<br />
==The Egyptian Temple==<br />
<br />
The temple was the center of the divine cult, where the sacred image was maintained by priests through daily rituals.<ref>Donald B. Redford, ed., ''The Ancient Gods Speak: A Guide to Egyptian Religion'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 83-85.</ref> At specific times of the year, the public display of the sacred image would be realized in festival processions, allowing the divine power to become more accessible for those participating.<ref>David Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt: Assimilation and Resistance'' (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), 52-58. The type of public benefit which accrued from such festivities varied from the broadly “national” agricultural, as in the case of the cult of the Nile (42-46), to more local and private concerns, as in the focus on local fields in the cults of Khnum of Esna or on childbirth and fertility in the cult of Bes at Dendara (55).</ref> On a more earthly level, these festivals were also occasions for contact between various government officials and the local communities they governed, as illustrated by the invitation of a strategos to a festival in the village of Seryphis in March 218(-25?) CE (P. Oxy. 3694). In short, the temple was the nexus point at which the peasant might contact both the divine and temporal powers that be.<br />
<br />
==Causes of Decline==<br />
<br />
An examination of the causes of this decline needs to address two interlocking forces affecting temple prosperity. The first is the general religious climate of Egypt, not only the rise of Christianity but also late-antique developments in religious preferences and sensibilities, and how this may have affected popular support for temples. The second is the impact of Roman administration on the economic privileges of the temples and to what extent the temples had been, in effect, financially starved out of existence. The current study will focus on one particularly important aspect of temple finance—Roman taxation, and to what extent it may have contributed to temple decline. Since most of the tax burden on Roman temples was, at least on paper, exacted in money and not in-kind, inflation in Egypt will be examined and compared against the nominal tax burden to determine the significance of the tax burden in real terms over the first three centuries CE.<br />
<br />
===Socio-economic Decline===<br />
<br />
Certainly, some of these temple abandonments had nothing to do with the temples themselves, per se, but with general local decline. A case in point is the Fayyum (Arsinoite nome), where Theadelphia and other villages began to be abandoned in the third century. As such, the above quotation says more about the individual's fanatic dedication to the temple than anything about temple decline in general. Likewise, the temples of Karanis may have suffered due to the town’s own waning vitality (eventually abandoned in the fifth century).<br />
In addition, some temples continued to function well after the third century. The cult of Isis at Philae conducted festivals into the sixth century and other temples and festivals continued into the fourth and fifth centuries.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 62-65.</ref> In this connection one ought not to underestimate the significance of local patronage, especially for the smaller temples in the Roman period.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 74-77. While Bagnall, ''Egypt in Late Antiquity'', 268 may ultimately be correct in judging the decline of Egyptian temples as the result of slow economic starvation, his criticism (n. 54) of the observation by Arthur Darby Nock, "Later Egyptian Piety," in ''Essays on Religion and the Ancient World'' (ed. Zeph Stewart; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1972), 571, that in Hellenistic and Roman times private patronage contributed to the upkeep of temples to a much greater extent than anything prior to the Ptolemies, is far too pessimistic. SPP XXII 183 lists, from among other contributions, a total of 1025 ½ artabae of wheat for 138 CE. From Hermonthis come several receipts (WO II 402, 412-418, 420-1), dating 52-68 CE, for contributions each in the rage of about 4-5 drachmae. SB VI 9066 and P. Lond II 359 record local collections in excess of five talents. P. Oxy. 3275 records the acceptance of 12 artabae for priestly use. For further discussion see Penelope M. Glare, "The Temples of Egypt: The Impact of Rome," (Ph.D., University of Cambridge, 1993), 79-84. Whatever the extent to which these and similar contributions were considered either voluntary or quasi-compulsory the phenomenon nonetheless illustrates the significance of local contributions.</ref><br />
<br />
===Religious transformation?===<br />
<br />
One possible explanation for the decline is a change in worshipping preferences—one in favor of more private and personal worship versus communal temple meetings—a phenomenon which cannot at this point be attributed to Christianity since it had hardly made inroads in the first three centuries.<ref>Christianity in Egypt was largely limited to Alexandria in its earliest period (Birger A. Pearson, "Earliest Christianity in Egypt: Some Observations," in ''The Roots of Egyptian Christianity'' (ed. Birger A. Pearson; James E. Goerhing; Studies in Antiquity & Christianity; Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1986), 135-56) and onomastic evidence points to about 10% of Egypt’s population being Christian by the third quarter of the third century (Roger S. Bagnall, "Religious Conversion and Onomastic Change in Early Byzantine Egypt," ''BASP'' 19, no. 3 (1982): 119-20; Roger S. Bagnall, "Conversion and Onomastics: A Reply," ''ZPE'' 69 (1987): 249).</ref> There, at any rate, does not seem to be a general decline in pagan religiosity.</ref><br />
<br />
But, more importantly, the changing religious climate moving in the direction of greater personal salvation-oriented religion,<ref>H. Idris Bell, ''Cults and Creeds in Graeco-Roman Egypt'' (New York: Philosophical Library, 1953), 64-77, 83-89. Siegfried Morenz, ''Egyptian Religion'' (trans. Ann E. Keep; Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990), 245-50.</ref> whatever its multifaceted motivations and attractions, and however it may have laid some groundwork for Christianity, is not a likely direct cause in any temple decline. Firstly, the very place of the most eclectic religious atmosphere, Alexandria, expressed violently faithful commitment among its pagan minority at the end of the fourth century (391 CE) when the temple of Sarapis was fated to fall into Christian hands,<ref>Sozomen, ''Eccl. Hist.'' 7.15. Similarly violent encounters were seen in other places of the empire towards the end of the fourth century; see: Ramsay MacMullen, ''Christianizing the Roman Empire (A.D. 100-400)'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984), 97-101.</ref> a phenomenon unlikely to be simply the development of the fourth century. Secondly, from the moment Christianity received sanction within the empire, churches began appearing everywhere, both new buildings and converted pagan temples, hardly a sign of dislike for social temple-oriented cults.<ref>MacMullen, ''Christianizing,'' 49-50, 53. B. R. Rees, "Popular Religion in Graeco-Roman Egypt: II. The Transition to Christianity," ''JEA'' 36 (1950): 93.</ref> Indeed, the earlier cults had exhibited flexibility in a changing religious climate, both responding to increased interest in fertility and healing cults, and evolving oracular sites.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 37-42, 46-58, 145ff.</ref> It is, thus, far from clear that changing religious sensibilities should result in the decline of Egyptian temples.<br />
<br />
==Statistics of Temple Attestation==<br />
<br />
With such conflicting evidence, one is presented with the question of whether there really was any significant temple decline prior to the triumph of Christianity. Here, Greek papyrus evidence may be adduced to add some clarity to the situation, with the frequency of references to Egyptian temples being a rough gauge of temple activity and interest.<ref>References gleaned from Giulia Ronchi, ''Lexicon Theonymon Rerumque Sacrarum et Divinarum ad Aegyptum Pertinentium quae in Papyris Ostracis Titulis Graecis Latinisque in Aegypto Repertis Laudantur'' (Testi e Documenti per lo Studio Dell'Antichita' 45; 5 vols.; 1974). When it is clear that multiple attestations actually refer to the same temple, as in the case of the numerous references to a Serapeion in Memphis in UPZ I, they are all collapsed into a single reference on the graphs. However, not all references to the same temple can be detected and it is assumed that with a sufficiently large sample of papyri, undetected multiple attestations to the same temple average out without significantly skewing the results.</ref> One important caveat is that the frequency of cult attestation in the earlier Greek papyri does not accurately reflect temple popularity since much of this evidence would be restricted to Demotic papyri, a survey of which is, unfortunately, beyond the scope of this paper. However, keeping the above limitation in mind helps in interpreting the data. For instance, a relatively flat trend in Greek attestation for a temple may suggest, in reality, a decline in that particular temple since the replacement of Demotic with Greek should result in an upward slope (as the aggregated data indicates below).<br />
