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This page contains the documents produced by the Coup Faction of Cn. Iulius Caesar and L. Cornelius Sulla Felix, otherwise known as the Sullans, the Sullan-Caesarian Faction (or Sulla-Caesar Faction) or the Back Alley Faction, or sometimes, incorrectly, the "Boni". In the first five years of Nova Roma, there existed a formal faction known as the "Boni", an equally turbulent group which was involved in the first "civil war" within Nova Roma, but that faction was dissolved. L. Sulla was one of the leaders of that faction, and he and some other prominent members of the "Boni", were leading members of Back Alley or Sullan-Caesarian Faction, hence the identification of the two groups.

"Back Alley" was the name of a private mailing list forum owned and controlled by members of the "Boni" faction, who, after the formal dissolution of that faction, continued to own the Back Alley forum, and to control and dominate the opinion, the topics and the general consensus on that mailing list. They remained insignificant in Nova Roma, until the return of Sulla from his self-imposed exile of 5 years, when he took the leadership of the Back Alley community with the power of a storm, and the core members of that forum became known as the Sullans, because they only became powerful and vocal under the influence, and by the encouragement and leadership of, Sulla. One of them was Cn. Iulius Caesar, who emerged as Sulla's strongest supporter, and in the subsequent the years, he became the tactical and theoretical leader of the Sullan faction, even more important than Sulla himself. Initially Sulla and Caesar were accompanied by a third leader, C. Equitius Cato, and these three were the leaders of the Sullans together, then after their emergence to power as senate majority, Cato retired from activity, and Caesar became the most important tactical leader of the Sullans, although the faction depended on the driving force of Sulla. Finally, Caesar and Sulla proclaimed themselves dictator and magister equitum in an orchestrated coup d'état, which formally showed Caesar as the head of the faction.

The Back Alley forum allowed rude, harassing, intimidating and libelous ad hominem attacks, there was no restriction of style, tone and behavior. Anyone could join the Back Alley forum, and many joined from other factions, with other views: the usual result was that the core Back Alley members overwhelmed, aggressively with hurtful, insulting attacks, anyone who argued for a different opinion, and the opponent either suffered a "burn out" and fall off from public life in Nova Roma, or left Nova Roma altogether, never to return. As the Sullans were the most active and the absolute majority in the Back Alley mailing forum, non-members of the faction always felt hopeless to argue or resist, yet usually all active politicians of Nova Roma took their chances in the forum, always to the detriment of their mental balance. As a result, the Sullans' activity generated a hopeless and helpless feeling in the leadership of Nova Roma, that things will never change, those who remain in Nova Roman leadership positions, will always have to live under constant attacks and insufferable endless arguments. As the Back Alley Faction of Sulla, Caesar and Cato grew, they started to dominate all topics and arguments in the Main List, the official central forum of Nova Roma, where posting anything now became a dangerous endeavor as one could expect a dozen of bullying reactions and character assassination campaigns. This era of the of constant bullying, bickering, drama, bitter insult hurling and personality wars in all international forums of Nova Roma which was orchestrated by Sulla, Caesar and Cato as an attack against the senate and the magistrates, in order that they abandon power and give up their positions in Nova Roma, and which incapacitated almost all functions of Nova Roma, is called the second "civil war" within Nova Roma.

Step by step, most active members of Nova Roma who were not in this faction were leaving Nova Roma, and the proportion of the Sullans among the politically active Nova Romans were growing. The core members of the Back Alley Faction, many of whom never considered themselves being in one faction, nonetheless, they promoted the growing influence of Sulla, were chiefly Caesar and Cato, with the support of M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus, Q. Fabius Maximus, Q. Valerius Poplicola, Cornelia Aeternia, Diana Aventina, and some more moderate people like C. Vipsanius Agrippa, Rutilia Enodiaria, Dec. Iunius Palladius Invictus, Ti. Galerius Paulinus, P. Ullerius Stephanus Venator, Flavia Merula, L. Cornelius Cicero, Q. Servilius Priscus, Q. Caecilius Metellus, C. Tullius Valerianus Germanicus, Helena Galeria Aureliana, Pompeia Minucia Strabo and M. Octavius. Many of these listed were originally from different factions but in the Back Alley group they agreed to oppose and strongly criticize the senate majority of that time. More and more, the consensus of these people created a milieu in the Back Alley that the opinion leaders of the community are Sulla and Caesar.

After having conducted a civil war-like campaign in Nova Roma for power, and after a series of faction rivalries, Sulla and Caesar obtained complete and unlimited control over Nova Roma in P. Ullerio C. Equitio cos. ‡ MMDCCLXIV a.u.c., which they continued to exercise in a covert manner, sticking to democratic procedures usually, until their coup d'état in M. Pompeio Sex. Lucilio cos. ‡ MMDCCLXVIII a.u.c., when they proclaimed open dictatorship.

The coup d'état of Caesar and Sulla in M. Pompeio Sex. Lucilio cos. ‡ MMDCCLXVIII a.u.c. opened a new, even more dramatic fight within Nova Roma, which is called the third "civil war"] within Nova Roma. By committing an unconstitutional and illegal action, not only in Nova Roman law but in Maine State law, which governs our corporation, Caesar and Sulla caused their senate faction to be split from Nova Roma as a separatist part of Nova Roma, becoming an illegal senate with unlawful sessions and decrees. By then, they were usually referred to as the Coup Faction, because many former friends and faction supporters of Sulla and Caesar left the faction after the coup d'état and joined the citizens fighting against this atrocity.

The Coup Faction acted as if they were the legal senate of Nova Roma, and produced a large number of unlawful, illegal senatus consulta, which are null and void in the legal system of Nova Roma, but for the sake of historic record keeping, they are listed in this page. All of them were written by Cn. Caesar.

This situation of having two parallel senates, one illegal by the Coup Faction, and one legal republican senate, ended after both Caesar and Sulla admitted defeat in their recent "civil war" and renounced their citizenship in Nova Roma by Q. Arrio P. Annaeo cos. ‡ MMDCCLXXII a.u.c..

This page records the documents of the illegal coup senate of Cn. Caesar and L. Sulla.

January 2769

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON ENDORSEMENT OF DICTATORSHIP AND ACTIONS SO FAR TAKEN

Do we, the Senate of Nova Roma, by vote of simple majority, support the issuance of the Senatus consulta ultima of November 16th, and the appointments of Gnaeus Iulius Caesar to the office of Dictator, and Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix to the office of Magister Equitum, operating within the office of the Dictatura, and while recognizing this vote does not compromise the right of ratification by the Senate of Nova Roma upon the termination of the Dictatura, support the Dictatorial Edicts issued so far?

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON LEGAL EXPENSES

The Senate of Nova Roma approves the expenditure, by the Chief Financial Officer, of up to $500.00 USD for legal consultation regarding the recent letter of demand and potential civil litigation.

March 2769

SENATUS CONSULTUM DESIGNATING A LONG TERM GOAL FOR NOVA ROMA

We, the Senate of Nova Roma, approve the general goal of establishing a Nova Roman community in the Southwestern United States within the next 15 years and authorize Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix to develop a detailed plan for this goal. It is understood that this is not an exclusive long term goal and the Senate may adopt additional goals it determines are in the best interests of Nova Roma. It is also understood that approval of this goal does not convey any official endorsement or approval of any plan for attaining this goal.

SENATUS CONSULTUM APPROVING THE PAYMENT OF CURRENT ATTORNEY BILL

We, the Senate of Nova Roma, authorize the CFO to pay the remaining $345.00 of the current attorney bill.

SENATUS CONSULTUM APPROVING EXPENDITURES FOR ADDITIONAL LEGAL FEES

We, the Senate of Nova Roma, approve the expenditure, by the Chief Financial Officer, of up to $1,000.00 USD for legal fees related to the recent letter of demand, potential civil litigation, potential changes to corporate structure and corporate compliance in general.

PROPOSAL FOR THE EXTENSION OF THE DICTATURA

Withdrawn.

SENATUS CONSULTUM APPROVING THE PAYMENT OF WEB HOSTING FESS

We, the Senate of Nova Roma, authorize payment of $360 to Fredrik Consulting AB for web hosting fees.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE APPOINTMENT OF A GOVERNOR OF PROVINCIA CAROLINA

We, the Senate of Nova Roma, hereby appoint Tiberius Horatius Barbatus (Citizen 11311) as governor of Provincia Carolina in accordance with article V.C. of the Constitution of Nova Roma. Tiberius Horatius Barbatus will hold the title of Legatus pro praetore for that province.

April 2769

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON ADVICE FROM REGISTERED AGENT REGARDING SENATORIAL APPOINTMENTS

This House authorizes Lucius Cornelius Sulla, and Gnaeus Iulius Caesar to contact Nova Roma's Registered Agent and seek advice on the ability of the Board of Directors to appoint persons to fill vacant officer/magistrate positions within Nova Roma Inc., and authorizes the necessary payment for such consultation, and any required consultations, up to $500.00

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON ADVICE FROM REGISTERED AGENT REGARDING EX-MAGISTRATES STANDING

This House authorizes Lucius Cornelius Sulla, and Gnaeus Iulius Caesar to contact Nova Roma's Registered Agent and seek advice on the right of officers/magistrates (those not already appointed directors/senators) and ex-officers/magistrates (not yet appointed as directors/senators_ to attend, speak and vote in the Board of Directors/Senate of Nova Roma Inc., and authorizes the necessary payment for such consultation, and any required consultations, up to $500.00

May 2769

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON APPOINTMENT OF GOVERNORS

Marcus Pompeius Caninus - Alasca et Havaia

Publius Quinticus Petrus Augustinus - America Texia

Gaius Marcius Crispius - Britiannia

Gnaeus Iulius Caesar - Canada Ulterior

Titus Iulius Sabinus - Dacia

Decimus Nautius Ahenobarbus - America Transappalachina

Quintus Fabius Maximus - California Angelensis

Quintus Fabius Maximus - California Francisensis

Non-director voting issue

Discussion only.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON LIABILITY ISSUE

The Senate Authorizes the CFO to oversee the creation and to cover the expense for the creation of a liability statement for all directors of Nova Roma and requires this document to be signed before any individual becomes a Director of Nova Roma Inc. Copies of this document must be received and maintained by the CFO of Nova Roma. The Senate caps the expense of this document at $300.00.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON PRORATED TAX CREDIT FOR FY 2015

For the period of the Dictatura in 2015 (half of November and all of December) the proposal is that we offer to those that apply by email to the CFO directly (not message posts) requesting it, a tax credit based on a prorated period of 1.5 months by class, to be offset against 2017 taxes. The CFO will record the credit and those applying will be asked to also endorse their PayPal payment for 2017 with an additional note that they have a credit they are using to offset the tax for that year. This will only apply to those that had paid their tax for 2015 as of November 16th. If you didn't pay by then you don't get the credit. There is no option to take this amount as a refundable amount. Persons will be eligible to claim the credit until August 31st 2016, after which it will no longer be available.

2015 tax rate Credit amount

Class I $38 $4.75

Class II $32 $4.00

Class III $22 $2.75

Class IV $14 $1.75

Class V $ 8 $1.00

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON CLASS INCREASE RATE

This Senatus Consulta serves to clarify that the Section IV.3 of the Lex Cornelia de Punctis Censualibus. Yearly amounts are not recurring and must be renewed annually. If no amount is set by the Senate then no class upgrade is possible within this section of the Lex Cornelia de Punctis Censualibus for that fiscal year.

October 2769

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON TAXES FOR FY 2017

2017 2016

Class I 48.00 was 45.00

Class II 42.00 was 36.00

Class III 33.00 was 26.00

Class IV 24.00 was 18.00

Class V 17.00 was 11.00

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON CLASS UPGRADE FOR FY 2016

Set to $500

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON CLASS UPGRADE FOR FY 2017

Set to $500

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON BUDGET FOR FY 2017

Webhosting: $280.00 (WebGator)

Webhosting - Sweden transition: $500.00

Registered Agent: $250.00 (Ainsworth)

Annual Report: 40.00 (Maine)

Quickbooks: 575 (Quickbooks)

Office and Budget Supplies: 50.00

Mail Box Rental: 75.00 (Not purchased so far - using my residence)

Paypal fees: 50.00

Discretionary Consular Fund: 300 (150 per Consul)

Domain Renewal Fees: 200.00

Marketing: 500.00

Attorney Fees: 3000.00

Reimburse prior reserve: 500.00

Total: $6320.00

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON PAYMENT TO FREDRIK FOR WEBHOSTING

Payment to Fredrick for Webhosting of Nova Roma Website - $240.00

October 2770

Presiding Magistrate

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, Princeps Senatus

Quorum

The Senate of Nova Roma currently has 16 members, all of whom are senators with full rights. Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus is on Leave - his Proxy is assigned to Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix - therefore, as per XI.J of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV, he is deemed present.

Thus, there are 16 voting members of the Senate giving a minimum quorum of 11 voting members. With 16 voting members present the quorum is achieved.

Schedule

09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. V Non. Oct. 2770 AVC	(03 October 2017)	Call to order. Debate period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of pr. Id. Dec. 2770 AVC	(12 December 2017)	Debate period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of Id. Dec. 2770 AVC	(13 December 2017)	Call to vote. Voting period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. XIV Kal. Ian. 2770 AVC	(19 December 2017)	Voting period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. XIII Kal. Ian. 2770 AVC	(20 December 2017)	Call to close issued before this time.

Agenda

I	Vote on whether to support the demands of the litigants
II	Senatus Consultum on cease and desist letter regarding trademark
III	Senatus Consultum on the conditions of use of the Nova Roman trademark

List of Senators who voted in this session

The following 13 senators cast votes in time during this formal session of the Senate. Their initials and full names are listed below in alphabetical order by nomen:

Initials	Name
PACP	P. Annaeus Constantinus Placidus
MCGG	M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus
LCSF	L. Cornelius Sulla Felix, Acting Princeps Senatus
SCVIA	Sta. Cornelia Valeriana Iuliana Aeternia
CnIC	Cn. Iulius Caesar
DIPI	D. Iunius Palladius Invictus, Princeps Senatus (on leave)
TIS	T. Iulius Sabinus
CMCV	C. Maria Caeca
CPD	C. Petronius Dexter
MPC	M. Pompeius Caninus
QSP	Q. Suetonius Paulinus
CTVG	C. Tullius Valerianus Germanicus
PUSV	P. Ullerius Stephanus Venator

Item I - Vote on whether to support the demands of the litigants

Proposal

Up or down vote on accepting the full demands presented by the plaintiffs in the potential civil case against the Dictatura of 2015/2016.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	3
Antiquo	10
Abstineo	0
Failed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DIPI	Antiquo
LCSF	Antiquo
SCVIA	Antiquo
CTVG	Uti rogas
CnIC	Antiquo
TIS	Antiquo
MPC	Antiquo	"As in any civil case, a settlement is rarely achieved by acceptance of a first, or even second, set of demands. The Senate attempted to negotiate in good faith in 2016 and rather than respond with counter proposals the plaintiffs just walked away from the table. A few points still need to be negotiated: All citizens should pay taxes for the year in which elections are held to become assidui. Waiving of late fees may be negotiable. The specifics relating to arranging the centuries have not been agreed to, and with no magistrates, only the Senate can oversee elections, so further discussion is required. Let us be mindful of the fact that the "rump organization" held extra-constitutional elections, and many assidui citizens of Nova Roma were unable to vote. Further discussion is also required before any acknowledgment of actions and decisions in the "non-corporate rump organization" can be considered valid. Since the rump organization was formed outside of the Nova Roma Constitution, and an interrex was installed in violation of its provisions, and since only citizens who were in the rump organization could vote, none of its actions are valid, so, again, further discussion and specifics are required."
PACP	Uti rogas
CMCV	Antiquo
MCGG	Antiquo
PUSV	Antiquo
QSP	Antiquo
CPD	Uti rogas

Item II - Senatus Consultum on cease and desist letter regarding trademark

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON CEASE AND DESIST LETTER REGARDING TRADEMARK

Approve Nova Roma's attorney to file a cease and desist letter to the community to cease using our trademarks.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	9
Antiquo	4
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
SCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
MPC	Antiquo	"Enforcement actions for trademark violations should wait until we have a response from the plaintiffs regarding the Senate's vote on their demands."
PACP	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
MCGG	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo

Item III - Senatus Consultum on the conditions of use of the Nova Roman trademark

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE CONDITIONS OF USE OF THE NOVA ROMAN TRADEMARK

1. The Senatus consultum entitled "Senatus consultum regarding flag copyright permissions" is repealed forthwith. The automatic previous permission granted for all Citizens, magistrates, provincia, sodalitates, and other organizations of Nova Roma, to use the image the Nova Roman trademarked flag on any website/web locations/social media page related to Nova Roma is also revoked, both for existing and future users.

2. That automatic permission granted under the above repealed Senatus consultum is replaced by a conditional approval, subject to any subsequent review by the Senate of Nova Roma Inc. where the content of such a website/web locations/social media page related to Nova Roma is deemed by a vote of the Senate to be detrimental to the corporate interests of Nova Roma Inc.

3. Conditional use of the trademark (the image of which may, at the time of the propagation of this Senatus consultum, be found at spqr.jpg on the main novaroma.org website) is subject also to the following conditions:

a. When used, the image may not be altered in any way except to scale it up or down in size.

b. The image must be accompanied by the following HTML code (unaltered) somewhere on the same page as the flag image: "The Nova Roman 'Gold SPQR in a gold wreath on a crimson field' flag is a use-protected trademark of Nova Roma and is used with permission."

c. Permission to use the image of the Nova Roman flag in other contexts, in altered form, or without the accompanying attribution must be obtained from the Senate in Formal Session, by means of a vote.

d. The Aediles Curules (Curule Aediles) shall maintain a collection of Nova Roma trademark images approved explicitly for personal use on websites, social media, and physical items intended for one's own personal use. Placing Nova Roma trademarks on physical items that are offered for sale or commercial gain is considered a commercial use of Nova Roma trademarks and as such must be approved in advance in accordance with paragraph 3(e) below.

e. Any commercial use of Nova Roma trademarks must be approved by petitioning the Aediles Curules (Curule Aediles). The Aediles Curules (Curule Aediles) shall refer such requests to the Senate for review. The use of Nova Roma trademarks for commercial purposes, including reproduction on merchandise, is expressly prohibited unless the producer completes a license agreement approved by the Senate in Formal Session. Such commercial use is then governed by the terms of the approved and executed license agreement. Nova Roma does not grant conditional approval for such commercial use.

4. Revocation of the conditional permission to use the trademark (as at 2 above) shall be communicated to the manager/owner/controller of the web location and a request to remove the device within 14 (fourteen) days, or if such a person is unrecoverable, to the service provider that hosts such a location within any time-frame deemed fit by the Senate.

5. Should the trademark not be removed upon the expiry of any time limit set by the Senate, the Senate shall, by further vote in Formal Session, determine if legal action should be taken, and if so to act according to the directions contained in any Senatus consultum issued to that effect.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	10
Antiquo	3
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
SCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
MPC	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
MCGG	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo

Session Voting Summary Results by Senator

A visual summary of the votes cast by each Senator:

Initials	Item I	Item II	Item III
PACP	I	II	III
MCGG	I	II	III
LCSF	I	II	III
SCVIA	I	II	III
CnIC	I	II	III
DIPI	I	II	III
TIS	I	II	III
CMCV	I	II	VI
CPD	I	II	III
MPC	I	II	III
QSP	I	II	III
CTVG	I	II	III
PUSV	I	II	III|-

Legend: Green - Uti rogas (Yes), Red - Antiquo (No), Yellow - Abstineo (Abstain)

December 2770

Presiding Magistrate

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, Princeps Senatus

Quorum

The Senate of Nova Roma currently has 17 members, all of whom are senators with full rights. Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus is on Leave - his Proxy is assigned to Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix - therefore, as per XI.J of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV, he is deemed present.

Thus, there are 17 voting members of the Senate giving a minimum quorum of 12 voting members. With 17 voting members present the quorum is achieved.

Schedule

09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. XII Kal. Ian. 2770 AVC	(21 December 2017)	Call to order. Debate period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of pr. Kal. Ian. 2770 AVC	(31 December 2017)	Debate period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of Kal. Ian. 2771 AVC	(01 January 2018)	Call to vote. Voting period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of Non. Ian. 2771 AVC	(05 January 2018)	Voting period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. VIII Id. Ian. 2771 AVC	(06 January 2018)	Call to close issued before this time.

Agenda

I	Budget for FY 2018
II	Tax Rate for FY 2018
III	Class Upgrade Fee for FY 2018
IV.A	Election Procedure SCU from Caesar
IV.B	Election Procedure SC from Caninus
V	Revised SCs on dealing with Capti Censi to Assidui

List of Senators who voted in this session

The following 14 senators cast votes in time during this formal session of the Senate. Their initials and full names are listed below in alphabetical order by nomen:

Initials	Name
PACP	P. Annaeus Constantinus Placidus
MCGG	M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus
LCSF	L. Cornelius Sulla Felix, Acting Princeps Senatus
StaCVIA	Sta. Cornelia Valeriana Iuliana Aeternia
QFM	Q. Fabius Maximus
CnIC	Cn. Iulius Caesar
DeIPI	De. Iunius Palladius Invictus, Princeps Senatus (on leave)
TIS	T. Iulius Sabinus
CMCV	C. Maria Caeca
CPD	C. Petronius Dexter
MPC	M. Pompeius Caninus
QSP	Q. Suetonius Paulinus
CTVG	C. Tullius Valerianus Germanicus
PUSV	P. Ullerius Stephanus Venator

Item I - Budget for FY 2018

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE BUDGET FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 2018

Budget Item	Amount	Description
Webhosting	$ 280.00	HostGator
Webhosting	$ 500.00	Sweden transition
Registerred Agent	$ 250.00	Ainsworth
Annual Report	$ 40.00	State of Maine
QuickBooks	$ 575.00	Quickbooks
Office and Budget Supplies	$ 50.00
Mail Box Rental	$ 75.00	Not purchased so far - using my residence
Paypal Fees	$ 50.00
Discretionary Consular Fund	$ 300.00	$150 per Consul
Domain Renewal Fees	$ 200.00
Marketing	$ 500.00
Attorney Fees	$ 3,000.00
Reimburse prior reserve	$ 500.00
	_________
Total	$ 6,320.00

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	11
Antiquo	3
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
MPC	Uti rogas
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Item II - Tax Rate for FY 2018

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE TAX RATE FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 2018

Class	Amount	Last Year
Class I	$ 48.00	Was $48.00
Class II	$ 43.00	Was $42.00
Class III	$ 35.00	Was $33.00
Class IV	$ 26.00	Was $24.00
Class V	$ 19.00	Was $17.00

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	10
Antiquo	4
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas	"The increase is in line with other groups to which I belong as an adjustment to take reasonable increases in expenditures and reserves in mind."
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
MPC	Antiquo	"As no financial reports have been published, I cannot vote in favor of a tax increase."
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Item III - Class Upgrade Fee for FY 2018

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON CLASS UPGRADE FEE FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 2018

Set at $500.00

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	11
Antiquo	3
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
MPC	Uti rogas
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Item IV.A - Election Procedure SCU from Caesar

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON ELECTORAL PROCESS TO BE USED IN THE COMITIA CENTURIATA

A. This Senatus Consultum Ultimum (SCU) is issued under the authority vested in the Senate of Nova Roma (Nova Roma Inc.) pursuant to the Nova Roman Constitution section V.E. and takes effect immediately upon being enacted by the Senate of Nova Roma.

B. All leges concerning the process of elections within the Comitia Centuriata are suspended for the duration of the life of this SCU, including but not limited to the Lex Cornelia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum.

C. Rules on the elections in the Comitia Centuriata:

1. When the total number of Senators and those enrolled in the Ordo Equester exceeds the amount shown that cell then the number of centuries increases. The active column advances one to the right. That column then becomes the one with the current totals of centuries per class.

2. All centuries increase as the number of Senators and Ordo Equester members increase

3. The CP level in the lex of 220 for membership of the Ordo Equester is retained as a membership qualification, but bears no further relevance once a citizen is addmitted to the Ordo

4. All non-assidui are allocated to the Capite censi century. Neither CP, or Senate or Ordo Equester membership held shall not affect that placement. Citizens must be assidui to be allocated to their correct class.

5. Assidui senators and assidui members of the Ordo Equester are allocated to the centuries shown in the active operating column (based on total of Senate and Ordo individuals - see 1 above) with one member (whether Senatorial or Ordo Equester to each century available).

6. The centuries shown in the active column are the maximum number available for allocation

7. Non-senatorial or Ordo Equester assudi citizens are first divided up into classes 1 - 5 inclusive based on their CP.

8. Each of the citizens in 7 above are ranked in their respective classes, with the citizen with highest CP in that class first. Where one or more citizens have the same CP, they will be ranked by the order of joining with the citizen with longest service first, and then decreasing in join date order.

9. If citizens have joined on the same day at 8 above then the oldest in age shall be placed first. If those citizens were born on the same day a coin toss shall decide who goes first.

10. The active total of centuries are now numbered with the number for the Senate and Ordo being numbered 1 to whatever the number shown for the Senate/Ordo is. In column D for example, they would be numbered 1 -24.

11. Class 1 has its centuries numbered by starting with the next century number sequentially after the last Senate/Ordo century, in the case of column D it would start with 25, then 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30. (there being 6 centuries for Class 1 in this column)

12. The number of voters in the first century of a class must be 1 greater than the last century in the class above it.

13. Within a class each century must have the same number of voters as, or less than, the century lower than it

14. After allocation the number of filled centuries must not exceed the maximum available for that class in the active column.

15. Where the number of citizens in a higher numbered class is greater than or the same as than the last century in the class above then enough citizens in that previous class shall be moved to the higher numbered class until the amended total is 1 greater in the higher numbered class

16. If a citizen paid for an upgrade in class they shall be refunded the money they paid for a class upgrade if as a result of 15 above they move to a higher class again.

17. Before Senators, or members of the Ordo Equester, can be appointed the minimum number of assidui citizens for that active column must have been reached. If it has not been reached, then regardless of the numbers eligible the active band shall not move to the right.

18. Where there are more potential Senators and Ordo members combined than centuries available, but not enough assidui citizens to move the active column to the right, then the Senators shall take precedence and in order of seniority.(office held, then by year of election, then length of citizenship, then age)

19. Potential Senators for appointment shall be ordered first by office held (senior first), then if necessary by year of election, then citizen number, then by age, then if all that fails by coin toss)

20. Class 5 must always be comprised of 2 centuries, to be greater than the Capite censi century. Citizen shall be adjusted between Classes 1 -4 to ensure that the number in the Capite censi is always 1 more than in the last century in Class 5 (very, very rare)

21. Any situation that is not covered by these rules, and which would result in one of these rules being violated shall be decided by the Censors, keeping as much as they can to the spirit of these rules.

D. Notes for guidance - principles used:

1 The Senate and Ordo Equester members as those who have "shown the greatest commitment to Nova Roma" have the centuries weighted accordingly as per the bylaws.

2. The class and century point divisions as per the lex are maintained, except for the removal of the Ordo Equester as a separate block of centuries, and for the setting of Class 5 minimum CP at 1 now.

3. Only members of Capite censi are non-assidui citizens, regardless of status, position etc.

4. The number of assidui citizens as the determing factor for growth in the centuries is removed, to accommodate the maintance of the Senate/Ordo advantage as they grow.

5. Classes 1 - 5 maintain the principle of always the higher class has less centuries, therefore maintaining the principle that as you go into a lower numbered class, from 4 to 3 for example, then once in 3 your vote counts for more as there are less people allocated to a century.

6. The rotational method of allocation to available centuries, low to high, high to low and so, maintains the principle that those with higher CP still potentially fall into centuries with less members the lower the century number.

7. The last column, where Senators and ordo members combined equal 102 (or more) has the remaining availble centuries to make 193 spread between Class 1 to 5..

8. The increment of Senators and Ordo is by 6.. The rationale is that every normal year a maximum of 6 can be added (2 praetors, 2, consuls, 1 censor/1 Ordo). If the Ordo grows faster then it will push the total up too.

9. The Lex Popillia senatoria 15% threshold is utilized, keeping to the spirit of keeping the Senate proportionate to citizens. Ex-magistrates awaiting appointment to the Senate can attend and listen, and if permitted by the Presiding Magistrate speak, but shall not vote as per their not being classed as Senators under the Constitution/Bylaws.

E. The administration of this electoral process, including the methodology of resolution of any unforeseen issues not covered in the SCU that arise from its operation, shall be as determined under any subsequent SCU issued for the purpose of determining the roles and staffing of the electoral team members. Such an SCU may not exceed such a scope and limit, and must not alter the content, intent and purpose of this SCU. Nothing in this SCU shall empower any person in the course of the administration of this SCU, including resolution of unforeseen issues, to negatively impact or reduce in any way the provisions laid out here.

F. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus Consultum must be by way of a Senatus Consultum, or Senatus Consultum Ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden.

B. No other Senatus Consultum or Senatus Consultum Ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus Consultum Ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section F.A. of this Senatus Consultum Ultimum.

G. This Senatus Consultum Ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section F.A. of this Senatus Consultum Ultimum.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	10
Antiquo	4
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
MPC	Antiquo	"This election procedure will not ease concerns and suspicions held by many, if not most, citizens regarding the legitimacy and fairness of elections."
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Item IV.B - Election Procedure SC from Caninus

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON ELECTORAL PROCESS TO BE USED IN THE COMITIA CENTURIATA (Failed)

1. The CFO shall open a special tax payment period. During this period, all citizens who were registered with the censores prior to July 1, 2015, shall be allowed to pay their calendar year 2018 taxes without late fees or penalties to enter assiduus status immediately and remain in assiduus status for the remainder of the calendar year 2018. The period for making these payments shall be at least 30 days.

2. The CFO shall produce a list of all assidui citizens, sorted by census points, nomen, cognomen (including agnomen, if any), and praenomen, at the close of this special tax period and also post the list on the Nova Roma Main List. The CIO shall post this list of all assidui citizens in the Nova Roma Wiki. Elections shall not begin until at least 14 days following the posting of this list of taxpayers to allow citizens time to review the list and report any errors or omissions.

3. The CFO and CIO shall assign citizens to tribes for the comitia plebis tributa and comitia populi tributa in accordance with applicable Nova Roma leges.

4. The CFO and CIO shall assign tax paying citizens to Classes 1 through 5 for the comitia centuriata using the sorted list of all assidui published by the CFO. If the total number of assidui is not evenly divisible by five, the CFO and CIO shall place one, two, three, or four less citizens in Class 1, as needed, to ensure Classes 2, 3, 4, and 5 have equal numbers of citizens. The CFO and CIO shall assign all equites to Century 1. The CFO and CIO shall then spread the assignment of all remaining taxpayers to Classes 1 through 5, so they are spread equally across the five classes, except as needed to accommodate a total number of assidui citizens not evenly divisible by five. The CFO and CIO shall also ensure assidui citizens, except equites, are assigned to classes in descending census point rank so those assidui citizens who have earned the highest number of census points are in Class 1 and those with the lowest census points are in Class 5.

5. The citizens in the list of assidui assigned to Class 1 will be assigned to centuries in such a way that there will be three citizens per century and the citizens with the highest census points will be in Century 2. Citizens assigned to Class 1 will be assigned in decreasing order of census points to higher numbered centuries until all citizens assigned to Class 1 have been assigned a century in Class 1. As stated in paragraph 4, above, all equites will be in Century 1 and they will be the only citizens in Century 1. In the event the total remaining number of citizens assigned to Class 1 is not evenly divisible by three, Centuries 2 and 3 may be adjusted to hold two or three citizens, with two citizens assigned to the lowest numbered centuries, to allow the citizens with the highest census points to have a more favorable voting position.

6. The citizens in the list of assidui assigned to Class 2 will be assigned to centuries in such a way that there will be four citizens per century and the citizens with the highest census points will be in the first century following the end of Class 1. Citizens assigned to Class 2 will be assigned in decreasing order of census points to higher numbered centuries until all citizens assigned to Class 2 have been assigned a century in Class 2. In the event the total number of citizens assigned to Class 2 is not evenly divisible by four, the first three centuries in Class 2 may be adjusted to hold three or four citizens, with three citizens assigned to the lowest numbered centuries, to allow the citizens with the highest census points to have a more favorable voting position.

7. The citizens in the list of assidui assigned to Class 3 will be assigned to centuries in such a way that there will be five citizens per century and the citizens with the highest census points will be in the first century following the end of Class 2. Citizens assigned to Class 3 will be assigned in decreasing order of census points to higher numbered centuries until all citizens assigned to Class 3 have been assigned a century in Class 3. In the event the total number of citizens assigned to Class 3 is not evenly divisible by five, the first four centuries in Class 3 may be adjusted to hold four or five citizens, with four citizens assigned to the lowest numbered centuries, to allow the citizens with the highest census points to have a more favorable voting position.

8. The citizens in the list of assidui assigned to Class 4 will be assigned to centuries in such a way that there will be six citizens per century and the citizens with the highest census points will be in the first century following the end of Class 3. Citizens assigned to Class 4 will be assigned in decreasing order of census points to higher numbered centuries until all citizens assigned to Class 4 have been assigned a century in Class 4. In the event the total number of citizens assigned to Class 4 is not evenly divisible by six, the first five centuries in Class 4 may be adjusted to hold five or six citizens, with five citizens assigned to the lowest numbered centuries, to allow the citizens with the highest census points to have a more favorable voting position.

9. The citizens in the list of assidui assigned to Class 5 will be assigned to centuries in such a way that there will be seven citizens per century and the citizens with the highest census points will be in the first century following the end of Class 4. Citizens assigned to Class 5 will be assigned in decreasing order of census points to higher numbered centuries until all citizens assigned to Class 5 have been assigned a century in Class 5. In the event the total number of citizens assigned to Class 5 is not evenly divisible by seven, the first six centuries in Class 5 may be adjusted to hold six or seven citizens, with six citizens assigned to the lowest numbered centuries, to allow the citizens with the highest census points to have a more favorable voting position.

10. The citizens whose names do not appear in the list of assidui produced by the CFO at paragraph two, above, shall be assigned by the CFO and CIO to a single century with the number immediately following the last century in Class 5.

11. The CIO shall publish the final, full list of citizens with their Class, Century, and Tribe assignments on the Wiki. Elections shall not begin until at least 10 days following the posting of the Class and Century assignments on the Wiki.

12. The Nova Roma Senate shall determine the time and date of the elections in accordance with applicable Nova Roma leges; however, the first day of contio for election in the comitia centuriata must be within 90 days of the adoption of these provisions by the Senate. The first day of contio for the comitia plebis tributa and comitia populi tributa shall also be within 90 days of the adoption of these provision by the Senate; however, the timing of the elections in these comitia need not coincide with the comitia centuriata - the elections in these comitia may have differing schedules. The Nova Roma Senate shall determine who, from among the members of the Senate, shall serve as election officials. Additionally, the Nova Roma Senate shall not make any adjustments or changes to the assignment of citizens to centuries or tribes as published in the Nova Roma Wiki (see paragraph 11, above).

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	4
Antiquo	9
Abstineo	1
Failed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Antiquo	"Only due to the hard deadline of an election, without regard to the outstanding issues between the litigants/separatists et al."
LCSF	Antiquo	"Only due to the hard deadline of an election, without regard to the outstanding issues between the litigants/separatists et al."
CnIC	Antiquo
TIS	Antiquo
PACP	Uti rogas
QFM	Antiquo
PUSV	Abstineo	"points to ponder here, and perhaps integrate..."
StaCVIA	Antiquo	"Only due to the hard deadline of an election, without regard to the outstanding issues between the litigants/separatists et al."
CTVG	Uti rogas
MPC	Uti rogas	"This procedure for elections will ease concerns regarding the fairness of Nova Roma elections."
MCGG	Antiquo
CPD	Uti rogas
CMCV	Antiquo
QSP	Antiquo

Item V - Revised SCs on dealing with Capti Censi to Assidui

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON AMENDMENT TO THE SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR ASSESSING THE ANNUAL TAX FOR NEW OR RETURNING CITIZENS

I. The SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR ASSESSING THE ANNUAL TAX FOR NEW OR RETURNING CITIZENS shall be amended as follows:

A. Section II shall be replaced by the following wording: "The process for granting assidui status to a person who previously resigned Nova Roman citizenship and who now wishes to rejoin Nova Roma with assidui status shall be the same as the process in the SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CAPITE CENSI CITIZENS TO ASSIDUI CITIZENS."