<br />
An example of this would be references to βουβαστείον (temples of Bast) which show the same frequency in the second century BCE as in the second century CE, with the first century CE staying silent, more likely the result of variable papyrus survival than cult interruption. The interpretation here should be a net decline in the popularity of Bast temples. Similarly, most references to ἀνουβιείον (temples of Anubis) cluster in the second century BCE with only two references in the Common Era, which should indicate an even greater decline in ἀνουβιείον temples. On the other hand, references to ἐρμαῖον (temples of Hermes/Thoth) increase into the second century, only declining afterwards. This suggests at least a constant, if not increasing, popularity of temples of Hermes/Thoth into the second century. This is quite consistent with the popularity of Thoth during the Ptolemaic period<ref>Patrick Boylan, ''Thoth The Hermes of Egypt, A Study of Some Aspects of Theological Thought in Ancient Egypt'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 165-72.</ref> and his so-called transmutation into Hermes Trismegistus during the Roman period.<ref>Garth Fowden, ''The Egyptian Hermes, A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 22-31.</ref><br />
<br />
===Graphs===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_1.gif|right|thumb|Graph 1]]Despite individual temple variability (Graph 1), when the evidence for the above three temples is aggregated (Graph 2), along with three others (Ἀμμωνεῖον, Ἰσεῖον, Σαραπιεῖον), a downward trend becomes clearly evident. [[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_2.gif|left|thumb|Graph 2]]Graph 2 indicates a nearly linear decline from the beginning of the Roman period throughout the first century, but this is at least in part the result of the averaging effect of the curve. A closer look at the Roman period (Graph 3) indicates a cluster of temple references in the second century CE, resulting in a clearly parabolic distribution.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not mean that temple decline really began in the second century CE, but rather that the replacement of Demotic with Greek within documentary papyri had not yet come to completion.[[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_3.gif|right|thumb|Graph 3]] While the evidence as it is makes it difficult to pin down a specific moment in which decline begins, observing that the crest of the curve in Graph 3 begins towards the beginning of the second century, when Demotic had not yet been completely phased out, it is reasonable to infer that decline began no later than this point, and in light of the Graph 2, it may have begun in the first century or even slightly earlier.<br />
<br />
Without statistics from Demotic papyri as a control, it is difficult to say anything more, except that if decline began in the last quarter of the first century BCE, it likely had much more to do with Cleopatra’s pillaging of temple treasuries (Dio Cassius LI 17.6) than anything related to the beginning of Roman administration of Egypt. While the very beginning of decline may be provisionally dated to some early point around the first century CE or even end of the first century BCE, the increasing negative slope beginning in the second century CE indicates that temple decline was unambiguously accelerating at this point, long before the more overt signs of decline in the third century.<br />
<br />
==Credit==<br />
<br />
The core of this article is a reformatting of elements from a graduate seminar on Roman Administration submitted by [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] in the Spring of [[MMDCCLXI]] at the University of Chicago.<br />
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==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-07T06:05:32Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: adding english</p>
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<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! width="375"|[Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || width="450"|Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||1-1-1 But on account of their accursed bellies they have miserable woes, [''Od.'' 15. 344]<br><br />
1-1-2 neither to cast anchor stones nor to attach stern cables, [''Od.'' 9.137]<br><br />
1-1-3 being struck by the sword and the water was becoming red with blood. [''Il.'' 21.21]<br><br />
1-1-4 . . .<br><br />
1-1-5 stood holding a scepter, which Hephaistos produced by his labors. [''Il.'' 2.101]<br><br />
1-1-6 . . .<br><br />
1-2-1 amends I wish to make and to give a boundless ranson. [''Il.'' 9.120]<br><br />
1-2-2 surely then the gods themselves have ruined your mind. [''Il.'' 7.360]<br><br />
1-2-3 . . .<br><br />
1-2-4 . . .<br><br />
1-2-5 let it lie in the great hall. And I wish for your happy arrival [''Od.'' 15.128]<br><br />
1-2-6 . . .<br><br />
1-3-1 . . .<br><br />
1-3-2 . . .<br><br />
1-3-3 But Zues does not accomplish for men all their purposes. [''Il.'' 18.328]<br><br />
1-3-4 I would even wish it, and it would be much better [''Il.'' 3.41; ''Od.'' 11.358, 20.316]<br><br />
1-3-5 Then indeed would he smash all your fine show, [''Od.'' 17.244]<br><br />
1-3-6 I also care about all these things, woman. But very terrible [''Il.'' 6.441]<br><br />
1-4-1 . . .<br><br />
1-4-2 speaking good things, but they were contriving evil things in their hearts. [''Od.'' 17.66]<br><br />
1-4-3 The glorious gifts of the gods are surely not to be cast aside, [''Il.'' 3.65]<br><br />
1-4-4 . . .<br><br />
1-4-5 . . .<br><br />
1-4-6 These things, Zues-nurtured Skamander, will be as you order. [''Il.'' 21.223]<br><br />
1-5-1 a joy to your enemies, and a disgrace to yourself? [''Il.'' 3.51]<br><br />
1-5-2 Within this very year, Odysseus will arrive here, [''Od.'' 14.161, 19.306]<br><br />
1-5-3 No use indeed to you, since you will not lie clad in them, [''Il.'' 22.513]<br><br />
1-5-4 And to the victor are to go the women and the possessions. [''Il.'' 3.255]<br><br />
1-5-5 The rule of the many is no good. Let there be one ruler, [''Il.'' 2.204]<br><br />
1-5-6 And the gateway is full of ghosts, and full also is the courtyard, [''Od.'' 20.355]<br><br />
1-6-1 We have won great honor. We have killed glorious Hektor, [''Il.'' 22.393]<br><br />
1-6-2 Who would undertake and complete this task for? [''Il.'' 10.303]<br><br />
1-6-3 Not even if his gifts to me should be as numerous as the grains of sand and particles of dust, [''Il.'' 9.385]<br><br />
1-6-4 . . .<br><br />
1-6-5 . . .<br><br />
1-6-6 . . .<br><br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||2-1-1 to 2-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
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|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
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|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
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|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
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|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_PapyriSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri2009-03-06T09:00:16Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: cap fix</p>
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Egyptian papyri offer a rich source of information for Greek religion (including "magical") practice. While many "foreign" elements (Egyptian, Jewish, etc) suffuse these papyri, the syncretism itself helps us study the complex reception of Greek tradition in the Roman Empire.<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''PGM Hymns'' | content=In the back of volume 2 (237-266) of his essential reference, ''Papyri Graecae Magicae, Die Griechischen Zauberpapyri'' (Stuttgart: Teubner, 1974), Karl Preisendanz listed [[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns|thirty hymns reconstructed by Ernst Heitsch from various magical papyri]]. While at times somewhat arbitrary in his selection of what constitutes a unitary hymn, his work still offers an interesting point of departure for further study. The hymns as presented here provide both Heitsch's reconstruction and the original texts for the respective papyri as published by Preisendanz. Translations are those of Betz, ''The Greek Magical Papyri: Including the Demotic Spells'' (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992) unless otherwise noted.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_One_.28XII_244-252.29|1]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Two_.28III_550-558.29|2]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Three_.28IV_939-948.29|3]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Four|4]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Five_.28III_198-229.29|5]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Six_.28IV 179-201.29|6]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Seven_.28IV 261-273.29|7]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Eight_.28I 296.29|8]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Nine_.28II 2-7.29|9]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/PGM_Hymns#Hymn_Ten_.28VI 22-38.29|10]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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{{SGSectionHeader|Analysis}}<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Divine Statistics'' | content=Statistics of references to temples and divinities can provide interesting data for tracking the popularity of various cults in Hellenistic and Roman Egypt.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temples|Egyptian Temple Decline]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_Taxation|Roman Taxation and Egyptian Temples]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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{{PortalBox | title=''Sortes Homerica'' | content=Divination by random citations from Homer was a popular method for finding oracles in antiquity.<br />