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON AMENDMENT TO THE SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CAPITE CENSI CITIZENS TO ASSIDUI CITIZENS

I. The SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CAPITE CENSI CITIZENS TO ASSIDUI CITIZENS shall be amended as follows:

A. Section I shall be replaced by the following wording: "If a citizen who is classed as Capite censi, or a person who previously resigned Nova Roman citizenship and who now wishes to rejoin Nova Roma, wishes to be classed as assidui, the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Nova Roma shall examine the assidui centuries to determine which class the citizen falls within based upon his/her Album Civium recorded total century points."

B. Section II shall be replaced by the following wording: "The tax rate the citizen in the Capite censi, or the person rejoining Nova Roma, shall be required to pay for the tax year in which he/she is moved to assidui status is equal to the amount specified in Section XVI of the SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR SETTING THE NOVA ROMAN ANNUAL TAX RATE."

C. Section III shall be replaced by the following wording: "A person who previously resigned Nova Roman citizenship and now wishes to rejoin Nova Roma shall pay in addition to the amount set out at Section II of this Senatus consultum, an administrative fee of $100 (one hundred dollars) USD."

D. Section IV shall be added with the following wording: "Any amount owing under any previous payment arrangement, as per XVIII of the SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE PROCESS FOR SETTING THE NOVA ROMAN ANNUAL TAX RATE, that remains outstanding and unpaid by the citizen wishing to move from the Capite censi to assidui status, or a person rejoining Nova Roma wishing to move to assidui status, must be paid in full, in addition to any amount owing under previous sections of this Senatus consultum, before assidui status can be granted."

E. Section V shall be added with the following wording: "A citizen who failed to pay the annual tax for his/her class for the tax year immediately prior to the tax year in which he/she requests to make, or makes, a tax payment, but as a result of such failure has not yet been moved to the Capite censi by the Censors, shall be assessed for tax in the same manner as a member of the Capite censi and therefore shall have his/her tax assessed and levied under the process described in Section B above."

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	10
Antiquo	4
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas	"Some "late fee" seems reasonable. Many of the groups to which I belong have some penalty attached for tardiness in paying dues, whether monetary or reduced ability to participate."
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
CTVG	Antiquo
MPC	Antiquo	"Given the Byzantine process for returning to Nova Roma citizenship, I find the idea of penalties or ‘administrative fees’ absurd. There is no administrative burden to justify such a fee; this is just a means to penalize people."
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Session Voting Summary Results by Senator

A visual summary of the votes cast by each Senator:

Initials	Item I	Item II	Item III	Item IV.A	Item IV.B	Item V
DeIPI	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
LCSF	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
CnIC	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
TIS	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
PACP	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
PUSV	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
QFM	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
StaCVIA	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
CTVG	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
MPC	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
MCGG	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
CPD	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
CMCV	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V
QSP	I	II	III	IV.A	IV.B	V

Legend: Green - Uti rogas (Yes), Red - Antiquo (No), Yellow - Abstineo (Abstain)

January 2771

Presiding Magistrate

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, Princeps Senatus

Quorum

The Senate of Nova Roma currently has 17 members, all of whom are senators with full rights. Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus is on Leave - his Proxy is assigned to Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix. Statia Cornelia Valeriana Iuliana Aeternia was also excused - her Proxy is assigned to Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix. Therefore, as per XI.J of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV, both are deemed present.

Thus, there are 17 voting members of the Senate giving a minimum quorum of 12 voting members. With 17 voting members present the quorum is achieved.

Schedule

09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. XVII Kal. Feb. ‡ 2771 AVC	(16 January 2018)	Call to order. Debate period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. IX Kal. Feb. ‡ 2771 AVC	(24 January 2018)	Debate period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of a.d. VIII Kal. Feb. ‡ 2771 AVC	(25 January 2018)	Call to vote. Voting period commences.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of prid. Kal. Feb. ‡ 2771 AVC	(31 January 2018)	Voting period ends.
09:00 AM Arizona Time of Kal. Feb. ‡ 2771 AVC	(01 February 2018)	Call to close session.

Agenda

I	Electoral process (Discussion only)
II	Competing Organizations
III	CIO reappointment

List of Senators who voted in this session

The following 13 senators cast votes in time during this formal session of the Senate. Their initials and full names are listed below in alphabetical order by nomen:

Initials	Name
PACP	P. Annaeus Constantinus Placidus
MCGG	M. Cornelius Gualterus Graecus
LCSF	L. Cornelius Sulla Felix, Acting Princeps Senatus
StaCVIA	Sta. Cornelia Valeriana Iuliana Aeternia
QFM	Q. Fabius Maximus
CnIC	Cn. Iulius Caesar
DeIPI	De. Iunius Palladius Invictus, Princeps Senatus (on leave)
TIS	T. Iulius Sabinus
CMCV	C. Maria Caeca
CPD	C. Petronius Dexter
MPC	M. Pompeius Caninus
QSP	Q. Suetonius Paulinus
PUSV	P. Ullerius Stephanus Venator

Item II - Competing Organizations

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE DESIGNATION OF FREE NOVA ROMA AND SAVING NOVA ROMA AS COMPETING ORGANIZATIONS

The Senate of Nova Roma deems that the organizations, which are effectively one and the same organization, known and/or operating as:

Free Nova Roma (aka Non-corporate Nova Roma, aka Nova Roma non-corporate community)

and

Saving Nova Roma

and which are currently operating at the time of the enactment of this Senatus consultum under the internet domain names of:

http://nova-roma.org/

https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/saving-nova-roma/info

are competing organizations.

This Senatus consultum shall apply also to any successor organization that may arise from a change of operating name of either or both organizations, or a change of either or both URLs where a similar purpose as one or both organizations is evident.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	10
Antiquo	3
Abstineo	0
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas
PACP	Antiquo
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas	"Competition can come from within, have seen organizations with smaller, similar and larger membership torn apart by internal dissent. My advice has long been, do not like how things are going, and other folks do, and do not want your change, go someplace where you can create something to your wants. I have to say it is ironic that a Priest of Concornia is one of the dissident voices."
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
MPC	Antiquo	"I vote against designating Nova Roma members who established a website and mailing list as a competing organization. The notion that they are a competing organization is silly. Saving Nova Roma is not an organization, it is simply a mailing list for the plaintiffs. Free Nova Roma is simply a website run by some of the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs cannot be a competing organization, regardless of any concerns about a 'state within a state' or conspiracy theories that members of this body may entertain. Designating members of Nova Roma who have a beef with the Senate as having established a competing organization is an inflammatory action that shows the Senate has no desire to negotiate or to defuse the conflict. With this agenda item, the Senate majority is yet again stealing power from the citizens in comitia by enacting rules regarding membership that should be decided by the members."
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas	"Had the litigants not held elections and established a rogue NR Government, it is likely I would have advocated for some sort of negotiations, even some form of compromise ..but this action, and the statements of Lentulus on the main forum, basically indicating that the corporation itself is illegitimate precludes that. If they have their own Government and Magistrates, they are, ipso facto, a state within a State, and thus a competing organization housed with Nova Roma itself. I find this entirely unacceptable, and while I am loathe to stand against many who I once considered friends, even close friends, my interest, and my ONLY interest, is the well being and protection of Nova Roma itself."
QSP	Uti rogas

Item III - CIO reappointment

Proposal

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE REAPPOINTMENT OF MARCUS POMPEIUS CANINUS AS CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER

The Senate of Nova Roma appoints Marcus Pompeius Caninus as CIO/MA for a period of 2 years, effective with the passage of this Senatus Consultum. His two year term shall end on 01 February 2020.

Result

Vote	Result
Uti rogas	11
Antiquo	1
Abstineo	1
Passed

Individual votes

Initials	Vote	Comments
DeIPI	Uti rogas
LCSF	Uti rogas
CnIC	Uti rogas
TIS	Uti rogas	"However I want to believe we reappoint a CIO who will protect Nova Roma and not look superficially to those who registered the necessary tools (webdomain for example) to run a parasite organization."
PACP	Uti rogas
QFM	Uti rogas
PUSV	Uti rogas	"I think continuity is good, and a reasoned mind, even if we have a few small points of difference, is good in this position."
StaCVIA	Uti rogas
MPC	Abstineo
MCGG	Uti rogas
CPD	Antiquo
CMCV	Uti rogas
QSP	Uti rogas

Session Voting Summary Results by Senator

A visual summary of the votes cast by each Senator:

Initials	Item II	Item III
DeIPI	II	III
LCSF	II	III
CnIC	II	III
TIS	II	III
PACP	II	III
PUSV	II	III
QFM	II	III
StaCVIA	II	III
MPC	II	III
MCGG	II	III
CPD	II	III
CMCV	II	III
QSP	II	III

Legend: Green - Uti rogas (Yes), Red - Antiquo (No), Yellow - Abstineo (Abstain)

February 2771

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE POLICY FOR COMPETING ORGANIZATIONS AND NOVA ROMAN CITIZENS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. It is issued to address the need for a process to evaluate the degree of risk, if any, posed to Nova Roma by citizens who hold either office or membership in, or who have espoused support for, an organization that has been deemed to be a Competing Organization by the Senate. For an organization to be deemed as competing, the Senate usually has to be satisfied that among other prevailing circumstances, the principal actors in it are either openly hostile or ill disposed to Nova Roma and/or its Senate, and/or have a contentious and troubled history with Nova Roma as former citizens. The organization may, or may not, reflect this in its foundation or other documents, or alternatively evidence for such a conclusion can be ascertained from postings by those principal actors, or other officials, or members/supporters of the organization.

III. An organization may also be deemed competing on the grounds that while it may not be essentially hostile in nature to Nova Roma and/or its Senate, it maybe in direct competition as Nova Roma for the same demographic of actual or potential members. Clearly there is a potential risk to Nova Roma's internal stability and its governance, its electoral process and electoral results, and its financial and real assets, from citizens who may be in a state of conflict of interest between Nova Roma and the competing organization. This risk is especially great in respect of the Nova Roman Senate (Board of Directors), where there is a clear expectation that Senators are able to execute their fiduciary duties owed to Nova Roma, even though their service is voluntary, without the contamination of such a conflict of interest. As a general principle corporations do not, and cannot, tolerate such conflicts of interest.

IV. The purpose of this Senatus consultum ultimum is to establish a process for the evaluation of risk posed by citizens of Nova Roma who are, or who maybe, officials, or members/supporters of a Competing Organization, to provide a process for risk evaluation, verification, communication with the citizen, action priority and action selection recommendations, evaluation by the Senate, appeals process, and future remedies.. The process will provide Nova Roma with a method to minimize or remove risk, while at the same time affording citizens an opportunity to challenge the veracity of any evidence, mount appeals, and provide future remedies that can remove actions taken. This process does not, and will not, address the issue of whether an organization itself deserves in the view of the citizen, or others, to be deemed a Competing Organization. Determination of that is a separate and distinct process which already has occurred as a result of considered deliberation by the Senate, and been so ascertained.

V. PROCESS STAGES:

A. Information gathering / provision B. Information validation / rating C. Priority rating / Action recommendation D. Senate referral / action E. Appeal / remedies

VI. INFORMATION GATHERING / PROVISION

A. Information may come to the notice of a Nova Roman official(s) that a citizen is an official, or member/supporter of a Competing Organization. That information generally may be drawn from:

1. Posts made by that citizen in a public forum/social media, Nova Roman or otherwise 2. Information provided directly by the citizen to Nova Roma / Nova Roman official 3. Information provided to a Nova Roman official(s) by another citizen or by a third party (individual or corporate) 4. Anonymously provided

B. Once that information is in the possession of that Nova Roman official(s) he shall forward it to the consuls (if in office) and the Princeps senatus. That information will then be assigned by either the consuls or the Princeps senatus to the chair of the Senate Policy Committee (SPC) for investigation.

VII. INFORMATION VALIDATION / RATING

A. The chair of the SPC will then assign the investigation as he/she sees fit to either the whole SPC, or to a working group of Senators within it. The chair will also ensure that the citizen is informed of the investigation, using the citizen's most recent email address on record. The citizen will be informed that information has been obtained that they are an official, or member, or supporter of a Competing Organization and asked to confirm or deny that assertion, and also asked if he/she wishes to comment, or provide further information. The inquiry will not be delayed waiting for a response from the citizen. The Senators who are assigned to the matter shall take all necessary and practicable steps to validate the sources of the information. If possible in cases of doubt as to authenticity they should directly communicate with the source to validate. As a general rule hearsay evidence is not evidence, unless the source is determined to be reliable and is prepared to go on record and participate in any future proceedings that may be taken against the citizen. Documentary evidence from a reliable source is required. Anonymously provided information must be verifiable and validated by other means before it can be accepted. This will be assessed on a case by case basis. A person offering to provide information may wish his/her identity kept confidential before they transmit the information, and if the Senators assigned ascertain from the person that they can verify the information from a documentary source, public or otherwise, or from another person who does not request confidentiality, that request will be honored. This will be assessed on a case by case basis.

B. After the validation process has been completed, Senators assigned will rate the information as:

1. Certainly true 2. Likely true 3. Possibly true 4. Unlikely to be true 5. Untrue

C. Certainly true rating guideline

Senators assigned will rate information as this if it comes from a verifiable public source. They will also rate it as such when they believe from the information to hand, that it is beyond all reasonable doubt certain to be true.

D. Likely true rating guideline

Senators assigned will rate information as this if there is no degree of certainty, but there is reasonable, or probable, cause, that it maybe true. Senators will take into account the reliability of the source.

E. Possibly true rating guideline

Senators assigned will rate information as this if it is not likely true, but there remains the possibility that it is true, as it is conceivable that it could be from the information to hand and the circumstances, and actions/posts of the citizen. Senators will take into account the reliability of the source.

F. Unlikely to be true rating guideline

Senators assigned will rate information as this if on the basis of the information available it is not possibly true, but there remains some degree of uncertainty or doubt that does not allow them to rate it as false. Senators will take into account the reliability of the source.

G. Untrue rating guideline

Senators assigned will rate information as this if it is self-evidently false, or where their investigations have led them to conclude it is so. Senators will take into account the reliability, or unreliability, of the source. Information maybe provided/obtained in good faith under the initial belief the information is true, but where upon subsequent investigation it is found to be factually untrue. Senators will also consider whether such information was deliberately provided knowing it was false, and if they believe so they shall refer the matter to the praetors for their consideration of an investigation into possible Code of Conduct violations by the source under the Lex Cornelia poenalis.

VIII. PRIORITY RATING / ACTION RECOMMENDATION

A. Senators assigned will then determine the priority response rating as either:

1. Immediate 2. Regular 3. Deferred 4. Nil

B. Immediate priority response rating guidelines

Senators assigned will apply this rating when a citizen is posting, or otherwise circulating, within Nova Roma, material/posts that are deemed to cause an "imminent and clear danger" to Nova Roma and/or the Senate, or when the continued very presence of the citizen within Nova Roma, with or without any posting, itself represents an "imminent and clear danger" to Nova Roma and/or the Senate given the citizen's position in the Competing organization and/or Nova Roma and past behavior and likely future behavior based on the evidence available. Aggravating factors will include, but not be limited to, attempts to suborn members away from Nova Roma, posting factually incorrect propaganda on behalf of the Competing Organization, engaging in defamation towards Nova Roma and/or its officials. Often such a citizen maybe a principal actor within a Competing Organization, or a high official or otherwise influential person with it. Persistent support of a Competing Organization may also qualify as deserving this response. Generally this would be a high risk to Nova Roma.

C. Regular priority response rating guidelines

Senators assigned will apply this rating when there is no immediate risk to Nova Roma but the citizen has continuously indicated his support for a Competing Organization and/or is an official/member of that organization. Generally this would be a medium risk to Nova Roma.

D. Deferred priority response rating guidelines

Senators assigned will apply this rating when there is no immediate risk to Nova Roma and:

1. They consider a more detailed investigation is required by the SPC 2. They consider that the matter should be referred to the praetors to investigate possible Code of Conduct violations by the citizen under the Lex Cornelia poenalis

Generally this will be a medium to low risk to Nova Roma, but it has potential to be higher or lower on the scale of risk, depending on the results of any investigation.

E. Nil priority response rating guidelines

Senators assigned will apply this rating when there is no likelihood of risk to Nova Roma.

F. Action recomendation

1. In order to ensure consistency of actions recommended and that subsequently may be applied, Senators assigned will use the grid below to determine the course of action to be recommended based on the combination of the information rating and the priority rating. Cross-referencing the deduced information rating and risk will, at the intersection of the two, produce a number that represents a recommended action. This recommended action grid is a guide for the Senate but the Senate may add, or remove, suggested courses of action from any final determination of sanctions to imposed on a citizen under a SCU, in order that specific circumstances pertaining to the citizen are adequately addressed.

SCU COCITGrid.png

1 = Immediate Senate action 2 = Censorial action 3 = Regular Senate action 4 = Praetorial investigation 5 = SPC further inquiries 6 = SPC monitor 7 = No further action 2. Immediate Senate action (1)

As per the authority below requires immediate action, or as soon as possible, to allow the Senate to discuss possible sanctions in order to protect Nova Roma, including moderation of posts on official Nova Roman forums to prevent an "imminent and clear danger" to Nova Roma, up to and including banishment. In cases of banishment the Senate will use the Lex Cornelia poenalis to determine the appropriate length of banishment, based on the specific type of conduct of the citizen, or to determine lesser sanctions if the Senate deems appropriate. This level of action recommendation can also include Censorial action (2) and/or Regular Senate action (3) level actions.

3. Censorial action (2)

As per the authority below the implementation of a nota against the citizen, as well as Regular Senate action (3).

4. Regular Senate action (3)

As per the authority below this will comprise the removal of the citizen from all offices, whether elected or appointed, within all Nova Roman official bodies / institutions and the removal of all honorary titles. The CFO will refund any tax paid in the tax year that the action is taken against the citizen, less any arrears that maybe owing. The citizen's Census Points are reduced to zero and the citizen shall be moved to the capite censi and the urban tribes. A citizen may not candidate for elected office/position and/or be appointed to any office/position in any Nova Roman institution/body/group.

5. Praetorial investigation (4)

The chair of the SPC will refer the matter to the praetors for further investigation and possible praetorial action for any Code of Conduct violation disclosed, as per the Lex Cornelia poenalis.

6. SPC further inquiries (5)

The matter will be retained by the SPC for further inquiries. The citizen maybe contacted in the course of those inquiries. In the case of untrue but deferred, Senators may pursue further inquiries if they consider that while the specific information provided is untrue, there are circumstances that warrant further investigation. This maybe downgraded to either SPC monitor (6) or No Further Action (7), or upgraded to any level above appropriate, based on the inquiry result.

7. SPC monitor (6)

The matter will be retained by the SPC for a period of three months, to be re-assessed if new information becomes available, and if no such information becomes available after three months it shall be treated as No Further Action and closed.

8. No Further Action (7)

The matter is closed with no sanctions and no further action to be taken.

IX. SENATE REFERRAL / ACTION

A.

1. Where a matter has been determined to be requiring Immediate Senate action (1), Censorial action (2) or Regular Senate action (3), the chair of the SPC will first ensure that the citizen is informed by email of the results of the investigation, together with the recommended action. The chair of the SPC may inform the consuls and censors that an investigation against the citizen has commenced. While the matter is subject to such an investigation (action recommendation 1 - 6 inclusive) or Senate deliberations of the matter, the citizen is not eligible to be accepted as a candidate for any elected office/position, and the censors and/or consuls shall not accept any such candidature from the citizen during the period of retention by the SPC or during any Praetorial investigation or any Senate deliberation of the investigation results. A citizen shall not be appointed to any Nova Roman office/position during the period of retention by the SPC or during any Praetorial investigation or any Senate deliberation of the investigation results. Any such candidature/election/appointment is automatically void. Magistrates and officials of Nova Roma who have been duly empowered to appoint persons to positions must, before making such appointments, contact the chair of the SPC to ensure there is no investigation/Senate deliberation being conducted in respect of a citizen they propose to appoint. If the chair of the SPC informs them that there is an investigation/Senate deliberation the appointment must not be made and any offers to so appoint made to the citizen shall be cancelled. If the chair of the SPC informs them that there is no investigation/Senate deliberation the appointment may proceed. The determination of whether any Praetorial investigation is in progress should be made by contacting the praetors. Any factual error in communicating whether an investigation by way of either SPC, Praetorial or Senate deliberation, shall not validate such a candidature/election/appointme nt. When a matter is referred for Praetorial investigation, the period between transfer from the SPC until acceptance by the Praetor(s), as per section VI.c.i of the Lex Cornelia poenalis, shall still be classified as an SPC investigation. Any factual error made in communicating whether an investigation, by way of either SPC/Praetorial investigation or Senate deliberation, is in progress shall not validate such a candidature/election/appointme nt.

2. The chair of the SPC will invite the citizen to prepare a written submission for the attention of the Senate either confirming or denying the information, or disputing the recommendations. The citizen may cite mitigating circumstances or any other commentary he/she wishes to make on the matter. The citizen is not under any obligation or compulsion to comment if he/she chooses not to do so but in the absence of any submission/comment by the citizen, the Senate may attach extra weight to the inference that the citizen is an official or member or supporter of the Competing Organization. The citizen may consider, if he/she confirms the information, communicating his/her intention to resolve the conflict of interest by resigning from either the Competing Organization or from Nova Roma. If the citizens states his intention to resign from the Competing Organization then those parts of section X.B which are pertinent to this stage of the process must be followed.. In the event that he/she resigns from Nova Roma or renounces his/her citizenship, the proceedings may still continue regardless.

3. The citizen should be invited to send such a reply, if he/she wishes to do so, to the Princeps senatus, or he/she may provide such a reply to a Senator of Nova Roma.

4. The chair of the SPC will review the investigation, may return it to the assigned Senators for clarification or further investigation, and generally act as the manager and supervisor of the application of the investigation process. Upon the chair being satisfied with the submitted investigation he/she will then prepare a report on the results of the inquiry and post it to the Senate list. If there is more than one inquiry being conducted by the SPC then chair may elect to group more than one inquiry together to save Senate time, dependent on when those inquiries will be brought to a conclusion. Such a decision is at the discretion of the chair of the SPC.

B. Upon receipt of that post the Princeps senatus shall wait fourteen days to allow the citizen to be afforded the opportunity to reply if he/she wishes to do so. Any Senator who receives such a reply directly from the citizen, shall forthwith and with no delay post it to the Senate list. If the citizen replies in less than fourteen days, or in the case of no reply after the fourteen days have elapsed, the Princeps senatus shall summon the Senate into Formal Session, which shall be a closed session for any item referred under this Senatus consultum ultimum, as per the conditions for closed session as set out in the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

C.

1. The Senate shall be able to question the chair of the SPC, or the Senators who conducted the inquiry. The recommended course of action can be altered during the debate period based upon the expressed views of Senators. The presiding magistrate shall put the matter to a vote, which to be enacted shall require a simple majority.

2. The chair of the SPC will prepare a draft Senatus consultum ultimum (SCU) to be voted upon and it shall include the actions to be taken against the citizen. In cases where Censorial action (2) is recommended the required action shall be included in the SCU to be voted upon and shall contain an instruction to the censors to place a nota against the citizen. If there is an apparent majority of Senators during the debate period in favor of referral back to the SPC for further inquiries to be made in respect of the citizen, the Princeps senatus may elect to direct the chair of the SPC to either add an alternative motion to the Senatus consultum ultimum reflecting that option, or he may withdraw the item prior to the voting period and direct the chair of the SPC to re-assign it for further inquiries. The Senatus consultum ultimum may contain a date before which the remedy process cannot be requested by the citizen but on or after the date may so request. If the citizen resigns/renounces his/her citizenship prior to that date, then the Senate on any subsequent approval that citizen's re-application for citizenship shall determine, if it so wishes, a new date before which the remedy process cannot be requested in respect of any actions that were in force at the time of the resignation/renunciation .

3. If the citizen submits an email in reply, which contains new information that clearly make the proceedings unnecessary, the chair of the SPC shall withdraw such item from consideration by the Senate. Any actions taken shall remain valid and in force until such time as the citizen, either through the processes of Appeal or Remedy, satisfies the Senate that those actions should be removed.

4. Any changes in the official Nova Roman name of the citizen, or issuance of a new citizen number, shall not affect any actions in force against the citizen under his/her old official name and/or citizen number if applicable and shall be applied to the citizen under his/her new name and/or citizen number.

5. Any citizen that attempts to evade actions placed against him/her by a successful fraudulent re-application for citizenship, shall upon discovery, have his/her new citizenship identity dealt with immediately under the terms of the Senatus Consultum on the Process of Dealing with Misinformation/Falsehoods in Citizenship Applications, and then under his/her original and true identity be subject to banishment from Nova Roma for a term of 99 years. Such banishment will be ratified by the Senate in Formal Session presided over by the Princeps senatus, and shall be enacted in a Senatus consultum ultimum.

6. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing the Senatus consultum ultimum issued in respect of a citizen(s) must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

D. If action is required against a citizen who is also a Senator under the terms of the Senatus consultum on conflicts of interest, that may take priority over the process herein, or it may be taken during or after this process, if appropriate and applicable. If it does take priority, once concluded this process may be proceeded with against that citizen.

X. APPEAL / REMEDIES / RECANTING

A. Appeal

1. If the Senate enacts sanctions against the citizen, the citizen may still appeal the decision if he/she has not previously contacted the Senate up to seven days after the enactment of the sanctions.

2. The appeal process will only be allowed to proceed if the citizen presents compelling new evidence that was previously unavailable which would support his/her contention he/she was not a member and/or supporter of a Competing Organization. The appeal process will be conducted by the Princeps senatus. The process will consist of a review of such new evidence, and if the Princeps senatus considers that the evidence or information is, to him/her, so compelling and that it is Certainly True (using the guidelines above) he/she shall summon the Senate into Formal Session at the first available opportunity.

3. Following from the summoning of the Senate at section X.A.2, the Princeps senatus shall place such new information before the Senate with a recommendation to reverse and cancel the actions taken against the citizen, which shall itself be enacted by simple majority vote in the form of a Senatus consultum ultimum. If the Senate votes against reversal and cancellation then the appeal shall fail, the actions remain in place and the Princeps senatus shall inform the citizen. This Senatus consultum ultimum authorizing reversal and cancellation of actions shall include a condition that it is conditional upon the citizen taking the oath satisfactorily within a specified number of days from the enactment of the Senatus consultum ultimum. Should the citizen fail to take oath satisfactorily the Senatus consultum ultimum shall be void and shall be considered rescinded.

B. Remedies

If actions against the citizen are duly authorized and imposed, the citizen may subsequently elect to request the removal of such actions. In order to request this the citizen must be prepared to:

1. Resign from the Competing Organization, and forward such written proof of the resignation as may be available to him/her.

2. Swear an oath, or affirm to the oath, that he/she has so resigned. The oath shall be taken on the Nova Roman Main List (Forum) or such other official public forum (except the Senate list due to Senate rules restrictions) as maybe selected by the consuls or the Princeps senatus. The oath shall be in the form prescribed below.

3. Thereafter for the continuation of the remedy process, those processes at X.A.2 and X.A.3 above shall be followed, and for the purpose of the remedy process only, the use of the word "appeal" in those sections shall be considered to be overridden and the word "remedy" substituted instead.

4. Once the Senate has approved the reversal and cancellation of actions and subsequent to that the citizen has taken the oath satisfactorily, then the Princeps senatus is empowered by the authority of this Senatus consultum ultimum to take the necessary steps to have removed such actions as the Senate has authorized to be removed, either directly or by instructing the magistrate or official responsible for administering those actions to so remove them. Some actions may be considered necessary by the Senate to be left in place, and in that case the citizen will reflect his/her knowledge this may occur in his/her oath, in the form as below.

5. A citizen who has been banished cannot seek remedy until the expiration of his/her period of banishment, and then only if he/she is once again accepted for Nova Roman citizenship, and can only seek remedies against such sanctions that remain in place, not against the banishment itself.

C. Recanting

1. If a citizen is found to have recanted, by word or deed, on his undertaking to resign prior to X.B.4 being concluded then the remedy process is cancelled.

2. If a citizen who recanted and where X.B.4 is concluded, is found to have subsequently rejoined the original Competing Organization, or joined another organization so listed as a Competing Organization, as an official and/or member, or is found to be still a supporter of that original Competing Organization or any other so listed, then the chair of the SPC shall repeat the process as though it were a new matter, but he/she shall override any grid recommendation and mark it as requiring Immediate Senate action (1), with a recommendation for banishment based on breaking his/her oath by these actions and reneging on undertakings he/she gave in that oath.

XI. FORM OF THE OATH

A. The form of the oath for citizens to swear during the appeal process or the remedy process is:

"I, [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here] do hereby solemnly swear that:

{ I have resigned all offices and membership held in [enter name of Competing Organization] }*

{ I have resigned as a member of [enter name of Competing Organization] }*

{ I have ceased my support, both in public and in private, of [enter name of Competing Organization] }*

I further swear that I understand, and am aware of, the right of the Senate to retain some, or all, of the sanctions imposed against me if it considers those necessary.

I further swear to accept the authority of the Senate, magistrates, officials (whether appointed or elected), the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force.

I further swear that I am not a member or supporter of any Competing Organization as listed at http://novaroma.org/nr/Competing_Organizations, and that I have viewed this link and that I am aware of which organizations are deemed Competing Organizations therein.

I further swear that I will refrain from joining or supporting any other Competing Organizations listed at the above link, or any other future Competing Organizations.

I further swear that at the time of swearing and/or the time of sending this, I did not engage in any religious rite, or religiously recognized or personal practice, or possess, hold, or otherwise rely on any device or method, that would invalidate this oath.

I swear that all of the above is true on my honor as a citizen of Nova Roma, and in the presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people, and I understand that in the event I am found to have subsequently broken, or revoked or forsworn this oath, or swore falsely herein, that I will be subject of an immediate recommendation to the Senate for my banishment from Nova Roma.

Signed [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here]

B. The Princeps senatus shall, after the Senate approves by way of Senatus consultum ultimum reversal and cancellation of actions, prepare the oath, deleting such parts indicated by * as do not apply, and transmit it to the citizen to the most recent email address on record for the citizen.

C. The citizen shall then post the oath without additions, deletions or changes, in the form provided to him/her, to the specified official list. Any such additions, deletions or changes shall invalidate the oath and the recanting process shall be cancelled as null and void. All actions initially taken against the citizen will remain in place.

D. A citizen who takes the oath of his/her own initiative prior to, or during, the course of an investigation or Senate hearing on the matter concerning his/her membership of a Competing Organization shall not negate or invalidate such processes. The oath can only be taken as per the process herein and with the prior consent of the Senate. Any oath taken on the initiative of the citizen alone shall have no meaning, affect on, or relevance to the process described herein.

XII. FAILURE TO ACT

Any failure or refusal by a member of the Senate, or a magistrate, to discharge a duty required under this Senatus consultum ultimum shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE for the purposes of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

XIII. AUTHORITY

A. The Senate directs and authorizes the placement of all actions required by Senatus consultum ultimum against a citizen under this process herein. In the event a magistrate fails, or refuses, to impose the action(s) required by the Senate under a Senatus consultum ultimum against a citizen, then in addition to the consequences for the magistrate under section XII above and possible Code of Conduct violations under the Lex Cornelia poenalis, then the actions required to be placed shall be deemed by authority of this Senatus consultum ultimum to be placed regardless, as if they had been issued by the magistrate failing or refusing to place those actions. Such deemed actions placed shall have the same legal force and effect as if they had been placed by the magistrate required to place them.

B. Should a citizen resign from Nova Roma, or renounce his/her citizenship, during the course of an investigation or Senate hearing process under this process, or resign/renounce after the conclusion of such while actions authorized herein remain in force, then the Senate may proceed to place such actions as it deems appropriate as though the citizen had not resigned/renounced, and any such actions imposed by this process will remain in place until such time as the resigned/renounced citizen should re-apply for citizenship and be approved by the Senate for citizenship, being a member or supporter/former member or supporter of a Competing Organization. Upon regaining citizenship those actions originally placed by this process shall remain fully in force, unless rescinded or amended by the Senate at the time of granting citizenship, until such time as they are removed by the remedy process. Any term of banishment will still have to expire before re-application for citizenship can be commenced, but lesser actions imposed under this process equally remain in force during the period of banishment, and are unaffected by the expiry of the term of banishment.

C. In cases where the Competing Organization was not declared as such by the Senate when the act of being an official or member or supporter was first occasioned, or first evidenced, then sections I.A.3.a or b of the Nova Roman Constitution shall protect the citizen from the imposition of any actions under this process, but shall not preclude any investigation being conducted. The exception to that protection is that the protection shall not apply if it can be demonstrated that the subsequently declared Competing Organization was at the time the citizen became, and/or was at the time the information can be dated to, either:

1. An organization established or operating within Nova Roma, which was illegal and/or forbidden under, either explicitly or where such could be reasonably deduced from, the provisions of, the extant Nova Roman Constitution, or under the provisions of other extant legislation

and/or

2. An organization, operating either within or outside of Nova Roma, such that a reasonable person would conclude that the pursuit of the organization's objectives would result in officials or members or supporters who were Nova Roman citizens violating the extant Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis within Nova Roma

3. The Senate deems section XIII.C.1 and XIII.C.2 above are sustained because in considering whether section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution protects the actions of a citizen, in this case herein those actions being membership of, or support for, an organization that was subsequently deemed a Competing Organization, the general purpose of section I.A.3 being to protect Nova Roman citizens from retroactive state imposed penalties cannot extend protection to membership or support of an organization that was in itself inherently illegal in structure and/or purpose, or where such would have resulted in, or caused, illegality to be occasioned within Nova Roma under extant provisions of the Constitution and/or legislation, as the actions of taking membership or expressing support were acts that were already inherently subject to penalty under the Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis.

4. The Senate deems that section XIII.C.3 is sustained if a reasonable person would conclude that pursuing or supporting the function(s) and/or mission(s) and/or purpose(s) of such an organization would have inevitably necessitated the occasioning, or commissioning, of extant Code of Conduct violation(s) within Nova Roma by citizens who were its officials or members or supporters in pursuit of that common purpose.

5. The Senate deems that as a consequence of XIII.C.4 the action of taking membership or expressing support for such an organization was therefore an action that was subject to penalty at the time, as pursuit by a citizen of an illegal common purpose, or a common purpose that would inevitably result in illegality within Nova Roma, as evidenced by the action of taking membership or expressing support for that organization, would have caused the citizen by necessity to violate the Code of Conduct..

6. The Senate deems that as a consequence of XIII.C.5 the subsequent imposition of sanctions for membership of, or support for, a Competing Organization is not subject to the protection afforded a citizen under section I.A.3, notwithstanding that the sanctions are imposed as a result of the organization being subsequently deemed a Competing Organization, because the very illegal nature of the organization, or the illegal actions occasioned by membership or support, were in part, or in whole, the reason the Senate deemed it to be a Competing Organization, and that the sanctions are just a subsequent and further consequence of that already existing illegality and associated penalty.