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*'''[[Sodalitas Graeciae_(Nova Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes Homerica|''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII)]]'''<nowiki> | </nowiki>'''<br />
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</div></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Sortes_HomericaeSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homericae2009-03-06T08:57:41Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion From the Papyri/Sortes Homerica moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Sortes Homerica: cap fix</p>
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<div>==''P. Lond.'' 121 ( = PGM VII) 1-148==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! [Ὁμηρομαντεῖον·]<br><br> || Homeric Oracle<br><br>1-1-1 to 1-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[ααα ἀλλ’ ἕνεκ̣] οὐλο[μένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδε’ ἔχουσιν] (ο 344?)<br><br />
[ααβ οὔτ’ ε]ὐνὰς [βαλέειν οὔτε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι] (ι 137?)<br><br />
[ααγ ἄορι θεινομέ]νων̣, [ἐρυθαίνετο δ’] αἵμ[ατι ὕδωρ] (Φ 21)<br><br />
[ααδ ..........]υσον [............]υμει̣[]<br><br />
[ααε ἔστη σκῆπτρον ἔχων· τὸ μὲν Ἥφαιστος] κάμ[ε τεύχων] (Β 101?)<br><br />
[ααϛ] ....................................<br><br />
[αβα ...ἂψ ἐθέλω] ἀρέσα[ι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποιμνα] (Τ 138)<br><br />
[αββ ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔπειτα θ]εοὶ φρ[ένας ὤλεσαν αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
[αβγ] ....<br><br />
[αβδ] ......<br><br />
[αβε] κείσθω [ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ· σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο] (ο 128?)<br><br />
[αβϛ] .ωκε τον<br><br />
[αγα] ......φ<br><br />
αγβ<br><br />
[αγγ ἀλλ’ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσ]σι νοήμα[τα] πά[ντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328?)<br><br />
[αγδ καί κε] τὸ βουλοίμην, κα[ί κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη] (Γ 41 λ 358 υ 316)<br><br />
[αγε τῷ κέ τ]οι ἀγλαΐας γε δι[ασκεδάσειεν ἁπάσας] (ρ 244)<br><br />
[αγϛ ἦ καὶ ἐμ]οὶ τάδε πάντα [μέλει, γύναι· ἀλλὰ μάλ’ αἰνῶς] (Ζ 441)<br><br />
[αδα .......]ενω σ’ ἔτι θυμὸν ι̣......<br><br />
[αδβ ἔσθλ’ ἀγ]ορεύοντες, κ[α]κὰ [δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον] (ρ 66)<br><br />
[αδγ οὔτοι ἀ]πόβλητ’ ἐστὶ [θεῶν ἐρυκυδέα δῶρα] (Γ 65)<br><br />
αδδ .......α̣ι̣ν.........<br><br />
αδε<br><br />
[αδϛ ἔσται τα]ῦτα, Σκάμανδρε δ[ιοτρεφές], ὡς σὺ κελεύεις (Φ 223)<br><br />
[α]εα δ[υσμε]νέσσιν μὲν χάρμα, [κατηφείην] δέ σοι αὐτῷ; (Γ 51)<br><br />
[α]εβ το[ῦδ’] αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος [ἐλεύσεται] ἐνθάδ’ Ὀδυσσεύ[ς] (τ 306)<br><br />
[α]εγ οὐ[δέν σο]ι γ’ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [ἐγκείσεαι αὐ]τοῖς (Χ 513)<br><br />
[αεδ τῷ δέ κε] νικήσαντι γυνὴ [καὶ κτήμαθ’ ἕποιτο] (Γ 255)<br><br />
[αεε οὐκ ἀγαθ]ὸν πολυκοιρανίη· εἶ[ς κοίρανος ἔστω] (Β 204)<br><br />
[αεϛ εἰδώλων] δὲ πλέον πρόθυρον, [πλείη δὲ καὶ αὐλή] (υ 355)<br><br />
[αϛα ἠράμεθ]α μέγα κῦδος· ἐπέφ[νομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον] (Χ 393)<br><br />
[αϛβ τίς κεν ἐ]μοὶ τόδε ἔργον [ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν] (Κ 303)<br><br />
[αϛγ οὐδ’ εἴ μοι τ]όσα δοίη, ὅσ[α ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε] (Ι 385)<br><br />
[αϛδ .......]αὐτός τε<br><br />
[αϛε]<br><br />
[αϛϛ] ...........................ι̣νη<br />
||<br />
|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||2-1-1 to 2-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[βαα] [οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος, οὔ]τ’ ἐυλ[είμων] (δ 607)<br><br />
[βαβ] [ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετ]ε̣ παῖδες [ἐόντες] (δ 688?)<br><br />
[βαγ] .......................ιν μ’ ἐρυς<br><br />
[βαδ]<br><br />
[βαε]<br><br />
[βαϛ] [ἐχθρὰ δ]έ μοι τοῦ δῶρα, τ[ίω δέ μιν ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ] (Ι 378)<br> <br />
[ββα] [μοῦν]ον τηλύγετον πολ[λοῖσιν ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν] (π 19)<br><br />
[βββ]<br><br />
ββγ]<br><br />
[ββδ] .......τουσ.....<br><br />
[ββε ὧς οἱ μὲν περὶ κεῖνον ὁ]μίλεον [ἀγχίμολον δέ] (ω 19)<br><br />
ββϛ ψ[εύδεά τ’ ἀρτύνοντας, ὅθ]εν κέ τις [οὐδὲ ἴδοιτο] (λ366)<br><br />
βγα ἄλκι[μο]ς ἔσσ’ ἵνα τις [σ]ε̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ [ὀψιγόνων ἔυ εἴπῃ] (α302)<br><br />
βγβ στήλ[ῃ κ]εκλ[ι]μενό̣[ς ἀνδροκμήτῳ] ἐπὶ [τύμ]βῳ (Λ 371)<br><br />
[β]γγ ἔρ[χεο· π]άρ τοι ὁδός, ν[ῆες δέ τοι ἄγ]χι θαλάσσης (Ι 43)<br><br />
[βγ]δ ψ[ευστήσ]εις, οὐδ’ αὖτε [τέλος μύθῳ] ἐπιθήσεις (Τ 107)<br><br />
[βγε μήτηρ] δ’ αὖ δ’ ἑτέρω[θεν ὀδύρετο] δάκρυ χέουσα (Χ 79)<br><br />
[βγϛ οὐδ’ εἰ πε]ντάετές γε κ[αὶ ἑξάετες παρα]μίμνων (γ 115)<br><br />
[βδα ὦς φάτο,] κ̣α̣ὶ Παιήο[ν’ ἀνώγειν ἰήσα]σθαι (Ε 899)<br><br />
[βδβ ταῦτά τ]οι, ὧ δύστηνε, τ[ελευτήσω τε] καὶ ἔρ̣ξ̣[ω] (λ 80)<br> <br />
[βδγ πῶς ἐ]θέλεις ἅλιον θ̣[εῖναι πόνον] ἠδ’ ἀτέ[λεστον] (Δ 26)<br><br />
[βδδ ὄ]ψιμ̣ο̣ν ὀψιτέλεστ[ον ὅου κλέος ο]ὔποτ’ ὀ[λεῖται] (Β 325)<br><br />
[βδε] πρίν κ̣εν ἀνιηθεὶς [σὴν πατρίδ]α γαῖαν [ἵκοιο] (γ 117)<br><br />
[βδϛ ἐ]λθεῖν, ὄφρ’ ἔνθεν θ[υμοφθόρα φάρμ]ακ’ ἐ[νείκῃ] (β 329)<br><br />
[βεα] ἆνερ, ἀ̣π’ αἰῶνο[ς νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην] (Ω 725)<br><br />
[βεβ] ἦε πᾶν̣ δὴ κρανέ[ω τε καὶ ὦς τετελεσμένον ἔσται] (Ι 310?)<br><br />
[βεγ] μή μ[οι ο]ἶνον ἄ[ειρε μελίφρονα, πότνια μήτηρ] (Ζ 264)<br><br />
[βεδ] .............ιθ<br><br />
[βεε]<br><br />
[β]εϛ μὴ παῖδ’ [ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα] (Ζ 432)<br><br />
[βϛα...ὕστ]ατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐ[νθάδε δειπν]ήσειαν (δ 685)<br><br />
[βϛβ οὐ χ]ρὴ παννύχιον εὕδει[ν βουληφόρον] ἄνδρα (Β 24)<br><br />
[βϛγ δαι]μόνι’, οὐ μὲν καλὰ χ[όλον τόνδ’ ἔνθεο] θυμῷ (Ζ 326)<br><br />
[βϛδ τίς] δ’ οἶδ’ εἴ κέ ποτέ σφι [βίας ἀποτίσεται] ἐλθών (γ 216)<br><br />
[βϛε ἄξομα]ι ἀμφοτέροις· ἀλό[χους καὶ κτήμα]τ’ ὀπάσσω (φ 214)<br><br />
[βϛϛ τόξου] πειρώμεσθα κα[ὶ ἐκτελέωμεν] ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br />
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|}<br />
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{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||3-1-1 to 3-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|[γαα οὐ γάρ] τις νέμεσις φυγέ[ειν κακὸν οὐδ’ ἀ]νὰ νύκτα (Ξ 80)<br><br />
[γαβ πα]ντοίης ἀρετῆς μ[ιμν]|ήσκεο·| [νῦν σ]ε μάλα χρή (Χ 268)<br><br />
[γαγ χήρ]ην δ’ ἐν μεγάρ[οισι πάι]|ς δέ τις | [νήπ]ιος αὔτως (Χ 484 Ω 726)<br><br />
[γαδ ἀλλὰ] σὺ μὲν μή πως κ[αταδύσ]|ε̣ο μῶ|[λον Ἄρ]ηος (Σ 134)<br><br />
[γαε αἶψ]α γὰρ ἐν κακ[ότητι βροτ]|οὶ κατα|[γηράσκο]υσι (τ 360)<br><br />
[γαϛ .......]<br><br />
[γβα .........]<br><br />
[γββ οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὖτος ἀνὴρ διερὸς] βροτὸς οὐδὲ γένηται (ζ 201)<br><br />
[γβγ ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε, τέκνον, ἐτήτ]υμον· οὐ κακόν ἐστι (Σ 128)<br><br />
[γβδ οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ’ ἔστι πεφυγμέ]νον ἄμμι γενέσθαι (Χ 219)<br><br />
[γβε χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ’ ἀπολύσ]ομεθ’, ἔστι γὰρ ἔνδον (Χ 50)<br><br />
[γβϛ π]ῖ|[νέ τε, μηδ’ ἐρίδαινε μετ’ ἀ]νδράσι κουροτέροισιν (φ316)<br><br />
γγα π|[ῇ φ]εύγε[ι]ς μετὰ νῶ[τα β]αλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμ[ί]λῳ (Θ 94)<br> <br />
γγβ αἲ|[ γὰρ ἐ]μοὶ τοιόσδε πόσις [κε]κλη[μέ]νος εἴη (ζ 244)<br><br />
γγγ οὐρ|[α]νῷ ἐστήριξε κάρ[η καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ βαίνει] (Δ 443)<br><br />
γγδ ἀλλ’ | οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι [νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ] (Σ 328)<br><br />