7.

a. In cases of membership or support for such an organization operating within Nova Roma that was subsequently deemed a Competing Organization after the citizen took membership in it, or expressed support for it, any Senatus consultum ultimum imposing the sanction of action(s) against that citizen must contain the following endorsement, to clarify that section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution does not afford protection to that citizen:

"The Competing Organization [enter the name of the organization] operating within Nova Roma was at the time the citizen(s) herein undertook the actions of taking membership in it, or expressing support for it, an illegal organization within Nova Roma as the Senate has concluded that a reasonable person would have concluded that at the time of the execution of those action(s) of the citizen(s) that the pursuit of a common illegal purpose of that organization would have inevitably necessitated the occasioning, or commissioning, of extant Code of Conduct violation(s) by citizens who were its official(s) or member(s) or supporter(s), and that illegal common purpose can therefore be applied to both the organization and also to its officials, members and supporters. The Senate deems therefore that the protections afforded by section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution do not extend to the sanctions taken against the citizen(s) herein as the actions of membership or support were already actions subject to penalty under the extant Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis."

b. In cases of membership or support for such an organization operating outside of Nova Roma that was subsequently deemed a Competing Organization after the citizen took membership in it, or expressed support for it, any Senatus consultum ultimum imposing the sanction of action(s) against that citizen must contain the following endorsement, to clarify that section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution does not afford protection to that citizen:

"The Competing Organization [enter the name of the organization] operating outside of Nova Roma was at the time the citizen(s) herein undertook the actions of taking membership in it, or expressing support for it, an organization that the Senate has determined a reasonable person would have concluded that at the time of the execution of those action(s) of the citizen(s) an organization where the pursuit of its common purpose(s) would have inevitably necessitated the occasioning, or commissioning, of extant Code of Conduct violation(s) within Nova Roma by citizens who were its official(s) or member(s) or supporter(s), and that common purpose can therefore be applied to both the organization and also to its officials, members and supporters. The Senate deems therefore that the protections afforded by section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution do not extend to the sanctions taken against the citizen(s) herein as the actions of membership or support were already actions subject to penalty under the extant Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis."

8. The Senate deems that section I.A.3 of the Nova Roman Constitution does not protect a person who at the time was not a citizen of Nova Roma, even if that person subsequently becomes a citizen, because section I.A.3 is deemed to protect only actions committed by a citizen, subject to all the limitations on that protection described above and regardless of whether the organization was established or operating within Nova Roma or not.

XIV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section XIV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

V. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section XIV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE LEX POPILLIA SENATORIA

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma.

II. It is issued to address the failure of the Lex Popillia senatoria to amend the Constitution (bylaws) of Nova Roma in its creation of the right of ius sententiae dicendae and the insertion of higher magistrates and ex-magistrates into the Senate (Board of Directors), as well as execute other changes in its operation that the Senate considers it necessary to make in order to better ensure the stability and successful functioning of the Senate.

II. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as IV. ((Ius sententiae dicendae)) and all provisions contained under that section is overridden and shall not apply in the application of the this lex.

III. All persons admitted to the Senate, and still so admitted at the time of the enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum, under the authority of section IV. ((Ius sententiae dicendae)) shall have their right to attend and speak in the Senate preserved (grandfathered) until such time as they are removed from the Senate under the terms of, or as a consequence of, any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum. Upon their removal the grandfathered can no longer be re-admitted in the future to the Senate under section IV. ((Ius sententiae dicendae)).

IV. The grandfathered at section III not being sublected as Senators and thus not accredited as directors of Nova Roma Inc, do not have the right to vote in the Senate.

V. No person, whether at the time of this enactment a citizen or a former citizen, who would otherwise have qualified under IV. ((Ius sententiae dicendae)) for admittance to the Senate under its terms, shall in the future be so admitted, even just for the purpose of attending and speaking within the Senate.

VI. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as I. ((Number of senatores)).A shall be overridden and amended to read:

"This number shall be 15% of the total number of assidui at the time, or the nearest whole number. If the non-whole number portion of the total number is less 0.5 then the number shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number. If the non-whole number portion of the total number is 0.5 or greater then the number shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number.

VII. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as I. ((Number of senatores)).C is overridden and shall not apply in the application of the this lex. It shall be replaced by the following:

"This number if lower than the number of senatores who exist at the time of the declaration, shall not result in the removal of existing senatores, or constitute grounds for such removal, and shall in no way affect the right of existing senatores to continue to be sublected to the Senate. If the number is lower than the number of senatores, no new senatores may be subscribed until such time as the maximum number of senatores exceeds the number of existing senatores, and the difference between the two numbers in such a case is the absolute maximum of senatores that may be sublected."

VIII.

A. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as II. ((Removal of senatores)).A shall be overridden and amended to read:

"They shall begin by drawing up a list comprised of those senatores currently sublected to the Senate, using the album senatorium as a guide, and who have not been removed from the Senate under the terms of, or as a consequence of, any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum."

B. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as II. ((Removal of senatores)).B shall be overridden and amended to read:

"They shall first identify those on the list at II. ((Removal of senatores)).A who have:

i Died and who have not yet been removed from the album senatorium ii. Resigned/renounced their citizenship iii. Lost their citizenship as a consequence of, any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum and who have not yet been removed from the album senatorium iv. Lost assidui status and are not subject to an approved payment arrangement, as certified by a post to the Senate list by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) v. Been identified individually by Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum to be members of a Competing Organization

C. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as II. ((Removal of senatores)).C shall be overridden and amended to read:

"They shall identify those on the list at II. ((Removal of senatores)).A whose past conduct has been found by the Senate, by means of Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum, to be "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate".

D. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as II. ((Removal of senatores)).D shall be overridden and amended to read:

"An existing senator must be removed from the list at II. ((Removal of senatores)).A if they are identified under the process at II. ((Removal of senatores)).B i to v, and only then with:

i. The agreement of both censores

and also

ii. The agreement of the Senate by means of Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum issued during a Formal Session of the Senate, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, or a lesser majority determined at the discretion of the Princeps senatus, and where the presiding magistrate is the Princeps senatus

E. The following shall be inserted numbered as:

"II. ((Removal of senatores)).E

i. The Senate may during a Formal Session presided over by the Princeps senatus by means of Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, suspend an existing senator for conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate". The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

ii. The Princeps senatus may also in times of urgent need provisionally suspend such a senator, in addition to his powers of suspension granted under the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLX, but then must immediately summon the Senate into Formal Session at the first available opportunity allowed under the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV, in order that the Senate may by vote either confirm the suspension as at II. ((Removal of senatores)).E.i above, or remove that suspension.

iii. During a period of suspension an existing Senator may not:

a. Attend/be subscribed to the Senate list b. Post to the Senate list by means of third party forwarding the same c. Vote, whether by proxy or not d. Perform any functions assigned to him on the basis of his/her senatorial status e. Represent himself as a Senator in any way on any forum or communication channel"

F. The following shall be inserted numbered as:

"II. ((Removal of senatores)).F

i. The phrase "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate" shall be defined as comprising:

a. Being identified by Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum to be members of a Competing Organization.

b. Conduct where there is evidence that a violation under the Code of Conduct set forth in the Lex Cornelia poenalis has clearly occurred, or where there is probable cause to conclude that such a violation may have occurred. Such a determination under this section shall not be admitted as proof, or evidence in itself, to any existing or subsequent Lex Cornelia poenalis proceedings in respect of the actual or suspected violation..

c. A ratified suspension of an existing Senator for CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE under the terms of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

d. Other conduct not covered by either the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV or the Lex Cornelia poenalis, which the Senate finds to be damaging to the Senate and/or Nova Roma.

G.The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).A shall be overridden and amended to read:

"After identifying any senatores as per II. ((Removal of senatores)).D who must be removed from the list, the censores shall for the process of sublection (adding) identify possible new senatores, until the total number of senatores is equal to the number of available senatorial positions (if any) as per I. ((Number of senatores)).C. Under no circumstances shall the censores exceed this number of available positions. The censores shall identify sequentially from citizens meeting the criteria in III. ((Sublection of senatores)).B to F"

H. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).B shall be overridden and amended to read:

"The censores shall identify as many, as necessary to fill all the positions or as many as can be filled, dictatorii (citizens who have completed terms as dictator) who have not already been sublected, removed, are not ineligible under the terms of any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum and are not subject to a current finding by the Senate of conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate. If there are more than one such citizens they shall be added to the list with the citizen with the oldest date of his/her term of office first, and then those in decreasing order of date from oldest to newest."

I. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).C shall be overridden and amended to read:

"If available positions remain, then the censores shall identify as many, as necessary to fill all the remaining positions or as many as can be filled, censorii (citizens who have completed terms as censor) who have not already been sublected, removed, are not ineligible under the terms of any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum and are not subject to a current finding by the Senate of conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate. If there are more than one such citizens they shall be added to the list with the citizen with the oldest date of his/her term of office first, and then those in decreasing order of date from oldest to newest."

J. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).D shall be overridden and amended to read:

"If available positions remain, then the censores shall identify as many, as necessary to fill all the remaining positions or as many as can be filled, consulares (citizens who have completed terms as consul) who have not already been sublected, removed, are not ineligible under the terms of any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum and are not subject to a current finding by the Senate of conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate. If there are more than one such citizens they shall be added to the list with the citizen with the oldest date of his/her term of office first, and then those in decreasing order of date from oldest to newest."

K. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).E shall be overridden and amended to read:

"If available positions remain, then the censores shall identify as many, as necessary to fill all the remaining positions or as many as can be filled, praetorii (citizens who have completed terms as praetor) who have not already been sublected, removed, are not ineligible under the terms of any Senatus consultum ultimum, lex, or Senatus consultum and are not subject to a current finding by the Senate of conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate. If there are more than one such citizens they shall be added to the list with the citizen with the oldest date of his/her term of office first, and then those in decreasing order of date from oldest to newest."

L. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).F shall be overridden and amended to read:

"If available positions remain, then the censores shall add to the list as many, as necessary to fill all the remaining positions or as many as can be filled, citizens who do not qualify under III. ((Sublection of senatores)).B to E, but who have been identified by the Senate as suitable for sublection. The censores shall upon instruction from the Senate sublect these citizens in the Senate indicated order of preference, which may be sequentially as at F, or in any position between B to E. These shall be ordered and added to the list in the order the Senate listed them. This instruction from the Senate shall be in the form of a Senatus consultum ultimum, prepared by the Princeps senatus, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, or a lesser majority determined at the discretion of the Princeps senatus.

M. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).G shall be overridden and shall not be applicable.

N. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).H shall be renumbered to G and shall be amended to read:

"A new senator may only be added to the list with:

i. The agreement of both censores

and

ii. The agreement of the Senate by means of Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum issued during a Formal Session of the Senate, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, or a lesser majority determined at the discretion of the Princeps senatus, and where the presiding magistrate is the Princeps senatus"

O. The following shall be inserted and numbered as III. ((Sublection of senatores)).H:

"i. In the event that only one censor holds office he/she shall still execute the procedures laid out herein as though he/she had a duly elected colleague, given that Senatorial oversight exists.

ii. In the event that neither censor holds office the Princeps senatus, being one of the censorii, and one other of the censorii Senators, chosen by the Senate, shall deputize in place of the censors at such times that the Senate authorizes that an urgent need exists and where the Senate determines it is not suitable or practicable to wait until censores are elected or appointed. Such authorization shall be by means of Senatus consultum ultimum or Senatus consultum issued during a Formal Session of the Senate, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, or a lesser majority determined at the discretion of the Princeps senatus, and where the presiding magistrate is the Princeps senatus. All referrals required to the Senate under these terms herein must still be complied with, and the authorization for the Princeps senatus and one other of the censorii Senators to deputize does not constitute any authorization to proceed without Senate required consent.

iii. Nothing herein shall be taken to limit or constrain any provision of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

P. The following shall be inserted and numbered as III. ((Censors, Consuls, Praetors and Tribunes)).A

"A citizen who holds office, whether elected, or appointed by the Senate, as Censor, Consul, Praetor, or Tribune and who is not already sublected as senator, shall have the right to attend meetings/be subscribed to the Senate list, speak/post, but not to vote. This right shall only exist so long as the citizen holds such an office. They shall be removed from the Senate list upon the expiration of their term of office, unless they have subsequent to election to office been sublected as a senator."

Q. The following shall be inserted and numbered as III. ((Censors, Consuls, Praetors and Tribunes)).B

"A citizen who holds office, whether elected, or appointed by the Senate, as Consul, Praetor or Tribune, and who is not already sublected as senator, may preside over a Formal Session of the Senate as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV and the limitations of the Constitution in respect of when Praetors may call the Senate to order. Such a right does not confer, or result in, a right to vote."

R. The section of the Lex Popillia senatoria numbered as V. ((Immunity)) shall be overridden and amended to read:

"Any decision of the censores and/or the Princeps senatus, and or the Senate under the terms herein is not subject to any appeal or provocatio. If censores fail to comply with the terms herein that failure may be deemed CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV. Such failure may also constitute a violation of the Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis, as well as conduct "seriously harmful to the dignity of the senate. Such determination as to the liability of the censores may be determined by the relevant authority specified in both those enactments and herein."

IX. Upon the censores completing the identification processes set forth herein, they shall prepare a complete list comprising of three sections. The first section shall consist of existing senators they have identified for removal. The second section shall consist of those citizens that they have identified for sublection. The third section shall consist of those citizens who they have not identified for sublection, but who meet the criteria based on past service magisterial service as above. They shall post the completed list to the Senate list.

X. Upon receipt of that list at IX the Princeps senatus shall as soon as practicable preside over a Formal Session of the Senate. During this session the Senate shall ensure that its previous instructions (if any) regarding sublection have been complied with, as well as the requirements of any legislation, and make such alterations, or removals or additions to the list as maybe required for it to conform with those instructions and/or legislation.

XI. Senators who have been indicated for removal shall be afforded the opportunity to appeal such a decision by making one or more statements and answering any questions put to him/her by other senators. If a senator to be removed is not present then another senator may speak on their behalf if authorized to do so by the Senator to be removed. The Senate shall consider whether an identified candidate for sublection can competently discharge his/her fiduciary responsibilities as director, based on any previous public statements, and overall bring a positive contribution to the Senate.The Senate shall subsequently vote to ratify each senator that the censores have identified on the list to be removed or sublected.

XII. The final list to be put to the vote shall be presented to the Senate in the form of a Senatus consultum ultimum, prepared by the Princeps senatus, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted, or a lesser majority determined at the discretion of the Princeps senatus. The final list once enacted shall represent the list that commands the confidence of the Senate, and this confidence in addition to the other conditions for sublection or removal herein comprise the "qualifications set by law" as per section IV.A.1.d of the Nova Roman Constitution.

XIII.

a. If a senator identified to be removed receives a majority of antiquo (no) votes, he/she shall not be removed from the final list and shall remain a senator.

b.If a senator identified to be removed receives a majority of uti rogas (yes) votes, he/she shall be removed from the final list and shall be ratified as removed as a senator.

c. If a senator identified to be sublected receives a majority of antiquo (no) votes, he/she shall be removed from the final list and shall not be sublected as a senator.

d. If a senator identified to be sublected receives a majority of uti rogas (yes) votes, he/she shall not be removed from the final list and shall be ratified as sublected as a senator.

XIV. After the vote above, the Censors shall exercise their constitutional authority to add and remove Senators by censorial edictum exactly as per the form of the final list voted upon, which shall then become the current album senatorium, and shall be posted on the wiki as such. Any failure by the censors to comply with the final list when adding or removing Senators shall automatically result in their edictum being overridden and considered null and void by the authority of this Senatus consultum ultiumum, and further shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

XV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section XV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

XVI. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section XV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE LEX DIDIA GEMINA DE POTESTATE TRIBUNICIA

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma.

II. It is issued to address the failure of the Lex Didia Gemina de potestate tribunicia (Lex Didia) to render a stable enough process to always withstand challenges to its overall validity and/or effectiveness, and its failure specifically to enact a process for the resolution of disputes over whether its terms and requirements have been fully complied with.

III. A.

i. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as I. IVS SENATVS CONVOCANDI (The Right of Convoking the Senate) is overridden and amended to read:

"Any Tribunus Plebis (Tribune) may call the Senate to order, under the right granted in the Nova Roman Constitution section IV.A.7.d. Any Tribune doing so must convene, conduct and close session under the rules governing the internal procedures of the Senate, which are to be found in the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV"

ii. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A is overridden and amended to read:

"Since the Ius Auxili Ferendi is a fundamental prerogative of a Tribune as set forth in IV. 7. A of the Nova Roman Constitution, in order for an act of intercessio to be valid the following procedure must be followed in each and every case where intercessio is pronounced by a Tribune."

B. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.1 is overridden and amended to read:

"When a Tribune pronouces intercessio, the written intercessio pronounced and posted must always comply with all of the following:"

C. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.1.a is overridden and amended to read:

"The official full Nova Roman name(s) of the citizen(s) who has requested the Tribune to pronounce intercessio must be included in the pronounced and posted intercessio. A Tribune shall not pronounce intercessio at the request of:

i. Former citizen(s) who no longer holds citizenship due to:

a. Resignation/renunciation of citizenship

b. Loss of citizenship under the terms of a Senatus consultum ultimum, Lex, or Senatus consultum

ii. Person(s) who has never been, and who is not at the time of the pronouncement of intercessio a citizen(s) of Nova Roma.

iii. Person(s) who are in the process of being processed as a citizen of Nova Roma, but where that process has not yet been completed and certified by the censors as such as per the terms of the Senatus Consultum on the Process of Approval of Citizenship.

iv. Person(s) who had their application for citizenship rejected by the censor(s)

v. Person(s) who had his/her citizenship invalidated by the censor(s) on grounds of fraudulent declarations in relation to identity (name, address, telephone number) or age (being in fact a minor applying without provided parental permission), or other fraudulent practices, or acts of omission in the application process. Tribunes should reference the Senatus Consultum on the Process of Dealing with Misinformation/Falsehoods in Citizenship Applications for instructions that are in place for the censors to deal with these situations."

D. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.1.b is overridden and amended to read:

"A Tribune shall not protect the identity of a citizen(s) requesting intercessio for any reason, by any means, device or method, including substituting his/her name for that of the citizen(s). The name(s) of the citizen(s) so requesting intercessio must be declared in order that any facts, claims, allegations, or other assertions made by the citizen(s), and on which the Tribune bases his/her pronouncement of intercessio, or supports such with, maybe scrutinized and verified, or disproved. The Tribune shall obtain the request for intercessio in writing, with the official full Nova Roman name of the citizen, sent from the email address recorded in the album civium for that citizen (in order to verify the authenticity of origin being a Nova Roman citizen, and that the request was not fraudulent, or made on behalf of another), and shall publish such a written request when he/she pronounces intercessio. The Tribune may not alter, edit or redact, or in any way change the email, which must be an exact copy of the one he/she received from the citizen. Absolutely no shielded, protected or anonymous intercessio requests shall be permitted. Only valid citizens who are eighteen or over can request intercessio. A Tribune cannot pronounce intercessio on behalf of future citizens of Nova Roma."

E. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.1.c is overridden and amended to read:

"If no citizen permitted to request intercessio under the terms herein so requests, then the Tribune may pronounce intercessio on his/her own behalf, and must clearly state such in his/her pronouncement of intercessio along with his/her official full Nova Roman name. He/she may pronounce intercessio on behalf of, and with the consent of, another Tribune just as he/she may with any other citizen at II.A.1.b above and under the same requirements therein that would apply to a valid citizen who is not a Tribune."

F. The following shall be inserted as a section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.1.d:

"The written pronouncement of intercessio must specify:

i.The official full Nova Roman name of the magistrate(s) against whose act(s) the intercessio has been interposed, together with the magistrate(s) title(s) in the format/spelling as specified in the Constitution. Only those magistrates as defined in section IV.A.1 to 9 of the Nova Roman Constitution can have intercessio pronounced against them by a Tribune. No other person than those magistrates, whether a senator, pontifex maximus, pontifex, augur, other official religious office holder, any other official of Nova Roma, or any private citizen can have intercessio pronounced against them by a Tribune.

ii. The specific actions of the magistrate(s) at i above. These must be actions that have already been performed at the time the intercessio is pronounced. Future actions that are predicted, implied, suspected or supposed shall not constitute grounds for an intercessio. All such actions must be within the time-frames specified herein for an intercessio. Past actions that have were committed at a time in excess of the permitted time-frames for intercessio shall not constitute grounds for an intercessio. An intercessio may not be pronounced against the actions of a magistrate acting under the authority of an item of legislation, or against the item itself (or any actions deriving automatically from that item), where the item was enacted in the past and the timeframe for pronouncement of intercessio has past, regardless of any violations that the Tribune(s) feel are currently occurring.

iii. If the pronouncement of intercessio is not against a magistrate, then it may only be pronounced against Senatus consulta, magisterial edicta, religious decreta, and leges. The Constitution excludes Senatus consultum ultima, therefore no intercessio may be pronounced against any Senatus consultum utimum, or edicta of consuls acting under the authority, and within the scope of a Senatus consultum ultimum. No Tribune may pronounce intercessio against the Constitution or any duly ratified amendment of the Constitution.. Debates, discussions, Informal or Formal Sessions of the Senate, contio periods, or voting periods in the Senate and comitia will not provide grounds in themselves for pronouncement of intercessio, as no action or legislation has yet resulted from such. Tribunes cannot predict a result of such, and on that basis pronounce intercessio. They must instead wait for actual and concrete results that meet the conditions of intercessio laid out herein. If however during procedural irregularities occur that meet all the conditions herein, then a Tribune may elect to pronounce intercessio.

iv. In respect of section IV.A.7.a of the Nova Roman Constitution "spirit" shall be the general intent or real meaning. This may only be discerned from the text of the item having intercessio pronounced against it. General intent or real meaning shall not be what is supposed, imagined, represented as a possible future outcome, testified to subsequently by the drafter(s) or the magistrate presiding over/sponsoring its original passage. Whatever the original possible general intent or real meaning might have been in the past, all that can be relied upon is the final text of the item, and only the general intent and meaning that can be so discerned clearly and unambiguously from such text. In order to assist in this process of discerning general intent or real meaning, and thus "spirit" all parties to an intercessio shall where necessary apply the process laid out in the Senatus consultum on derived meaning from legal authorities.

v. A pronouncement of intercessio against the actions of a magistrate, or against an item listed at section II..A.1.d.iii above, must clearly and unambiguously state in respect of a specific violation against the Constitution, or one or more Senatus consultum, magisterial edictum, religious decretum, or lex, or any combination thereof, which section(s) in each item are alleged to have been violated, including the section reference and the exact text of the allegedly violated section.

vi. A pronouncement of intercessio must clearly and unambiguously demonstrate how the alleged actions of a magistrate, or a specific section(s) of the item pronounced against, violated a specific section(s) of the Constitution, or of any Senatus consultum, magisterial edictum, religious decretum, or lex or combination thereof. The intercessio must include a summary of the action of the magistrate, based on any original request for intercessio, or written facts. Such a summary must be strictly factual and list actions, and shall not include inferences, suppositions, allegations, predictions or similar. In respect of an item pronounced against, the intercessio must include the section reference and the exact text of the violating section pronounced against.

vii. In respect of an intercessio pronounced against the actions of a magistrate, or a specific section(s) of the item pronounced against, which it is alleged violated the "spirit" of the Constitution, or of any Senatus consultum, magisterial edictum, religious decretum, or lex or combination thereof, the intercessio shall specify the general intent or real meaning derived through the processes herein above that they allege to be the substance of that "spirit"."

G. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.2 is overridden and amended to read:

"If the pronounced intercessio fails to include any one or more of the items required to be included as specified herein above, the intercessio shall be invalid. The time constraints of the Lex Labiena de Intercessione shall continue to hold such that, if a new intercessio is not issued before the seventy-two hour limit, counted from the time and date of the enactment of the item(s) or from actions of the magistrate(s), which occasioned the original intercessio, the Tribune shall issue no new intercessio pertaining to that item(s) or those actions."

H. The sections of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.3, II.A.3.a and II.A.3.b are overridden.

I. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.4 is overridden.

J. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.A.5 is re-numbered to II.A.3 and amended to read:

"When a Tribune pronounces intercessio the procedures for ratification or voiding by the other Tribunes specified in the Lex Labiena de Intercessione shall be followed. There shall be no requirement that any other Tribune has to issue any statement on the validity or otherwise of the pronounced intercessio, other than his/her agreement or disagreement with the pronounced intercessio, but he/she may choose to do so."

K. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.B is overridden and amended to read:

"When administering the law in accordance with Article IV.A.7.d.3 of the Constitution, a Tribune must adjudicate in accordance with content of the current law, where law is as defined as those items that are specified in section I.B of the Constitution, in their ranked order of precedence. Administering the law shall be taken to mean to supervise the execution, use, or conduct of the law. It shall not imply, or confer, any right or power to perform actions under the law, other than those that are assigned to the Tribunes within the law."

L.The section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.C is overridden.

M. The section of the Lex Didia numbered as III. TRIBUNICIA POTESTAS (Tribunician Power) is overridden in its entirety.

N. The following shall be inserted as a section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.C.1:

"The pronouncement of intercessio shall be scrutinized by the consul(s) and inspected for compliance with the requirements herein.. The consul(s) must either accept or reject the intercessio and must state the reasons for doing so. Inaction on the part of a consul is not permitted. In a case where one consul accepts and one consul rejects, or where only one consul holds office (regardless of whether he/she accepts or rejects), the matter shall be referred to the Senate as per the process below. If both consuls reject then the Tribune may elect to request the Princeps senatus to summon the Senate into Formal Session, or if not the Tribune pronouncing shall accept the rejection and withdraw the intercessio. If both consuls accept the Princeps senatus may announce his/her intention to summon the Senate into Formal Session if there is clear evidence that the consuls have erred in their reasoning, based on alleged errors in law, or alleged misinterpretation of general intent or real meaning. If the Princeps senatus does not so announce such an intention, then if both consuls have accepted the intercessio, the actions of the magistrate are voided/cancelled, or the item pronounced against shall have no legal validity."

O. The following shall be inserted as a section of the Lex Didia numbered as II.C.2:

"Upon an intercessio being referred to the Senate the intercessio shall be suspended and no actions shall be voided/cancelled, or no item(s) declared to be illegal, until such time as the Senate meets in formal session, presided over by the Princeps senatus, and deliberates the matter and votes by way of simple majority. If the Senate votes to accept the intercessio then the actions shall be voided/cancelled, or the item(s) shall be declared to be illegal. If the Senate votes to reject the intercessio the Tribune pronouncing shall accept the rejection and withdraw the intercessio. The decision of the Senate shall be final and shall not be itself subject to intercessio."

IV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

V. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE PROCESS FOR PROPOSED LEGISLATION TO BE PUT BEFORE COMITIA

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum concerns only the process of the preparation of proposed legislative items, (known also as legislation, laws, leges or plebiscites, these terms being interchangeable herein) to be put before any comitia of Nova Roma and the regulation thereof of that process. It is issued under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma. It does not affect the process of the business of the comitia in contio, or voting, once an approved item is so presented to a comitia. Any and all Nova Roman proposed legislative items are hereby defined as polices. As such these proposed legislative items fall within the scope of the Senate's constitutional authority as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma, and shall thus be subject to Senate oversight, scrutiny and consent before they shall be put to a comitia. Only upon a comitia assenting to them by vote do they become Nova Roman leges or plebicites.

II. The objective of this Senatus consultum ultimum is to ensure that proposed legislation to be placed before a comitia does not:

A. Compromise, or risk doing so, the corporate standing of Nova Roma B. Conflict with existing leges thereby rendering existing necessary legislation invalid or redundant, or damage the ability of such legislation to function as intended, thereby causing a disruption to Nova Roma's functioning C. Serve only the personal interests and objectives of any magistrate proposing, sponsoring or supporting it D. Promote the interests of a Competing Organization, or members or supporters thereof E. Negate the ability of the Senate to perform its fiduciary role, or serve to create or perpetuate conflict with the Senate G. Conflict with the current "mission and function of Nova Roma", as determined by the Constitution, and by the Senate acting in its constitutional duty as the supreme policy-making authority within Nova Roma.

III. The objective of this Senatus consultum ultimum is also to ensure that proposed legislation to be placed before a comitia is of the highest standard, promotes efficient, effective and consistent governance of Nova Roma, and does not promote, or be likely to generate, significant civil discord within Nova Roma.

IV. An existing lex, or other legislation, at the time of the enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum, shall not henceforth be superseded, amended or repealed by means of any proposed lex or plebiscite without:

A. The Princeps senatus summoning the Senate into Formal Session in order to obtain the consent of the Senate, for such a proposed legislative change to proceed to the comitia specified, by means of the enactment of a Senatus consultum ultimum that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be so enacted. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. Once summoned into Formal Session the text of the proposed superseding, amending or repealing lex must be presented to the Senate, and any final version of this text that is presented to the Senate at the commencement of the voting period shall not itself be subsequently superseded or amended in any way.

C. If any such change at IV.B is made to the proposed text of the lex after Senate consent has been granted for the lex, then the consent of the Senate shall be deemed to be null and void and any such changed proposed lex shall not be put to a comitia, and should it be so put in defiance of this requirement, it shall be illegal and void, regardless of whether subsequently approved by a vote in a comitia or not. In such cases the failure of a magistrate to comply with IV.B shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV. Any other failure by a magistrate to abide by the terms of this Senatus consultum ultimum containing the final Senate approved text shall also constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE.

D. The Senatus consultum ultimum at IV.A shall also specify whether the vote in the comitia concerned to supersede, amend or repeal the lex in question shall have to achieve an extraordinary majority of 2/3s or greater (67% or greater) of the total centuries/tribes, or whether any existing extraordinary majority specified in the lex in question shall be overridden and replaced by a simple majority.

E.

i The Princeps senatus may himself/herself present the text of a proposed lex to the Senate in Formal Session that he/she presides over, for the purpose of seeking Senate approval as per section IV.A above.. The process in respect of this Princeps senatus sponsored proposed lex shall follow the process thereafter at sections IV.A, IV.B, and IV.C above.

ii. Additional to the above requirements at section IV.E.i, the Senatus consultum ultimum issued by the Senate to consent to the lex shall include a direction to the relevant magistrate(s) to summon the comitia specified, and those magistrate(s) must place the proposed lex, unaltered as at section IV.B above, before that comitia for contio and vote. Should such magistrate fail to comply with such a direction this failure shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV. If such a magistrate permits any change to the proposed text of the lex, as consented to by the Senate this too shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE. Any change that is made to the text of a Senate approved proposed lex, whether voted upon or not, invalidates the consent of the Senate. Any other failure by a magistrate to abide by the terms of this Senatus consultum ultimum shall also constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE.

V. Any magistrate(s) empowered to summon a comitia who wishes to do so for the purpose of presenting to that comtia any proposed new legislation that does not supersede, amend or repeal an existing lex, must first obtain the consent of the Senate to do so using the processes at sections IV.A and IV.B above. Additionally the SCU above issued by the Senate consenting to such proposed legislation may specify whether the proposed lex must contain an extraordinary majority of 2/3s or greater (67% or greater) of the total centuries/tribes in order to supersede, amend or repeal it. The SCU shall specify such a wording of any extraordinary majority as at section IV.D to be inserted into the proposed lex. A failure to insert such wording by the magistrate concerned shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE. The conditions of section IV.C also apply in respect of proposed new legislation items under this section.

VI. The Princeps senatus may present the text of a proposed lex to the Senate in Formal Session for the purpose of seeking Senate approval for new legislation as per section V above. The process in respect of this Princeps senatus sponsored proposed lex shall follow the process thereafter at sections IV.A and IV.B as well as section IV..E.ii in respect of the direction to the relevant magistrate(s).The conditions of section IV.C also apply in respect of proposed new legislation items under this section.

VII. In the event a violation under section IV.C occurs and it is clear that the text of a Senate approved proposed lex or plebiscite has been, subsequent to Senate approval, superseded, amended or altered in any way, the Princeps senatus shall inform the Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Nova Roma and the CIO shall immediately deny the use of the cista tools to the magistrate concerned, or shall immediately terminate any existing voting process in progress forthwith. The CIO shall also ensure that any such lex or plebiscite that has violated IV.C shall not be entered into the Nova Roman wiki as a valid lex or plebiscite in force, and if such entry is discovered the CIO shall immediately remove it from the wiki. No comitia shall conduct voting, for whatever reason, other than by means of the Nova Roman cista tools under the control of the CIO, unless authorized by the Senate to do so, and any legislation or proceedings conducted/produced in such an unauthorized voting manner shall be as a result invalid, illegal and forbidden.

VIII.

A. The Nova Roman constitution refers to the "mission and function of Nova Roma". In respect of the term "function", the primary function of Nova Roma is as defined in the preamble to the Nova Roman Constitution. The use of "primary" indicates that the Constitution allows for other functions in a decreasing order of ranked importance.

The term "mission" is not defined within the Constitution, therefore its derived meaning must be ascertained using the process described within the Senatus consultum on derived meaning from legal authorities. The application of that process results in a derived meaning of "a preestablished and often self-imposed objective or purpose".

i. The current secondary function of Nova Roma is therefore declared to be:

The promotion and maintenance of the independence of Nova Roma free from external competitive influences, so defined by the Senate, which may or may not be inimical to Nova Roma and/or its Senate, that if not so promoted and maintained might otherwise lead to prolonged periods of internal civil discord and strife, the occasioning of periods of internal tumult, and ultimately lead to states of internal conflict within Nova Roma that are commonly internally described as periods of "civil war", which in turn would lead to a reduction in the good governance of Nova Roma, and thereby severely imperil and/or curtail the ability of Nova Roma to achieve its primary function.

ii. The current primary "mission" of Nova Roma" is declared to be:

The promotion and maintenance of a framework of protective processes and procedures, that the Senate deems necessary through its considered deliberations, to ensure that the secondary function of Nova Roma is pursued effectively and achieved. The current expression of that primary mission shall be:

Any existing Senatus consultum and Senatus consultum ultimum still in force, and not subsequently superseded or repealed, and which was issued since January 2764, and

Any future Lex, Plebiscite, Senatus consultum ultimum, Decretum, Senatus consultum, or Edictum enacted subsequent to the enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum, where such is clearly and evidently supportive of the secondary function.

iii. The current secondary "mission" of Nova Roma is declared to be

The fulfillment of the methodology and objectives set forth in the discussion papers listed below, in a manner deemed appropriate by incorporation state law and thereafter in whatever manner is deemed by the Senate to be the most appropriate and practical, which if so fulfilled will lead to the continuous achievement of the primary function:

Nova Roma Reborn ( http://novaroma.org/vici/images/NovaRomaReborn.pdf ) and

Nova Roma Onward ( http://novaroma.org/vici/images/NovaRomaOnward.pdf )

Other than the Constitution and the Senate, no other Nova Roman institution, body, magistrate, official or citizen is permitted to interpret, define, or derive meaning of what is, or what is not, a function(s) and/or mission(s) of Nova Roma.

B. The Senate shall in its deliberations on consenting to a proposed lex or plebiscite under this Senatus consultum ultimum ensure that the contents of such a lex or plebiscite do not conflict with sections VIII.A.i, VIII.A.ii or VIII.A.iii, unless there is an immediate and obvious need to so conflict. In the absence of such an immediate and obvious need, such a conflict shall constitute substantive grounds for the Senate to refuse its consent to the proposed lex or plebiscite. It is incumbent on the Princeps senatus or the magistrate presenting the proposed lex or plebiscite to the Senate to clearly and unequivocally demonstrate to the Senate an actual need for such a lex or plebiscite, regardless of whether a conflict exists or not, and how such a proposed lex or plebiscite is consistent with the current "mission and function of Nova Roma".

C. The definition of the current "mission and function of Nova Roma" as at section VIII.A shall be the only valid and lawful such definition within Nova Roma, and only the Senate acting under its constitutionally granted authority as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma may rescind, alter, supersede, or interpret this definition.

IX. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IX.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

X. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section IX.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE LEX CORNELIA POENALIS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma.

II. It is issued to address the need now, and in the foreseeable future, for Senate oversight at an earlier stage in the process set forth in the Lex Cornelia poenalis concerning the administration of the Code of Conduct, in order to prevent misuse of the process by elements that may seek to destabilize the governance of Nova Roma and perpetuate internal conflicts.

III.The section of the Lex Cornelia poenalis numbered as VI.c shall be overridden and amended to read:

"Any citizen of Nova Roma may present a praetor with a complaint alleging a breach of the Code of Conduct. Upon receipt of such information the praetor must immediately post such a complaint to the Senate list, and then take no further action, and shall not commence any investigation, or further proceedings, under the terms of the Lex Cornelia poenalis until authorized by the Senate to do so. Any failure on the part of the praetor to post such a complaint to the Senate list shall be deemed CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV. In these circumstances the Princeps senatus, upon being notified of the failure and obtaining details of the complaint from the citizen, shall proceed as though such a complaint had been posted to the Senate list by the praetor.

A failure on the part of the praetor to abide by this prohibition on proceeding shall render any guilty decisions, or not guilty decisions, reached illegal, forbidden and as such shall be void and shall not be enforceable or binding. The entire process may under these circumstances be re-commenced with any subsequent consent of the Senate. Any such failure by the praetor shall be deemed CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

Upon the praetor posting the complaint to the Senate list the Princeps senatus must summon the Senate into Formal Session as soon as practical to do so, and then the Senate shall discuss whether consenting to the process is in the interest of the well-being Nova Roma. The matter shall be put to a vote and it shall be at the discretion of the Princeps senatus as presiding magistrate what type of majority, as defined in the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV, must be achieved before the matter shall be enacted. The question that shall be put to the Senate is:

'This matter concerning an alleged Code of Conduct violation under the Lex Cornelia poenalis shall be returned to the Praetor with the consent of the Senate to proceed with the investigation.'

The matter shall be presented to the Senate for vote in the form of a draft Senatus consultum ultimum. Should the measure be enacted the praetor may proceed with the required investigation and subsequent processes under the Lex Cornelia poenalis. Should the measure fail to be enacted the praetor shall contact the citizen who made the complaint and inform him/her that the Senate has refused its consent to proceed with the investigation and that no further action will be taken by the praetor in respect of the complaint.

Upon receiving the consent of the Senate to proceed the praetor must within 7 calendar days of such consent being granted review the evidence presented as well as any other evidence which the praetor subsequently discovers upon investigation of the allegation. If the praetor upon review of such evidence concludes there is no breach of the Code of Conduct no further action shall be taken. If the praetor considers that there is reasonable suspicion that a breach of the Code of Conduct has occurred, then:"

IV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

V. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM CONCERNING CONSULAR QUAESTORS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum serves to ensure that the interaction between the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Nova Roma Inc and the consular quaestors is regulated and is issued under the authority granted to the Senate under Section V.B of the Constitution to exercise control over the aerarium (treasury) and to set financial policy.

II. In respect of the Constitutional duty of the quaestors to supervise the treasury, supervision shall be taken to mean to oversee the treasury, but not to be involved in the execution of financial transactions, not to have direct access to any of the bank or PayPal accounts of Nova Roma. Control of those accounts shall remain under the direct control and authority of the CFO.

III. In order that the consular quaestors can discharge their Constitutional functions the CFO shall post to the Senate list on a quarterly basis a summary of the financial health of Nova Roma, on the basis of information provided by the financial institutions holding the accounts, as are available to the CFO. This summary shall include a total of income received and a total of expenditures incurred, since the publication of the last quarterly summary. Further the summary shall show in respect of income and expenditure which of the Nova Roman budget categories they related to, if such a category exists.

IV. In the event the consular quaestor(s) has/have queries relating to such quarterly reports from the CFO, or in respect of other financial matters, or specific transactions, the method of resolving those queries shall be as follows:

A. The quaestor(s) shall prepare a specific and detailed list of the queries, and information required, and provide such to the consul they are assigned to.

B. The consul receiving the list at IV.A above shall review the same to determine relevance and need for those queries and information, thereby discharging his/her general duty of supervision. In ascertaining need the consul shall not permit queries that are superfluous, repetitive based on previous queries, or due to a volume of such which would overload the capacity of the CFO to deal with them efficiently.

C. The consul on approving the list shall post the same to the Senate list during a period of Informal Senate Discussion, and shall not post it during Formal Session when the Senate is meeting.

D. Upon receiving the list the CFO shall review the list and shall determine if in the opinion of the CFO the restrictions at IV.B above have been violated or ignored. If he/she believes IV.B restrictions have been so violated or ignored he shall communicate such reasons by posting such a reply to the Senate list.

E. The consul supervising the quaestor(s) may, if he/she still wishes to pursue the matter, place an item on the agenda of the next Senate Formal Session, in order that the Senate can adjudicate on the dispute and if necessary issue a Senatus consultum in the normal manner in order to give direction on the matter.

F. Matters relating to the collection of the Nova Roman Annual Tax do not lie within the scope of supervision of the aerarium (treasury) by the consular quaestors, and all details relating to such matters are under the direct control and authority of the CFO.

G. In respect of the publication of all quarterly reports, and the release of all information in response to inquiries concerning financial matters the CFO may redact information pertaining to the personal details of any citizen provided to the CFO, including details of specific financial transactions, in order to protect the privacy of that citizen, unless the CFO considers it necessary to release that information for resolving an issue or protecting Nova Roma. If such a release is considered necessary the CFO may elect only to release it during a Closed Session of the Senate.

H. The CFO shall not release any information which he/she considers would be of direct benefit to a Competing Organization, or to a known member of such an organization, or a known supporter of such an organization. The consul posting the list in these cases shall proceed if he/she wishes under the process at IV.E, and if the information is deemed confidential by the CFO shall only place such a matter before the Senate for debate during a Closed Session of the Senate.

I. It is the responsibility of the consul(s) to whom consular quaestor(s) are assigned to ensure that their communication with the CFO is only by means of routing such through him/her. No direct communication is permitted between the consular quaestor(s) and the CFO, unless so authorized by the CFO, in order to ensure that the Senate is fully informed, and that the communications are professional, not factional/political in nature and that the CFO is not subjected to unnecessary, abusive or voluminous requests that in the opinion of the CFO are such and which would overwhelm his ability to deal with them effectively. The CFO shall if he/she considers that this section has been violated communicate such concerns to the Senate during Informal Senate Discussion.

J. Any failure of the consul(s) to fulfill the requirements of this Senatus consultum ultimum, or try to negate or circumvent their duties assigned here shall be considered CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

V. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimium:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section V.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

VI. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section V.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE ELECTION RULES TO BE USED IN THE COMITIA CENTURIATA, THE COMITIA POPULI TRIBUTA AND THE COMITIA PLEBIS TRIBUTA

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. THE RULES FOR THE COMITIA

A. Laws remaining effectively repealed include but are not limited to: Lex Fabia de Ratione Comitorium Centuriatorum and the Lex Curiatia Iulia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum. All previous laws relating to the Comitia Populi Tributa remain rescinded as they apply to the election of magistrates and the promulgation of legislation by the Comitia. The Lex Fabia de ratione comitiorum populi tributorum remains repealed. The Lex Cornelia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum, the Lex Cornelia de ratione comitiorum populi tributorum and the Lex Pompeia de ratione comitiorum plebis tributorum are overidden.

B.The magistrates so designated under the Constitution for each comitia shall summon them and call them to order and act as presiding magistrate, when such magistrates are available. In cases where the designated magistrate is not available the Senate shall appoint persons to act solely in the role of presiding magistrate, without exercise of any rights, powers and duties of the office of the relevant absent magistrate, other than those required for the purpose of summoning and calling to order the comitia over which they are designated to preside over, and to oversee the conduct of such a proceeding. The required communications from such a Senate designated person relating to the conduct of the comitia they are to preside over shall have the force of edicta equivalent to the edicta of the absent magistrate who they are designated by the Senate to act in place of.

i. The Comitia may be summoned by their presiding magistrate by making a public declaration announcing the summons on any official public fora designated for this purpose by the Senate.

ii. It is recommended that the presiding magistrate seek auspices from a member of the College of Augurs or an appropriate alternative determined by the Pontifex maximus and/or the Princeps senatus If such auspices from the College of Augurs are not practicable to be so obtained. Auspices need not be taken, by either the College of Augurs, or an appropriate alternative, if the Pontifex maximus and/or the Princeps senatus determines that it is not practicable to do so.

iii. The Summons must contain the following information: 1. Subject heading: Official Summons of the Comitia [insert relevant comitia name] 2. In the text of the message must include: a. Candidates, date of citizenship, if they met the Constitutional and legal requirements of the office they are seeking, and The office they are seeking.. b. Full text of leges which are being voted on, draft version is acceptable at this point. c. The dates and time when the members of the Comitia shall begin and end the Contio and the start and end date of the voting period. d. Also, the presiding magistrate shall include any additional special instructions necessary that pertain to the mechanics of the vote. e. In the event of a legal proceeding the presiding magistrate will include all necessary information including but not limited to: f. Name of the petitioner, name of the defendant, the charges specified.

iv. The Timing of the Vote. 1. The Official Summons of each comitia is identified as an edictum. A copy of the Official Summons will be posted on the Website with the corresponding designation. 2. The edictum containing the call to vote must be issued at least 120 hours (5 days) prior to the start of the voting session. This period shall be known as the Contio and during this time formal discussion of the agenda (leges and legal proceeding) and/or candidates shall take place. 3. Any draft legislation to be put to a comitia are subject to the terms and conditions of the SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE PROCESS FOR PROPOSED LEGISLATION TO BE PUT BEFORE COMITIA. 4. In voting for a lex, the minimum contio period must last no fewer than 120 hours (5 days). 5. In a legal proceeding the minimum contio period must last no fewer than 192 hours (8 days). 6. Election officials shall tally the vote and deliver the results to the presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus. 7. The presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus have 24 hours to certify the results given by the election officials. They have the ability to review all actions taken by the election officials to ensure accuracy and impartiality. Once the presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus certify the vote and/or election the presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus shall announce the result(s) in the appropriate official public fora. Once completed the presiding magistrate shall bring the Comitia to a close..

C. In elections where the Nova Roman cista is available, such determination to be made by the Senate Information Technology Task Force (ITTF), then the following rules shall apply.

i. Each citizen will receive a unique voter identification code. The voter identification code can be issued via automatic process by the web based secured form used or by the 3rd party alternative. If an automated process is impractical, or non-existent the ITTF shall in a timely manner, prior to vote, issue the voter codes, delivered to the citizens and supply the electoral officers with the list of valid voter codes within each Century.

ii. The ITTF shall make available a cista (a secure web-based form – internal voting platform) that will allow citizens to vote. It is highly recommended that a link is posted on the Nova Roma website, and a link posted in the official public fora before the voting period is open. The ITTF will keep record of the voter identification number and the desired vote of the individual. The information thus collected will be either forwarded to the election officials as it is gathered or at the end of the process, at their discretion.

iii. In the case of a magisterial election, each voter shall have the option to mark each candidate “Yes (uti rogas) or leave the candidate unmarked; instructions shall be posted on the Nova Roman website which carry the following direction: “You may vote for 1 candidate per office vacancy, please select the magistrate you most strongly support.” In the case of legislation, for each proposed law, each voter shall have to option to vote “yes (uti rogas) or “no (antiquo).” In the case of a legal proceeding each voter shall have the option to vote “absolve” (I absolve, innocent) or “condemn” (I condemn, guilty).

iv. Once cast, no vote may be altered, even with the correct voter identification code. Should multiple votes be registered with the same voter identification code, only the first recorded vote shall be used in tallying the vote.

D. In elections where the Nova Roman cista is not available, such determination to be made by the Senate Information Technology Task Force (ITTF), then the ITTF shall determine the technological method to be used and issue the rules under which voting shall be conducted that are most appropriate to the technological method chosen. Such rules issued by the ITTF in such a case where the cista is not available may amend the rules herein.

E. Votes shall be counted by centuries in the comitia centuriata and by tribes in the other comitia,

F. In the case of magisterial election the votes of each century or tribe shall be calculated as follows. For each century or tribe the candidates shall be ranked in order by the number of yes votes they receive. The candidate(s) that receives the most “yes” votes wins the century or tribe. Ties will be decided by using the procedure established in the sections on Breaking of Ties of this Senatus consultum ultimum. If more than one office is vacant the HIGHEST ranked member wins until all offices are filled. If no one in the century or tribe votes, the century or tribe is skipped and the election officials move to the next century or tribe.

G. In the case of a vote on a lex, each century or tribe shall vote in favor of the lex if a majority of votes received by members of that century or tribe are in favor. If no one in the century or tribe votes, the century is skipped and the election officials move to the next century or tribe.

H. In the case of a vote on a legal proceeding before a Comitia, each century or tribe shall vote for conviction if a majority of the votes is received from the members of that century or tribe are marked “condemno.” Ties within a century or tribe will result in that century or tribe voting to acquit. If no one in the century or tribe votes, the century or tribe is skipped and the election officials move to the next century or tribe.

I. The Voting period for the Comitia, shall be no fewer than 168 hours (7 days). All centuries or tribes are allowed to vote at the commencement of the voting period. The presiding magistrate will notify the Comitia the opening of the voting period via the official public fora and a notice will be posted on the website.

J. Results shall be counted by century or tribe.

K. In case of magisterial elections the results are calculated as follows:

Each century or tribe will rank the candidates voting results from highest to lowest. The candidate that wins the most votes is declared the winner of that century or tribe. If there is a tie in deciding who won the century or tribe, ties will be decided by using the procedure established in the sections on Breaking of Ties of this Senatus consultum ultimum (by breaking the tie between the candidates who are tied). Depending on the number of vacancies there could be more than one winner. (If there is more than one vacancy, each century or tribe should have more than one winner, those being the highest and then the second highest vote totals per century or tribe then the third and so forth, until all vacancies are filled.) This process will be completed for each century or tribe that voted. The winner then is determined by which candidate won the most centuries or tribes, until all office vacancies are filled.

L. In the case of a magisterial election, a majority is defined as one the candidate who receives the most centuries or tribes per vacancy (not counting those centuries or tribes that did not vote).

M.. In the case of lex or leges, a simple majority of centuries or tribes casting votes must vote in favor for the lex to be adopted. In the case of a vote on the a lex or leges, a simple majority is defined as one half of the number of centuries or tribes casting votes plus one, fractions being rounded down. If a century or tribe is tied, the century or tribe will be counted as a No vote, there will be no tie breaking procedure. A century or tribe in which no voter cast votes shall not be counted.

N. In the case of a legal proceeding, a majority of the centuries or tribes must vote in favor of conviction in order for the accused to be condemned. A "majority" is defined as one half of the total number of centuries or tribes, plus one, fractions being rounded down. If a century or tribe has no members enrolled the election officials are instructed to remove those centuries from consideration during the vote counting process.

O. Votes may be tallied by automated means should the ITTF determine such is preferable to, and at least as accurate as a manual count.

P. The following are the only three methods to be utilized to determine the results of ties. The process to be used will be in numerical order – in other words no choosing. If a victor is not determined by the method #1 - then #2 will be used and then #3 until a winner shall be determined. This will be utilized for both ties in individual centuries or tribes and in the sum total of all centuries or all tribes of the Comitia concerned.

i. In case of tied candidates the tie is resolved giving the highest position to the candidate who has been a citizen of Nova Roma the longest.

ii. If the above tie breaking process does not resolve the tie situation the winning candidate between the tied candidates will be the one with the most century points.

iii. If the above two tie breaking processes fail to break the tie the result will be determined between the ages of the tied candidates. The oldest candidate will be declared the winner of the tie.

iv. The ITTF has the responsibility and powers to investigate any verifiable concern regarding the vote, within the timeframe. If the ITTF needs additional time, the presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus may grant it. The presiding magistrate and/or the Princeps senatus have the discretion to approve an extension or not. The ITTF certifies the election by sending a notification to the presiding magistrate that they “Approve and sign off on the Comitia results.”

v. If the ITTF fails to sign off on the certification process they are required to explain their rationale to the presiding magistrate and the Princeps senatus. With this notification the Princeps senatus notifies the Senate. The Princeps senatus shall then summon the Senate into Formal Session, as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV. The Senate will debate and vote on a draft Senatus consultum ultimum framed around whether the Senate overrides the decision of the ITTF not to certify

vi. If the ITTF fails to respond within the 24 hour timeframe, the ITTF is deemed to have consented and the Comitia results can then be posted by the presiding magistrate.

III. If there are less validated candidate(s) than there are openings available for any elected magistracy, then no vote shall take place on that magistracy and any validated candidate(s) are automatically deemed to be elected to office as if an election had been held.

IV. No "write-in" candidates shall be permitted. Any votes cast for such a "write-in" candidate shall be counted as spoiled and disregarded in the count.

V. For a candidate to be validated they must:

i. Be a Nova Roman citizen ii. Be assidui in respect of the Nova Roman tax iii. Not be an officer, member or supporter of a Competing Organization and the processes for a person claiming to renounce former membership and/or support for a Competing Organization must follow the SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE POLICY FOR COMPETING ORGANIZATIONS AND NOVA ROMAN CITIZENS and all other extant legal measures concerning Competing Organizations.. iv. Information received from the chair of the Senate Policy Committee (SPC) regarding an ongoing investigation into a person wishing to stand, or actually standing, as a candidate for elected office, as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE POLICY FOR COMPETING ORGANIZATIONS AND NOVA ROMAN CITIZENS, shall result in that person's candidacy being automatically deemed invalid. Such a person shall be removed from the ballot, or if the election is underway shall not have any votes counted for him/her. Such votes cast for him/her shall be counted as spoiled and disregarded in the count. v. The presiding magistrate and/or Princeps senatus shall ensure that the chair of the SPC shall be given the names of all potential declared candidates in order to review them prior to the comitia being summoned for any known breach of section V.iii. No candidate shall be accepted as validated until reviewed and cleared by the chair of the SPC. vi. The presiding magistrate and/or Princeps senatus shall ensure that the chair of the ITTF shall be given the names of all potential declared candidates in order to ensure that no active nota is in force against any candidate. No candidate shall be accepted as validated until reviewed and cleared by the chair of the ITTF. vii. The presiding magistrate and/or Princeps senatus shall ensure that the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) shall be given the names of all potential declared candidates in order to review them prior to the comitia being summoned in order to ensure that all such candidates are assidui and no arrears of the Nova Roman tax exist. viii. If another reason(s) other than those above exist that the Princeps senatus considers would disqualify a person being validated as a candidate the Princeps senatus shall summon a meeting of the Senate in Formal Session to debate and vote upon accepting such a candidacy. No candidate shall be accepted as validated until the Princeps senatus certifies there is no known such other reason to disqualify them from so being validated. ix. If no known fact that would prevent the candidate from being validated can be ascertained, and the candidate is validated, and is elected to office but subsequently a violation of section V.i to viii inclusive is discovered to have existed at the time of the election, then that now magistrate shall be suspended from office and shall not exercise any of the rights and powers of that office until the Princeps senatus summons the a meeting of the Senate in Formal Session to debate and vote on the matter, and the Senate session so called is officially closed.