γ[γ]ε νε̣|[ῦ]σε δέ οἱ λαὸν σόον ἔ[μμεναι οὐδ’ ἀπολέσθαι] (Θ 246)<br><br />
[γγ]ϛ μη̣|[δ’ ὄ]φελες λίσσεσθε ἀμ[ύμονα Πηλεΐωνα] (Ι 698)<br><br />
[γ]δα ο|[ἶ]νός σε τρώει μελι[ηδής, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους] (φ 293)<br><br />
[γ]δβ ἔ[ρξ]ον, ὅπῃ δή τοι νό[ος ἔπλετο μηδέ τ’ ἐρώει] (Χ 185)<br><br />
[γδγ] ἄμ̣|φω γὰρ πέπρωται [ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι] (Σ 329)<br><br />
[γ]δδ βά[λ]λ’ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φό[ως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι] (Θ 282)<br><br />
[γ]δε ὡς | οὐκ ἔσθ’, ὃς σῆς γε κ[ύνας κεφαλῆς ἀπαλάλκοι] (Χ 348)<br> <br />
[γδ]ϛ οὐ μ|έν με κτενέε[ις, ἐπεὶ οὔ|τοι μόρσιμός εἰμ]ι (Χ 13)<br><br />
[γ]εα ἐνθ|άδε κ’ αὖθι μέν[ων σὺν ἐμοὶ τόδε δῶμα φυλά]σσοις (ε 208)<br><br />
[γ]εβ εἶκ|ε γέρον προθύρο[υ, μὴ δὴ τάχα καὶ ποδὸς] ἕλκῃ (ς 10)<br><br />
[γ]εγ βέλ|τερον, ὃς φεύγω[ν προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁ]λώῃ (Ξ 81)<br><br />
[γ]εδ μ|[η]δέ τω̣ ἐκφάσ[θαι μήτ’ ἀνδρῶν μήτε γυνα]ικῶν (ν 308)<br> <br />
[γ]εε πυ|[ρ]ῶν ἢ κριθῶ[ν τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει] (Λ69)<br><br />
[γ]εϛ ὁπ|ποῖόν κ’ εἴπῃ[σθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κ’ ἐπακούσα]ις (Υ 250)<br><br />
[γϛα] οὐκ εἴασχ’ Ἑλένη[ν δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ] (Λ 125)<br><br />
[γϛβ] ἦ τι μεταστρέψει[ς; στρεπταὶ μέν τε φρένες ἐσθ]λῶν (Ο 203)<br><br />
[γϛγ] αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε μὲ[ν οὔ ποτ’ ἀπίστεον. ἀλλ’ ἐ]νὶ θυ[μ]ῷ (ν 339)<br><br />
[γϛδ] Εὐρύμαχ’, οὐ[χ οὕτως ἔσται· νοέεις δὲ καὶ α]ὐτός (φ 257)<br><br />
[γϛε] ἆ δειλὲ ξεί[νων, ἔνι τοι φρένες οὐδ’ ἡ]βαιαί (φ 288)<br><br />
[γϛϛ] τῷ δ’ ἕ[τερον μὲν ἔδωκε πατήρ, ἕτερ]ον δ’ ἀνένευσε (Π 250)<br><br />
||<br />
|}<br />
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<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="0" cellpadding="10"<br />
|+ <br />
! ||4-1-1 to 4-6-6<br />
|-valign="top"<br />
|δαα ἀλλ’ εἰς οἶκον ἰοῦσ[α] τὰ σαυτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε (α 356)<br><br />
[δ]αβ τῷ νῦν μηδὲ σὺ [τ]αῦτα τεῇ εἴπῃσθα γυναικί (λ 224)<br><br />
[δ]αγ λάινον ἕσσο χ[ιτ]ῶνα κακῶν ἕνεχ’, ὅσσα ἔοργας (Γ 57)<br><br />
[δ]αδ ἠρῶ ἀθανάτοισ[ι γενειήσ]οντα ἰδέσθαι (ς 176)<br><br />
[δ]αε εὔχεο δ’ Ἀπόλ[λωνι λυκηγ]ενέϊ κλυτοτόξῳ (Δ 101)<br><br />
[δ]αϛ οὐδὲ λύκοι [τε καὶ ἄρν]ες [ὁμό]φρονα θυμὸν ἔχουσιν (Χ 263)<br><br />
[δβ]α ἀλλ’ ἦτοι μὲ[ν ταῦτα] ἐπεί[ξομ]εν ἀλλήλοισιν (Δ 62)<br><br />
[δββ ἐν] δ’ Ἔρις, ἐ[ν δὲ Κυδο]ιμὸς [ὁμίλεον, ἐ]ν δ’ ὀλοὴ Κήρ (Σ 535)<br><br />
[δβγ .......................εσοθ............ιωντο]<br><br />
[δβδ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πο]λεμόνδ’ [οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι εἶναι] (Δ 264?)<br><br />
[δβε] ουδε..............αρι..ον οπ̣............ς<br><br />
[δ]βϛ νηπύτιε, τί νυ [τόξον] ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως (Φ 474)<br><br />
[δ]γα καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠύκ[ομος] Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου (Ω 602)<br><br />
[δ]γβ χαλκόν τε χρυ[σόν τ]ε ἅλις ἐσθῆτά τε δόντες (ε 38)<br><br />
[δ]γγ οὔτοι ἔπειθ’ [ἁλίη] ὁδὸς ἔσσεται οὐδ’ ἀτέλεστος (β 273)<br><br />
δγδ εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄρ[ιστος], ἀμύνασθαι περὶ πάτρης (Μ 243)<br><br />
δγε τήν τοι ἐγὼ [ῥέξ]ω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας (Κ 294)<br><br />
δγϛ πᾶσι δέ κεν Τρώεσ[σι χάρι]ν καὶ κῦδος ἄροιο (Δ 95)<br><br />
δδα νῆα κατισχέμεν[αι, ἐπεὶ] οὐκέτι πιστὰ γυνα<ι>ξίν (λ 456)<br><br />
δδβ οὐκ ἔστ’ οὐδὲ ἔ[οικε [τεὸν ἔ]πος ἀρνήσασθαι (Ξ 212)<br><br />
δδγ αἶψα μεταστρ[έψει[ε νόον] μετὰ σὸν καὶ ἐμὸν κῆρ (Ο 52)<br><br />
δ[δ]δ καί οἱ σημαίνειν· [ὁ δὲ πείσετ]αι [εἰς] ἀγαθ[όν] περ (Λ 789)<br> <br />
[δ]δε εὖχος ἐμοὶ δώσειν, [ψυχὴν δ’ Ἄϊδι κλυτοπ]ώλῳ (Ε 654)<br><br />
δδϛ νῆα ἅλις χρυσοῦ κ[αὶ χαλκοῦ νηήσασθ]αι (Ι 137)<br><br />
δεα ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν φάσ[θαι, τὸ δὲ καὶ κεκρυμμένον] εἶναι (λ 443)<br><br />
δεβ Ζεὺς δ’ ἐπὶ γεινο[μένοισιν ἵει κακότητα β]αρεῖαν (Κ 71)<br><br />
δεγ οἴῳ πεπνῦσθα[ι, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσι]ν (κ 495)<br><br />
δεδ εἴξας ᾦ θυμῷ· [τῷ δ’ οὐκέτι δῶρα τέλε]σσαν (Ι 598)<br><br />
δεε χαίρω σεῦ, [Λαερτιάδη,] τὸν μῦθον [ἀ]κούσας (Τ 185)<br><br />
δεϛ Ζεὺς δ’ ἀρετ[ὴν ἄνδρεσσιν] ὀφέλλει τε μ[ι]νύθει τε (Υ 242)<br><br />
δϛα δεινὸς ἀνήρ· [τάχα κεν κα]ὶ ἀναίτιον α[ἰτ]ιόῳτο (Λ 654)<br><br />
[δϛβ] πανσυδίῃ· ν[ῦν γάρ κεν ἕλοι]ς πόλιν ε[ὐρυ]άγυιαν (Β 66)<br><br />
δϛγ τέτλαθι δή, [κραδίη, καὶ κύντερ]ον ἄλλο ποτ’ ἔτλης (υ 18)<br><br />
δϛδ δαιμόνι’, ἀτρ[έμας ἧσο καὶ ἄλλων μ]ῦθον ἄκουε (Β 200)<br><br />
δϛε μηνιθμὸν [μὲν ἀπορρῖψαι, φιλότη]τα δ’ ἑλέσθαι (Π 282)<br><br />
δϛϛ ὡ[ς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα καταφθιμέ]νοιο λιπέσθαι (γ 196)<br><br />
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|εαα τῆ τότε δὴ κρήδε[μν]ον ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι (ε 346)<br><br />
εαβ οὐχ’ ὁσίη κταμ[ένο]ισιν ἐπ’ ἀνδράσιν εὐχεταᾶσθαι (χ 412)<br><br />
εαγ νύκτα δι’ ἀμβ[ροσί]ην ὅτε θ’ εὕδουσιν βροτοὶ ἄλλοι (Ω 363)<br><br />
εαδ πῶς ἂν ἔπειθ’ [Ὀδυ]σσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην (α 65) (80)<br><br />
εαε ἔλλαβε πορφ[ύρεος θάνατ]ος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή (Ε 83)<br><br />
εαϛ ὧς οὐκ αἰνότ[ερον καὶ κύ]ντερον ἄλλο γυναικός (λ 427)<br><br />
εβα μὴ ἴομεν Δα[να]οῖσι [μα]χησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν (Μ 216)<br><br />
εββ ἄνδρ’ ἐπαμ[ύνασ]θαι, ὅ[τε τι]ς πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ (π 72 φ 133 Ω 369)<br><br />
εβγ οὐδέ τί μιν παῖ[δες] ποτὶ γούνασι παμπάζουσιν (Ε 408)<br><br />
εβδ ἔνδον μὲν δ[ὴ ὅδ’] αὐτὸς ἐγώ· καὶ πολλὰ μογήσας (φ 207)<br><br />
εβε μηδ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· πάρος δ’ οὐκ ἔσσεται [ἄλλως] (Ε 218)<br> <br />
[εβϛ μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖό]ς περ ἐπει<γό>μενός πε[ρ Ἄρηος] (Τ 189)<br><br />
εγα μηδ’ [ἐπαγαλλόμε]νος πολέμῳ καὶ δηιοτῆτι (Π 91)<br><br />
εγβ μή ποτ[ε τῆς εὐνῆς] ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι (Ι 133)<br><br />
εγγ χείλεα μ[έν τ’ ἐδίην·] ὑπερῴην δ’ οὐκ ἐδίηνεν (Χ 495)<br><br />
εγδ θάρσει· [μή τοι ταῦτα] μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων (Σ 463)<br><br />
εγε τοῦτον δ’ [οὐ δύναμαι] βαλέειν κύνα λυ[σσ]ητῆρα (Θ 299)<br><br />
εγϛ τέττα, σιωπ[ῇ ἧσο, ἐμ]ῷ δ’ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ (Δ 412)<br> <br />
εδα οὐκ ἀρετᾷ κ[ακὰ ἔργα·] κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύ[ν] (θ 329)<br><br />
εδβ κλήϊσσαν μεγά[ροιο θύρ]ας πυκινῶς ἀρ[αρ]υίας (φ 236)<br><br />
εδγ ἆ δεῖλ’, οὐδέ τι τ[οι θάν]ατος καταθύμιό[ς ἐ]στιν (Ρ 201)<br><br />
εδδ ἦλθ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς κ[αὶ οἶκο]ν ἱκάνεται ὀψέ π[ε]ρ ἐλθών (ψ 7)<br><br />
εδε ἔκ τε καὶ ὀψὲ τε[λεῖ, σύ]ν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέ|τ]ισεν (Δ 161)<br><br />
εδϛ ἐν δ’ ἔρις, ἐν δ’ [ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ] κρυόεσσα [ἰω]κή (Ε 740)<br><br />
εεα λοιμῷ δ’ ὀίκτι[στον θανέειν καὶ πότμον] ἐπισπεῖν (μ 342)<br><br />
εεβ κείσομ’, ἐπεί κ[ε θάνω· νῦν δὲ κλέος ἐσθλὸ]ν ἀροίμην (Σ 121)<br><br />
εεγ ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολ[εμόνδ’, οἶος πάρος εὔχεαι] εἶναι (Δ 264)<br><br />
εεδ οὔ τί σε λωβε[ύω, τέκνον φίλον, οὐδ’ ἀπα]φίσκω (Ψ 26)<br><br />
εεε Ἀλκμήνης δ’ [ἀνέπαυσε τόκον, σχέθε δ’ εἰλει]θυΐης (Τ 119)<br><br />
εεϛ ἀλλ’ ἴθι, ταῦτ[α δ’ ὄπισθεν ἀρεσσόμεθ’, εἴ τ]ι κακὸν νῦν (Δ 362)<br><br />
εϛα πῇ μέματ[ον; τί σφῶιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μαίν]εται ἦτορ (Θ 413)<br><br />
εϛβ μὴ δή τοι κεῖ[νός γε λί]|ην ἐνθ[ύμιος ἔσ]τω (ν 421)<br><br />
εϛγ ἀλλ’ οὔ πως ἅ[μα] πάντα θεοὶ δό|[σαν ἀνθρ]ώποισιν (Δ 320)<br><br />
εϛδ μὴ δ’ οὕτως [ἀγόρ]ευε· π|άρος δ’ ο[ὐκ ἔσσετ]αι ἄλλως (Ε 218)<br><br />
εϛε ὦς ἔφατ’, οὐ[δὲ Δι]ὸς πεῖ]θεν φ[ρένα τα]ῦτ’ ἀγορεύων (Μ 173)<br><br />
εϛϛ ἀλλ’ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀ[νένευ]ε· κ[αὶ ἔσχεθεν ἱ]έμενόν περ (φ 129)<br><br />
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|ϛαα πῶς ἐθέλεις [ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλ]θέμεν οἶος (Ω 203)<br><br />
ϛαβ νυμφίον [ἐν μεγάρῳ μίαν οἴην] παῖδα λιπόντα (η 65)<br><br />
ϛα[γ ἀχλὺν δ’ αὖ τοι ἀπ’ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον,] ἢ πρὶν ἐπῆεν (Ε 127)<br><br />
ϛαδ τόξου πειρώμεσθα καὶ ἐκτελέωμεν ἄεθλον (φ 180)<br><br />
ϛαε γινώσκω δ’ ὡς σφῶιν ἐελδομένοισιν ἱκάνω (φ 209)<br><br />
ϛαϛ ἕσσω μὲν χλαῖνά τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα καλά (π 79 ρ 550 φ 339)<br> <br />
ϛβα ἁψαμένη βρόγχο[ν] αἰπὺν ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῖο μελάθρου (λ 278)<br><br />
ϛββ ἡμετέρης ἀρετῆς <μ>εμνημένος οἷα καὶ ἡμεῖς (θ 244)<br><br />
ϛβγ λαῖτμα μέγ’ ἐκ[πε]ρῶσιν, ἐπεί σφισι δῶκ’ ἐνοσίχθων (η 35)<br><br />
ϛβδ ἀλλὰ πρόσω φέρε [τόξ]α· τάχ’ οὐκ ἐὺ πᾶσι πιθήσεις (φ 369)<br><br />
ϛβε ἀλλ’ ὄρσευ πολεμ[όνδ]ε καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυε λαούς (Τ 139)<br><br />
ϛβϛ οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ βίη Ἡρακλῆος φύγε κῆρα (Σ 117)<br><br />
ϛγα ἂψ ἐθέλω ἀρέσαι δόμεναί τ’ ἀπερείσι’ ἄποινα (Ι 120)<br><br />
ϛγβ ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον, ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστάς (Τ 175)<br><br />
ϛγγ ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ, οὐ δη[θὰ μ]ατεύσομεν, αἴ κ’ ἐθέλητε (Ξ 110)<br><br />
ϛγδ οὐδὲ μάλ’ ἐξαπί[νη]ς καί τις θεὸς αὐτὸς ἐνεί[και] (φ196)<br><br />
ϛγε ἤτοι ταῦτά γ’ ἑτοῖμ[α] τετεύχαται οὐδέ κεν ἄλλ[ως] (Ξ 53)<br><br />
ϛγϛ ἀλλ’ ἐφ[ομ]αρτεῖ[τε]· πλεόνων δέ τοι ἔργον [ἄμεινον] (Μ 412)<br><br />
ϛδα ἐξ ἄρα δή [τοι ἔπ]ειτα [θε]οὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν [αὐτοί] (Η 360 Μ 234)<br><br />
ϛδβ θάρσει, μηδέ τί τοι [θ]άνατος καταθύμιος ἔστω (Κ 383)<br><br />
ϛδγ ἐξ ὕπνου γο<ό>ωσα φίλους οἰκῆας ἐγείρῃ (Ε 413)<br><br />
ϛδδ ἀλλ’ ἴθι σιγῇ τοῖον, ἐγὼ δ’ ὁδὸν ἡγεμονεύσω (η 30)<br><br />
ϛδε οὔατ’ ἀκουέμεν ἔστι, νόος δ’ ἀπόλωλε καὶ αἰδώς (Ο 129)<br><br />
ϛδϛ γηράς· ἀλλ’ οὐχ’ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα (Ρ 197)<br><br />
ϛεα οἴκαδέ τ’ ἐλθέμεναι καὶ νόστιμον ἧμαρ ἰδέσθαι (ε 220 θ 466)<br><br />
ϛεβ τὸν μὲν ἄκουρ[ον ἐ]όντα βάλ’ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων (η 64)<br><br />
ϛεγ ἐλπωρή τοι ἔ[πει]τα φίλους δ’ ἰδέειν καὶ ἱκέσθαι (η 76)<br><br />
ϛεδ σφῶιν δ’, ὡς ἔ[σετ]αί περ, ἀ[λη]θείην καταλέξω (φ 212)<br><br />
ϛεε ὦδε γὰρ ἐξερέω, [τὸ δὲ καὶ τ]ετελεσμέν[ον] ἔσται (Α 212)<br><br />
ϛεϛ πέμψω δ’, ὅππῃ μ[ιν κρα]δίη θυμός τε κελεύει (π 81 φ 342)<br><br />
ϛϛα πλα<γ>κτέ; τάχ’ αὖ δὲ κύ[νες ταχ]έες κατέδονται (φ 363)<br><br />
ϛϛβ γνοίης χ’, οἵη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται (υ 237 φ 202)<br><br />
ϛϛγ οὔ τί σε τῶδ’ ἄξεσθαι ὀΐομαι οὐδὲ ἔοικε (φ 322)<br><br />
ϛϛδ ἐνθάδ’ ὁμιλέομεν, ποτιδέγμενοι ἤματα πάντα (φ 156)<br><br />
ϛϛε κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ νυ πώ μοι (Α 542)<br><br />
ϛϛϛ μὴ δή μοι φύξιν γε, Δόλων, ἐμβάλεο θυ<μῷ> (Κ 447)<br><br />
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|}</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_From_the_Papyri/Temple_TaxationSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion From the Papyri/Temple Taxation2009-03-06T08:57:25Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion From the Papyri/Temple Taxation moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Taxation: cap fix</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Taxation]]</div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_TaxationSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Taxation2009-03-06T08:57:25Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion From the Papyri/Temple Taxation moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Taxation: cap fix</p>
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<div>==Temple Decline and Roman Administration==<br />
<br />
Traditional analysis of temple economic decline has largely focused on the burdensome and punitive influence of Roman administration in contrast to Ptolemaic,<ref>Sherman LeRoy Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt from Augustus to Diocletian'' (New York: Greenwood Press, Publishers, 1969), 246-49.</ref> the twin horns of which are perceived as being temple land confiscation under Augustus and increased taxation. According to this model, the beginning of the end starts under Augustus when, in circa 19-20 BCE, under the administration of the prefect Petronius, hieratic lands are confiscated and temples are given either on of two options: to rent back the same land or to accept a subsidy (συντάξις).<ref>Allan Chester Johnson, ''Roman Egypt: To the Reign of Diocletian'' (ed. Tenney Frank; An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome; 5 vols.; vol. 2; Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1936), 639.</ref> Those who chose to rent back their land assumed the increased burden of the rent,<ref>J. Grafton Milne, "The Ruin of Egypt by Roman Mismanagement," 17 (1927): 4.</ref> while those who accepted a συντάξις became increasingly dependant upon the whims of Roman administration—at Soknebtunis all evidence of συντάξις payments ends in 233-4 CE,<ref>J. A. S. Evans, "A Social and Economic History of an Egyptian Temple in the Greco-Roman Period," ''YCS'' 17 (1961): 213-4.</ref> which likely reflected a general trend, especially since complaints of failed συντάξις payments are also known from much earlier.<ref>BGU IV 1197, 1200, II 707; Hawara Archiv 5 p. 387, no. 188; P. Lond. II 359; P. Teb. II 298, 302; SP XXII 184; P. Oxy. VII 1046. </ref> While priests were likely exempt from the poll-tax early on,<ref>Elizabeth H. Gilliam, "The Archives of the Temple of Soknobraisis at Bacchias," ''YCS'' 10 (1947): 204-5; Evans, "Social and Economic History," 249.</ref> the privilege eventually erodes. Additional temple revenues are diverted to the state, such as the ὑπὲρ σφραγισμοῦ, which traditional was a fee taken by the priests for the “sealing” of sacrificial animals, but from the time of Hadrian this fee was instead collected by the μοσχοσφραγισταί for the government.<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 255-6. From the reign of Trajan additional taxes were levied from the temple of Soknebtunis (273) which further increased its financial burden.</ref> All of this combined with the loss of other traditional rights, such the power of asylum,<ref>William Linn Westermann, "The Ptolemies and the Welfare of Their Subjects," ''AHR'' 43, no. 2 (1938): 276-8.</ref> reduced the influence and income of the temples throughout the Roman period, eventually eroding them into non-existence.<br />
<br />
===Criticism of the Traditional View===<br />
<br />
The above perspective has more recently been the object of some criticism. Capponi argues that Augustus essentially preserved Ptolemaic era taxes on temples and clergy, and despite the supposed land confiscation, the tax on hieratic land continued at the same rate from Ptolematic times at one–two artabai per aroura.<ref>Livia Capponi, ''Augustan Egypt, The Creation of a Roman Province'' (Studies in Classics; New York: Routledge, 2005), 152-3. For a more general discussion of Augustus as essentially conservative in fiscal reforms and innovations in Egypt, see Dominic Rathbone, "Egypt, Augustus and Roman taxation," ''CCG'' 4 (1993): 81-112.</ref> More radically, Glare disputes the reality of a general confiscation of hieratic land.<ref>Glare, "Temples of Egypt," 60-85.</ref> Yet, the question remains to what extent Roman taxation may have had a destructive impact on Egyptian temples. While emphasizing the lack of deliberate Roman targeting of temples, Glare seems to remain open to the possibility that the net impact may have nonetheless been harmful.<ref>Glare, "Temples of Egypt," 61-62.</ref><br />
<br />
==Sources of Data==<br />
<br />
The classic surveys by Otto, Wilcken, Johnson and Wallace provide an invaluable source of data,<ref>Walter Otto, ''Priester und Tempel im Hellenistischen Ägypten'' (2vols.; Leipzig: Teubner, 1905-9); Ulrich Wilcken, ''Urkunden der Ptolemäerzeit'' (2vols.; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1922); Johnson, ''Roman Egypt''; Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'' .</ref> but none endeavor a systematic and quantitative analysis of taxation trends throughout the first three centuries, let alone the impact of inflation on money taxes. The latter is a particularly egregious oversight since the bulk of the tax burden on temples was paid in money and not in-kind, subjecting it to potential monetary inflation. Indeed, when one computes the tax burden against constant drachmae, one discovers that the tax burden on Egyptian temples did not increase over the first three centuries. This compels one to look for other factors in conjunction with taxation to account for the overall decline.<br />
<br />
==Taxes Pertaining to Temples==<br />
<br />
Several taxes had the temples as their exclusive scope. The most significant of these was the ἐπιστατικόν, levied every one or two years. In SPP. XXII 183 (138 CE), one finds that out of the total expenses for the temple of Soknopaiou Nesos (10,632 dr. 4½ obols) this tax accounted for 5,500 dr., more than half of the total expenses. In contrast, the other amounted to significantly less. The δεκάτη μόσχων was levied regularly as a flat tax of 20 dr. for each calf offered for sacrifice at the temple of Soknebtunis, whose Ptolemaic predecessor by the same name is attested in P. Hib. 115.<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 254 is rather skeptical of the connection with the Ptolemaic impost and considers the Roman-era tax to be a Roman innovation.</ref> The related tax, τέλος μόσχου θυομένου, was paid by the worshipper and not the temple. The εἰσκριτικόν was a tax known to every priest as a class of initiation fee., whose amount varied from 8 dr. to 2,200 dr., depending on the office being purchased/initiated into. Despite the potentially high amount, it was a one-time fee and so would not constitute a long-term burden on temples.<br />
<br />
<br />
===δεκάτη μόσχων===<br />
<br />
All instances of this tax specify a payment of 20 dr. (P. Teb. 307, 197 CE, 205 CE, 208 CE, 210 CE), except for P. Teb. II 572 which specifies 84 dr. Evans is right in his skepticism of the view that this tax should be considered a 10% ad valorem tax (that is, a tax based on the value of a good; examples that fall under this category are sales taxes and VAT taxes) on the proceeds from sacrifices, since it is quite remarkable that 10% of such proceeds should always be 20 dr.<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 253.</ref> As for the anomalous value of 84 dr., he speculates that this was a payment of four instances of 20 dr. with a 1 dr. extra charges, citing the reference to “for a period of two years,” which suggests that 20 dr. was the flat tax for 6-month periods.</ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 254 no. 38.</ref> <br />
<br />
===εἰσκριτικόν===<br />
<br />
The fragmentary nature of the evidence for the εἰσκριτικόν presents several problems. Firstly, it is evident that there were two broad subclasses for this tax subsumed under the same term, 1) those which were initiation payments into the priestly order in general and 2) those into specific offices of the priesthood in the given temple.<ref>For summary discussion, see Gilliam, "Temple of Soknobraisis," 203-04; Carroll A. Nelson, ''Status Declarations in Roman Egypt'' (ASP 19; Amsterdam: 1979), 60-62.</ref> The former is to be identified with the ἱερατεία as the fee for initiation into the priestly order. At Soknopaiou Nesos payments of 12 dr. (BGU I 162) and 20 dr. (P. Lond. II 329; SP XXII 171, 143) are recorded. Wallace speculates that the former was the initial fee for entry into the priestly order while the latter were payments for initiation into specific offices at the temples of Hermes and Soknopaios.<ref>Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'', 250.</ref> At Tebtunis the fee for initiation into the priestly order was 52 dr., and 50 dr. for advancement into the specific office feather-bearer (P. Teb. 298).<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 259.</ref> The same papyrus records the fee for the office of Stolistae as 100 dr. Other payments for entry into specific offices are recorded in WO II 136-7, at a rate of 8 dr., paid by pastaphori at Elephantine; similarly P. Oxy. XII 1435 also records a payment of 8 dr. P. Teb. 294 records the εἰσκριτικόν for the advancement into the office of prophet as 200 dr., an office particularly profitable since it qualified the holder to 1/5th<ref>Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'', 251.</ref> of the temple revenue. This likely accounts for the extreme offer of 2,200 dr. in P. Teb. 294 for outright purchase of the office, provided that the post become hereditary.<br />
<br />
Secondly, as is clear from the above data, because the initiation fee into the order as well as the fee for entrance into specific offices varies from place to place and the evidence for each of these is few and far between, there is little diachronic data for the εἰσκριτικόν in the same location for the same purpose. As a result one can say very little about its fluctuations (or the lack thereof) over time and cannot provide basis for discussing the evolving tax burden on the temples.<br />
<br />
===ἐπιστατικόν===<br />
<br />
The nature of the ἐπιστατικόν is still unclear, but it was most likely closely related to the office of ἐπιστάτης which, while usually distinct from the high priest, was at times combined into one office.<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 201.</ref> The role of the ἐπιστάτης is uncertain, but it may have been the chief financial officer of the temple.<ref>Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'', 252.</ref> The prevailing view has been that the tax was levied against the temple to pay for the salary of the related office.<ref>Ulrich Wilcken, ''Urkunden der Ptolemäerzeit'' (2vols.; vol. 1; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1922), 366 (Evans 273); ''Johnson, Roman Egypt,'' 562; Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'', 252.</ref> On the other hand, Otto viewed the tax as payment for the privilege of the temple electing its own ἐπιστάτης, while Rostovtzeff considered the tax to be an entrance fee for the office.<ref>Otto, ''Priester und Tempel'', 239&mdash;which carried more weight in conjunction with Otto’s claim that the ἐπιστάτης and high priest were one and the same, a position demonstrated false by Wilcken, ''Urkunden der Ptolemäerzeit'', 44</ref> The prevailing view seems to offer the simplest explanation, but whatever the relationship between the office and the tax may have been in the Ptolemaic period, only the tax remained in the Roman period, inspiring Wallace to state, “The ἐπιστατικόν is the best example of a specific tax designed to curb the power of the priests by reducing their wealth.”<ref>Wallace, ''Taxation in Egypt'', 253.</ref> More recent work has taken a less bleak view of the intention behind and impact of the tax.<ref>Glare, "Temples of Egypt," 68-70.</ref><br />
<br />
====Frequency of Payments====<br />
<br />
Some questions surround the frequency of payment for the ἐπιστατικόν. Glare suggests that biennial collections at Soknopaiou Nesos suggest the tax may have been exacted with the same frequency.<ref>Glare, "Temples of Egypt," 70.</ref> However, Johnson’s argument for annual payments on an 11-month schedule seems to offer the most satisfying option, at least for lump sum payments, namely that the 500 dr. payment in P. Lond II 352 is a monthly payment for 11 months, totaling in 5,500 dr., given that the latter is the lump sum installment paid by the same temple in SPP XXII 183 and P. Lond II 347.<ref>Johnson, ''Roman Egypt'', 654.</ref> The same inference can be made for SB VI 9066. While it may well have been different for temples where individual payments were exacted, the close correspondence between these annual payments and the total temple estimates based on the individual payments suggests that they too were on an annual basis.<br />
<br />
In one second century document from Bacchias (P. Lund IV 7) temple dues total 1826 dr. 3 ob. At Soknopaiou Nesos dues remained stable at 5,500 dr. (P. Lond II 347, 201 CE; P. Lond II 352, 220 CE; SB VI 9066, 138-161 CE). In 162-3 CE dues totaling 1835 dr. are paid at Tebtunis (P. Teb II 306), and earlier that century a similar amount of 1500 dr. can be estimated (P. Teb II 298). At Karanis individual payments are recorded for the years 171-175 CE (P. Mich. IV) ranging from 27 dr. 3 ob. to 87 dr. 3 ob. for the priests of Petesouchos, Isis Patsonteus and Harpocrates. In addition, several ostraca dating from the first century BCE to the first century CE (O. Mich. II.739/743; III 984/5) record rates of 14-25 dr.<br />
<br />
====The Size of the ἐπιστατικόν====<br />
<br />
The size of the ἐπιστατικόν seems to have been roughly correlated with the number of priests in the temple. Bacchias was host to 22-23 (P. Yale 363) priests at the temple of Soknokonnis in 116 CE,<ref>Gilliam, "Temple of Soknobraisis," 187, 208, 11.</ref> which decrease to twelve priests by 171 CE (P. Yale 902 + 906),<ref>Gilliam, "Temple of Soknobraisis," 187, 217, 20.</ref> at which time Soknobraisis has fourteen (P. Yale 902 + 906).<ref>Gilliam, "Temple of Soknobraisis," 187 no. 28.</ref> Despite minor fluctuations in the number at Soknobraisis in the later part of the second century, one can estimate the total number of priests at Bacchias in the second century as ranging between 26 and 39,<ref>Gilliam, "Temple of Soknobraisis," 187 nos. 30-32. Cf. Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 199 n. 5.</ref> taxed at 1826 dr. 3 ob. The temple of Soknebtunis at Tebtunis employed a minimum of fifty priests in 162-3 CE, and likely several more (P. Teb. 306),<ref>Evans, "Social and Economic History," 204.</ref> which required a payment of 1500 dr. and 1825 dr. 5½ ob. in 107-8 CE and 162-3 CE, respectively. In contrast to these modest numbers, Soknopaiou Nesos was able to boast 100 priests in 178/9 CE (P. Vondob. G. 24951 + 24556) and 160 later in the second century (PSI VIII 927), which demanded a payment of 5,500 dr.<ref>Deborah Hobson, "Agricultural Land and Economic Life in Soknopaiou Nesos," ''BASP'' 21, no. 1 (1984): 106 n. 37.</ref> Thus, in these lump sum payments, one can observe the rather loose correlation between temple size and ἐπιστατικόν amount. Although, while Soknopaiou Nesos had the largest temple and so required the largest payment according to above data, the total nonetheless remained the same in the second century despite significant fluctuations in the number of priests. This does raise the possibility that the loose correlation between temple size and ἐπιστατικόν is a mirage of the fragmentary data. Similarly, As a result, the data will be summarized in two separate groups, that in which the ἐπιστατικόν was paid individually and that in which it was paid as a lump sum.<br />
<br />
====The ἐπιστατικόν Data====<br />
<br />
The two tables below summarize the above data, which being fragmentary as it is, is divided into 25-year intervals:<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" | '''Lump Sum Payments'''<br />
|-<br />
| || 101-125 || 126-150 || 151-175 || 176-200 || 201-225<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" | Bacchias<br />
|-<br />
| P. Lund IV 7 || colspan="4" | 1826 dr. 3 ob. ||<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" | Soknopaiou Nesos<br />
|-<br />
| SB VI 9066 || || colspan="2" | 5500 dr. || ||<br />
|-<br />
| SPP XXII 183 || || 5500 dr. || || ||<br />
|-<br />
| P. Lond II 352 || || || || || 5500 dr.<br />
|-<br />
| P. Lond II 347 || || || || || 5500 dr.<br />
|-<br />
| W. Chr. 92 || || 5500 dr. || || ||<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" | Tebtunis<br />
|-<br />
| P. Teb II 306 || || 1835 dr. 3½ ob. || || ||<br />
|-<br />
| P. Teb II 298 || 1500 dr. || || || ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="8" | '''Individual Payments'''<br />
|-<br />
| || 1-25 || 25-50 || 51-75 || 76-100 || 101-125 || 126-50 || 151-175<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="8" | Karanis<br />
|-<br />
| P. Mich. IV || colspan="6" | || 87 dr. 3 ob<br>87 dr. 3 ob<br>27 dr. 3 ob<br>27 dr. 3 ob<br>27 dr. 3 ob<br>27 dr. 3 ob<br />
|-<br />
| SO. Mich II 739 || 14 dr. || colspan="5" | ||<br />
|-<br />
| SO. Mich II 743 || 17 dr. || colspan="5" | ||<br />
|-<br />
| SO. Mich II 984 || 25 dr. || colspan="5" | ||<br />
|-<br />
| SO. Mich II 985 || 19 dr. || colspan="5" | ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Calculating Tax Trends===<br />
<br />
A two degree polynomial regression analysis is performed for each dataset to find the best fitting curve. The first task is to weight individual ἐπιστατικόν payments against lump sum payments. The difficulty arises from attempting to estimate the total number of priests at Karanis in the first and second centuries. If one considers the priestly population of Soknopaiou Nesos as unusual (60%-72% in the second century<ref>Hobson, "Agricultural Land," ''BASP'' 106 n. 37.</ref>), the temples at Bacchias and Tebtunis should offer more reasonable parallels; 26-50 priests seems to be the given range. Since precision in such affairs is often more than elusive, an estimate of 40 priests for Karanis will be utilized. When applied to the O. Mich II/III tax rates, one arrives at an estimate of 750 dr. For the P. Mich. IV rates one arrives at an estimate of 1580 dr. which is quite consistent with second century lump-sum payments from Tebtunis. From among the lump-sum data, P. Lund IV 7 requires exclusion due to its imprecise date, which is rather unfortunate since it is the only attested ἐπιστατικόν value for Bacchias.<br />
<br />
It is evident that for numerous periods evidence is missing for tax payments from particular temples. In such cases, averages are taken from the previous and next available 25-year intervals. If both are not available, then the nearest price is used. While such estimates are not ideal the fragmentary evidence necessitates it.<br />
<br />
Since the biannual δεκάτη μόσχων flat tax was exacted at a rate of 20 dr. per year, and under the assumption that the ἐπιστατικόν was annual, the rate of δεκάτη μόσχων would be 40 dr. per every payment of the ἐπιστατικόν. The graph below represents the composite taxation rate of δεκάτη μόσχων and ἐπιστατικόν, reflecting a 14.8% increase over the course of two and a quarter centuries.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Roman_Taxes_on_Egyptian_Temples.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Credit==<br />
<br />
The core of this article is a reformatting of elements from a graduate seminar on Roman Administration submitted by [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] in the Spring of [[MMDCCLXI]] at the University of Chicago.<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecushttp://www.novaroma.org/nr/Sodalitas_Graeciae_(Nova_Roma)/Religion_from_the_Papyri/Temple_DeclineSodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temple Decline2009-03-06T08:57:10Z<p>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus: Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion From the Papyri/Temples moved to Sodalitas Graeciae (Nova Roma)/Religion from the Papyri/Temples: cap fix</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Ancient-egyptian-temples-2.jpg|450px|right]]The decline of the Egyptian temples in late antiquity is one of the seminal events in late-antique Egypt. In terms of the history of the land, the phenomenon was sudden and precipitous. In a matter of four centuries a dramatic shift took place in the religious life of the population, not so much in terms of conversion to Christianity, which remained a challenge well into the sixth century, but in terms of the organizational foci for religious observance.<br><br><br />
<br />
==The Egyptian Temple==<br />
<br />
The temple was the center of the divine cult, where the sacred image was maintained by priests through daily rituals.<ref>Donald B. Redford, ed., ''The Ancient Gods Speak: A Guide to Egyptian Religion'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 83-85.</ref> At specific times of the year, the public display of the sacred image would be realized in festival processions, allowing the divine power to become more accessible for those participating.<ref>David Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt: Assimilation and Resistance'' (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), 52-58. The type of public benefit which accrued from such festivities varied from the broadly “national” agricultural, as in the case of the cult of the Nile (42-46), to more local and private concerns, as in the focus on local fields in the cults of Khnum of Esna or on childbirth and fertility in the cult of Bes at Dendara (55).</ref> On a more earthly level, these festivals were also occasions for contact between various government officials and the local communities they governed, as illustrated by the invitation of a strategos to a festival in the village of Seryphis in March 218(-25?) CE (P. Oxy. 3694). In short, the temple was the nexus point at which the peasant might contact both the divine and temporal powers that be.<br />
<br />
==Causes of Decline==<br />
<br />
An examination of the causes of this decline needs to address two interlocking forces affecting temple prosperity. The first is the general religious climate of Egypt, not only the rise of Christianity but also late-antique developments in religious preferences and sensibilities, and how this may have affected popular support for temples. The second is the impact of Roman administration on the economic privileges of the temples and to what extent the temples had been, in effect, financially starved out of existence. The current study will focus on one particularly important aspect of temple finance—Roman taxation, and to what extent it may have contributed to temple decline. Since most of the tax burden on Roman temples was, at least on paper, exacted in money and not in-kind, inflation in Egypt will be examined and compared against the nominal tax burden to determine the significance of the tax burden in real terms over the first three centuries CE.<br />
<br />
===Socio-economic Decline===<br />
<br />
Certainly, some of these temple abandonments had nothing to do with the temples themselves, per se, but with general local decline. A case in point is the Fayyum (Arsinoite nome), where Theadelphia and other villages began to be abandoned in the third century. As such, the above quotation says more about the individual's fanatic dedication to the temple than anything about temple decline in general. Likewise, the temples of Karanis may have suffered due to the town’s own waning vitality (eventually abandoned in the fifth century).<br />
In addition, some temples continued to function well after the third century. The cult of Isis at Philae conducted festivals into the sixth century and other temples and festivals continued into the fourth and fifth centuries.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 62-65.</ref> In this connection one ought not to underestimate the significance of local patronage, especially for the smaller temples in the Roman period.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 74-77. While Bagnall, ''Egypt in Late Antiquity'', 268 may ultimately be correct in judging the decline of Egyptian temples as the result of slow economic starvation, his criticism (n. 54) of the observation by Arthur Darby Nock, "Later Egyptian Piety," in ''Essays on Religion and the Ancient World'' (ed. Zeph Stewart; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1972), 571, that in Hellenistic and Roman times private patronage contributed to the upkeep of temples to a much greater extent than anything prior to the Ptolemies, is far too pessimistic. SPP XXII 183 lists, from among other contributions, a total of 1025 ½ artabae of wheat for 138 CE. From Hermonthis come several receipts (WO II 402, 412-418, 420-1), dating 52-68 CE, for contributions each in the rage of about 4-5 drachmae. SB VI 9066 and P. Lond II 359 record local collections in excess of five talents. P. Oxy. 3275 records the acceptance of 12 artabae for priestly use. For further discussion see Penelope M. Glare, "The Temples of Egypt: The Impact of Rome," (Ph.D., University of Cambridge, 1993), 79-84. Whatever the extent to which these and similar contributions were considered either voluntary or quasi-compulsory the phenomenon nonetheless illustrates the significance of local contributions.</ref><br />
<br />
===Religious transformation?===<br />
<br />
One possible explanation for the decline is a change in worshipping preferences—one in favor of more private and personal worship versus communal temple meetings—a phenomenon which cannot at this point be attributed to Christianity since it had hardly made inroads in the first three centuries.<ref>Christianity in Egypt was largely limited to Alexandria in its earliest period (Birger A. Pearson, "Earliest Christianity in Egypt: Some Observations," in ''The Roots of Egyptian Christianity'' (ed. Birger A. Pearson; James E. Goerhing; Studies in Antiquity & Christianity; Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1986), 135-56) and onomastic evidence points to about 10% of Egypt’s population being Christian by the third quarter of the third century (Roger S. Bagnall, "Religious Conversion and Onomastic Change in Early Byzantine Egypt," ''BASP'' 19, no. 3 (1982): 119-20; Roger S. Bagnall, "Conversion and Onomastics: A Reply," ''ZPE'' 69 (1987): 249).</ref> There, at any rate, does not seem to be a general decline in pagan religiosity.</ref><br />
<br />
But, more importantly, the changing religious climate moving in the direction of greater personal salvation-oriented religion,<ref>H. Idris Bell, ''Cults and Creeds in Graeco-Roman Egypt'' (New York: Philosophical Library, 1953), 64-77, 83-89. Siegfried Morenz, ''Egyptian Religion'' (trans. Ann E. Keep; Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990), 245-50.</ref> whatever its multifaceted motivations and attractions, and however it may have laid some groundwork for Christianity, is not a likely direct cause in any temple decline. Firstly, the very place of the most eclectic religious atmosphere, Alexandria, expressed violently faithful commitment among its pagan minority at the end of the fourth century (391 CE) when the temple of Sarapis was fated to fall into Christian hands,<ref>Sozomen, ''Eccl. Hist.'' 7.15. Similarly violent encounters were seen in other places of the empire towards the end of the fourth century; see: Ramsay MacMullen, ''Christianizing the Roman Empire (A.D. 100-400)'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984), 97-101.</ref> a phenomenon unlikely to be simply the development of the fourth century. Secondly, from the moment Christianity received sanction within the empire, churches began appearing everywhere, both new buildings and converted pagan temples, hardly a sign of dislike for social temple-oriented cults.<ref>MacMullen, ''Christianizing,'' 49-50, 53. B. R. Rees, "Popular Religion in Graeco-Roman Egypt: II. The Transition to Christianity," ''JEA'' 36 (1950): 93.</ref> Indeed, the earlier cults had exhibited flexibility in a changing religious climate, both responding to increased interest in fertility and healing cults, and evolving oracular sites.<ref>Frankfurter, ''Religion in Roman Egypt'', 37-42, 46-58, 145ff.</ref> It is, thus, far from clear that changing religious sensibilities should result in the decline of Egyptian temples.<br />
<br />
==Statistics of Temple Attestation==<br />
<br />
With such conflicting evidence, one is presented with the question of whether there really was any significant temple decline prior to the triumph of Christianity. Here, Greek papyrus evidence may be adduced to add some clarity to the situation, with the frequency of references to Egyptian temples being a rough gauge of temple activity and interest.<ref>References gleaned from Giulia Ronchi, ''Lexicon Theonymon Rerumque Sacrarum et Divinarum ad Aegyptum Pertinentium quae in Papyris Ostracis Titulis Graecis Latinisque in Aegypto Repertis Laudantur'' (Testi e Documenti per lo Studio Dell'Antichita' 45; 5 vols.; 1974). When it is clear that multiple attestations actually refer to the same temple, as in the case of the numerous references to a Serapeion in Memphis in UPZ I, they are all collapsed into a single reference on the graphs. However, not all references to the same temple can be detected and it is assumed that with a sufficiently large sample of papyri, undetected multiple attestations to the same temple average out without significantly skewing the results.</ref> One important caveat is that the frequency of cult attestation in the earlier Greek papyri does not accurately reflect temple popularity since much of this evidence would be restricted to Demotic papyri, a survey of which is, unfortunately, beyond the scope of this paper. However, keeping the above limitation in mind helps in interpreting the data. For instance, a relatively flat trend in Greek attestation for a temple may suggest, in reality, a decline in that particular temple since the replacement of Demotic with Greek should result in an upward slope (as the aggregated data indicates below).<br />
<br />
An example of this would be references to βουβαστείον (temples of Bast) which show the same frequency in the second century BCE as in the second century CE, with the first century CE staying silent, more likely the result of variable papyrus survival than cult interruption. The interpretation here should be a net decline in the popularity of Bast temples. Similarly, most references to ἀνουβιείον (temples of Anubis) cluster in the second century BCE with only two references in the Common Era, which should indicate an even greater decline in ἀνουβιείον temples. On the other hand, references to ἐρμαῖον (temples of Hermes/Thoth) increase into the second century, only declining afterwards. This suggests at least a constant, if not increasing, popularity of temples of Hermes/Thoth into the second century. This is quite consistent with the popularity of Thoth during the Ptolemaic period<ref>Patrick Boylan, ''Thoth The Hermes of Egypt, A Study of Some Aspects of Theological Thought in Ancient Egypt'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 165-72.</ref> and his so-called transmutation into Hermes Trismegistus during the Roman period.<ref>Garth Fowden, ''The Egyptian Hermes, A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 22-31.</ref><br />
<br />
===Graphs===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_1.gif|right|thumb|Graph 1]]Despite individual temple variability (Graph 1), when the evidence for the above three temples is aggregated (Graph 2), along with three others (Ἀμμωνεῖον, Ἰσεῖον, Σαραπιεῖον), a downward trend becomes clearly evident. [[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_2.gif|left|thumb|Graph 2]]Graph 2 indicates a nearly linear decline from the beginning of the Roman period throughout the first century, but this is at least in part the result of the averaging effect of the curve. A closer look at the Roman period (Graph 3) indicates a cluster of temple references in the second century CE, resulting in a clearly parabolic distribution.<br />
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This, however, does not mean that temple decline really began in the second century CE, but rather that the replacement of Demotic with Greek within documentary papyri had not yet come to completion.[[Image:Egyptian_Temple_graph_3.gif|right|thumb|Graph 3]] While the evidence as it is makes it difficult to pin down a specific moment in which decline begins, observing that the crest of the curve in Graph 3 begins towards the beginning of the second century, when Demotic had not yet been completely phased out, it is reasonable to infer that decline began no later than this point, and in light of the Graph 2, it may have begun in the first century or even slightly earlier.<br />
<br />
Without statistics from Demotic papyri as a control, it is difficult to say anything more, except that if decline began in the last quarter of the first century BCE, it likely had much more to do with Cleopatra’s pillaging of temple treasuries (Dio Cassius LI 17.6) than anything related to the beginning of Roman administration of Egypt. While the very beginning of decline may be provisionally dated to some early point around the first century CE or even end of the first century BCE, the increasing negative slope beginning in the second century CE indicates that temple decline was unambiguously accelerating at this point, long before the more overt signs of decline in the third century.<br />
<br />
==Credit==<br />
<br />
The core of this article is a reformatting of elements from a graduate seminar on Roman Administration submitted by [http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3743 M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus] in the Spring of [[MMDCCLXI]] at the University of Chicago.<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<references /></div>Marcus Cornelius Gualterus Graecus