VI. Where a dispute exists over the meaning and/or affect of any section of this Senatus consultum ultimum and there is sufficient time based on the rules in the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV for the Princeps senatus to call a Formal Meeting of the Senate in Session to discuss and vote on the dispute, without affecting any ongoing election, to determine the final meaning and/or affect, then the Princeps senatus shall so call the Senate. If the Princeps senatus deems that there is not sufficient time then the Princeps senatus shall determine the final meaning and/or affect.

VII. Any failure or refusal by a member of the Senate, or a magistrate, or an official to discharge a duty required under this Senatus consultum ultimum shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE for the purposes of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

VIII. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section VIII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

IX. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section VIII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE APPOINTMENT OF GOVERNORS AND THE PROCESS FOR APPOINTMENT OF SUBSEQUENT GOVERNORS

I. Under the authority of V.C of the Constitution of Nova Roma, this Senatus consultum ultimum removes the following governors of the listed provinces from office:

Gaius Tullius Valerianus Germanicus - America Deserta

Gaius Petronius Dexter - Gallia

Gaius Petronius Dexter - Germania

Gaius Aemilius Crassus - Hispania

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus - Italia

Aulus Iulius Paterculus - Nova Britannia Ulterior

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus - Pannonia

Sextus Lucilius Tutor - Sarmatia

Sextus Lucilius Tutor - Venedia

Gaius Claudius Quadratus - Canada Citerior

Gaius Decius Laterensis - Legatus pro praetore - Lacus Magni

Gaius Decius Laterensis - Legatus pro praetore - Ohio

Publius Quinctius Petrus Augustinus - Legatus pro praetore - America Texia

II. This Senatus consultum ultimum prorogues and/or appoints the following persons as governors of the listed provinces, with the specified title. In the case of the governors prorogued who were last appointed by the Senate in the February 2768 session, their service in office shall be considered to be continuous since that date.

A.

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix - Proconsul - America Deserta

Gaius Marcius Crispus - Legatus pro praetore - Britannia - prorogued

Quintus Fabius Maximus - Proconsul - California Angelensis - prorogued

Quintus Fabius Maximus - Proconsul - California Franciscensis - prorogued

Gnaeus Iulius Caesar - Proconsul - Canada Ulterior - prorogued

Gnaeus Iulius Caesar - Proconsul - Canada Citerior

Titus Iulius Sabinus - Proconsul - Dacia - prorogued

B.

Marcus Pompeius Caninus - Proconsul - Alasca et Havaia - prorogued

III. Governors appointed at section II.A shall serve an uninterrupted term of office until:

A. The governor is removed from office by the Senate by vote subject to an extraordinary majority or, if the Princeps senatus deems appropriate, by a lower majority of either a special majority or a simple majority. B. The governor resigns his/her office C. The governor is removed from office under the terms of any other Senatus consultum or Senatus consultum ultimum D. The governor ceases to be a citizen of Nova Roma by reason of banishment, resignation/renuciation of citizenship, or death

IV. Governors appointed at section II.B shall serve a one year term of office, or a lesser period if:

A. The governor is removed from office by the Senate by vote subject to a simple majority or if the Princeps senatus deems appropriate, by a higher majority of either a special majority or an extraordinary majority. B. The governor resigns his/her office C. The governor is removed from office under the terms of, or as a consequence of, any other Senatus consultum, Senatus consultum ultimum, or the Lex Cornelia poenalis D. The governor ceases to be a citizen of Nova Roma by reason of banishment, resignation/renunciation of citizenship, or death

V. Governors appointed at section II.B shall be automatically prorogued without vote of the Senate, unless the Senate prior to the expiration of a specific governor's term of office has the matter of their prorogation put before them in Formal Session and declines to so prorogue them.

VI. Subsequent governors, to the ones specified herein, who are appointed must be considered to be appointed under the terms of this Senatus consultum ultimum. Only governors who are also Senators are subject to the terms of section III and shall be considered to be part of section II.A. Other non-Senator governors are subject to the terms of section IV and shall be considered to be part of section II.B.

VII.

A. A governor who in the opinion of the Princeps senatus refuses to, or fails to, execute a specific instruction of the Senate, or comply with a Senatus consultum or Senatus consultum ultimum, or whom the Princeps senatus believes to have committed a violation of the Lex Cornelia poenalis, shall be suspended and notified in writing by the Princeps senatus of such suspension. Such notification shall include the grounds for the suspension. Suspension does not constitute removal from office.

B. The duration of suspension will continue until:

i. Any proceedings under the terms of the Lex Cornelia poenalis are completed and the governor is found not to have committed a violation under that lex and the Princeps senatus in his/her opinion is satisfied that the suspension can be lifted, or

ii. Until such time as the Senate during Formal Session reviews the matter and either confirms the governor in office and removes the suspension, or removes the governor from office under section III.A or under section IV.A.

iii. The Princeps senatus shall notify the Senate of such a suspension as soon as is practicable to do so after suspension occurs, during either Informal or Formal Session of the Senate.

VIII. During the time of such suspension from office at section VII a suspended governor is prohibited from:

A. Performing any of his constitutionally appointed functions B. Representing himself/herself as governor of a province C. Directing/influencing the affairs of his/her province whether by proxy, or through a third party not appointed by the Senate for that function.

IX. If a suspended governor engages in such behavior prohibited at section VIII during the time of his/her suspension, that shall also constitute further grounds for his/her removal from office. A suspended governor shall retire from official provincial life and shall conduct himself/herself as a private citizen. Behavior by suspended governor contrary to section VIII shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

X. During the time of suspension the name and/or details of the governor shall be removed from the list of governors held on the Nova Roma wiki. No member of the Senate, or Magistrate or official, whether elected or appointed, shall accord such a suspended governor any rights or accreditation as might be due to a duly appointed governor, nor shall they facilitate a representation of his/her continued authority as a governor. Such behavior by such a member of the Senate or Magistrate in defiance of this shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE as per the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

XI. Any province without a governor appointed herein shall have all of its Nova Roman provincial officials, of any and all ranks, appointed by any previous governor confirmed as automatically and immediately dismissed from office. In a province with no Senate appointed governor, no person may be appointed to any provincial office, except by the Senate, and no local groups may operate as representatives of Nova Roma, or represent themselves as official, or otherwise, Nova Roman groups. The Nova Roman citizens of any province without a governor are forbidden from electing or appointing any person, citizen or otherwise, to any position of authority or responsibility within that province, or outside of the provincial borders.

XII. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section XII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

XIII. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section XII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE LEX CORNELIA DE CLASSIBUS ET ORDINE EQUESTRI

I. The Lex Cornelia de classibus et ordine equestri is suspended.

II. Pending any revision of the Lex Cornelia de classibus et ordine equestri, due to perceived issues with its wording, the number of centuries allocated to the Ordo Equester members shall remain at one for the duration of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

III. The membership of the Ordo Equester held by Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (citizen # 7694), and his allocation to the Ordo Equester century, as at section II above, is unaffected by this Senatus consultum ultimum, subject to that citizen not resigning or being banished and also subject to that citizen retaining a balance of at least 220 census points. Should that citizen suffer a reduction in census points that results in his total being less than 220 census points, his removal from the Ordo is deemed automatic, and the Censors shall upon such reduction reflect this change in the Album Civium and note the reason in the Censorial record for that citizen. Citizen 7694 shall be the only member of the century at section II above.

IV. Any citizens subsequently admitted to the Ordo Equester by the Censors shall not be allocated to the century at section II above but shall be placed in a century appropriate to their class in the normal manner for citizen century allocation, as per the Senatus Consultum Ultimum on Electoral Process to be used in the Comitia Centuriata.

V. Apart from citizen 7694, no other citizen appointed to the Ordo Equester shall enjoy any special century placement or enjoy any other electoral advantage until such a revision of the Lex Cornelia de classibus et ordine equestri is enacted and such special century placement and electoral advantage being granted in such a revision.

VI. Any amending enactment of the Lex Cornelia de classibus et ordine equestri shall be subject to the provisions of the Senatus consultum ultimum on the process for proposed legislation to be put before comitia

VII. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

VIII. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE CITIZENSHIP PROCESS, THE IUS LATII AND ASSOCIATED MATTERS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. The Lex Equitia de tirocinio civium novorum is overridden. From the date of the enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum no applicants, existing or future, for Nova Roman citizenship shall be admitted to citizenship other than by the process specified herein.

III. An intermediate status, prior to the granting of Nova Roman citizenship, of a holder of the Latin right (ius Latii) is established. This intermediate status shall be divided into three stages, the preliminary stage, the initial stage and the secondary stage.

IV. The ius Latii shall only comprise the rights of;

A. Commercium:

1. The right to participate in the Senate designated lists for the holders of the ius Latii. 2. The right to participate in organizations that are associated with Nova Roma Inc.through a formal Memorandum of Understanding, established only by the Senate, and which have been accorded and accepted ius Latii status for all their members. This participation would be for the purpose of joint project work. 3. The right to be participants in consortiums and corporations established by enactment of the Senate, subject to any regulations of the Senate. 4. The right to advertise in the Macellum (Mercatus) upon approval of such an advertisement by the Curule Aediles. 5. The rights to have a Currency Point (CP) account (when established) and to earn and disperse CP, subject to any regulations. 6. The right to enter into contracts, subject to regulation by the Senate and arbitration by the Curule Aediles in the event of disputes, with other ius Latii, where the contracts concern projects and ventures.

B. Conubium:

The right to register a familia within the ius Latii. with another person(s) who are ius Latii, subject to any relevant Senate enacted regulations.

C. Ius migrationis:

1. The right to obtain membership of any organization at section A.2 with specific benefits as outlined in the Memorandum of Understanding between Nova Roma Inc. and the organization. 2. The right to obtain and maintain membership of any organization at section A.2, based on a rate negotiated in the Memorandum of Understanding.

D. Any other right subsequently granted only by the Senate of Nova Roma.

V. The Senate may amend or delete any or all of the rights granted at section IV as it sees fit.

VI. The Senatus Consultum on Access to the Censorial Database is overridden. The Censors are removed from the administration of the corporate asset that are the online tools referred to as the 'censorial tools' or 'censorial database' or 'censorial records'. No user name or password shall in future be granted to any censor to access these tools. Authorized users of these tools are restricted only to members of the Senate Information Technology Task Force (ITTF), the Princeps senatus and the chair of the Senate Policy Committee (SPC).

VII. The album civium, referred to in the Nova Roman Constitution shall be a designated page, named as such, of the Nova Roman Wiki. Separate pages shall also be established and named on the Wiki to be the designated album gentium and album equestrium. The album civium shall list only the Nova Roman names and citizen numbers of all active citizens of Nova Roma. The album equestrium shall list all members of the Ordo equester, including only their Nova Roman names and citizen numbers. The album gentium shall list only the names of the active gens of Nova Roma, but not the members of those gens.

VIII. Any information that the Censors wish included on an existing citizen's Online Membership Record (OMR), formerly known as 'censorial record', shall be emailed to any authorized user at section VI. That authorized user shall enter it on the citizen's OMR quoting the exact emailed text of the Censor. In cases of granting of citizenship, subject to the approval of citizenship process herein, the Censor shall transmit this grant by email to any authorized user as at VI, and this shall be deemed to have been entered by the censor personally, and such a method shall satisfy the requirements of the Senatus Consultum on the Process of Approval of Citizenship.

IX. Any information transmitted by a Censor at section VIII shall not be entered onto the OMR if it is in breach of any existing section of the Constitution, a Senatus consultum ultimum, a lex, decreta, Senatus consultum, or edict.

X. The authorized users at section VI shall review applications for citizenship for compliance with any existing prohibitions on membership of Nova Roma in respect of Competing Organizations. They shall forward any such applications that breach such prohibitions, and where the Censors have discretion under existing regulations to put such matters before the Senate, to the Censors for their review and action as they deem appropriate. This is the 'preliminary stage' of citizenship application.

XI. If an applicant for citizenship is not subject to any such prohibitions as at section X, then the authorized user(s) shall ensure that the chosen Roman name conforms to acceptable standards and shall then request the Senate appointed owner(s) or moderator(s) of any list designated by the Senate as being for the ius Latii to add the applicant to that list as a member of the ius Latii. These lists shall be official lists of Nova Roma under the jurisdiction of the Senate, the owners of all such lists shall be the Princeps senatus, the chair of the SPC and one other member of the ITTF chosen by the chair of the SPC. The moderators shall be nominated by the chair of the SPC, shall be Senators and shall be appointed by vote of the Senate in Formal Session. The authorized users are delegated the sole responsibility and sole authority by the Senate to admit persons to the ius Latii. The applicant shall be informed by the authorized user(s) that he/she has been admitted to the ius Latii as a preliminary step towards obtaining Nova Roman citizenship, and provided details of the list he/she has been assigned to together with any authorized Senate information on the ius Latii available concerning rights and obligations as a member of the ius Latii.

XII. Upon receipt of the request at section XI, the owner(s) or moderator(s) of the list shall admit the applicant, now a member of the ius Latii. That applicant shall be required to follow and obey and directives/rules of the list, in addition to any and all Senate regulations concerning the ius Latii. The chosen Roman name at section XI shall be considered to be interim and maybe changed by the applicant prior to the grant of citizenship, or maybe required to change it at any stage prior to the grant of citizenship by the authorized users. The applicant shall immediately upon admittance to the list be required to take the Oath specified below at section XXI. The applicant shall then post the oath without additions, deletions or changes, in the form provided to him/her, to his/her isu Latii list. The applicant is now in the 'initial stage' of citizenship application.

XIII. The owner(s) or moderator(s) of any designated list for the ius Latii shall assign to any holder(s) of the ius Latii such projects and tasks that have been assigned to the ius Latii by the Senate or such projects and tasks that the owner(s) or moderator(s) consider as supporting the functions and missions of Nova Roma. The SPC shall retain oversight of all such projects and tasks, and the SPC may amend or rescind those projects and tasks not assigned by the Senate in Formal Session as it sees fit. The SPC may also create its own projects and tasks for the ius Latii. Other standing committees of the Senate may request the SPC to assign projects and tasks to the ius Latii list owner(s) and moderator(s) for subsequent assignment to the holders of the ius Latii.

XIV. The applicant for citizenship shall have his/her progress and involvement as a holder of the ius Latii in the initial stage reviewed every 6 months by the owner(s) and moderator(s) of the ius Latii list he/she is assigned to at the request of the authorized users, who shall employ a brought forward date (BF) to that effect on the applicants OMR. If at any such review date the moderator(s) consider that the applicant has displayed a suitable level of involvement and participation in any assigned projects and tasks, and/or in the life of the list through relevant contributions, then the owner(s) then they shall prepare a short summary to that effect and forward it to the senior praetor (praetor urbanus). This summary must include details of projects and tasks the applicant has been involved in. The authorized users will be informed of the result of any review in order that they can update the applicant's OMR and update any BF dates as required. If there is no praetor urbanus in office the Senate shall select a senator to oversee the duties of the praetor urbanus in respect of the ius Latti and list administration as defined in this Senatus consultum ultimum. The substitute chosen should be preferably, but not necessarily, a member of the praetorii.

XV. The praetor urbanus shall be the moderator of the Collis Aventinus list. This list shall be an official list of Nova Roma under the jurisdiction of the Senate, the owners of such being the Princeps senatus, the chair of the SPC and one other member of the ITTF chosen by the chair of the SPC. Other moderators maybe selected only by the owners of the list.

XVI. The praetor urbanus upon receiving the summary at section XIV shall admit the applicant subject of the summary to the Collis Aventinus list. The applicant is now in the 'secondary stage' of citizenship application. The applicant will be instructed by the praetor urbanus and any other list moderators, or the owners, in the history, customs, structure and legislation of Nova Roma. The applicant may also have to continue to work on projects and tasks assigned during the initial stage. The applicant for citizenship shall have his/her progress and involvement as a holder of the ius Latii in the secondary stage reviewed every 6 months by the owner(s) and moderator(s) of the ius Latii list he/she is assigned to at the request of the authorized users, who shall employ a brought forward date (BF) to that effect on the applicants OMR. If at any such review date the praetor urbanus and the other list moderators, or the owners, consider that the applicant has displayed a suitable level of involvement and participation in any continued assigned projects and tasks, proficiency in the acquisition of instructed knowledge and/or contributions to the life of the list through relevant posts, then the praetor urbanus shall prepare a short summary to that effect and forward it to the Princeps senatus, along with the summary at section XIV. The authorized users will be informed of the result of any review in order that they can update the applicant's OMR and update any BF dates as required.

XVII. The Princeps senatus shall upon receiving the combined summary of initial and secondary stages, as per section XVI, either himself/herself summon the Senate into Formal Session, or shall require the consul holding the rods to add the summary to any prospective or existing agenda for that month, if the Senate rules permit such an addition in respect of the timing. The summary shall be entered as an item on the agenda for Formal Session as "Citizenship Approval". The Senate in Formal Session shall debate the matter of approving the applicants citizenship, based upon the evidence presented in the combined summary, and shall then vote on a draft Senatus consultum, by simple majority, as whether to approve the applicant's citizenship. In the event the Senate reject the applicant for citizenship, the praetor urbanus and the authorized users shall be informed by the Princeps senatus and the applicant shall remain still in the secondary stage on the Collis Aventinus list. In the event that the Senate approves the applicant for citizenship then the Censors will be informed by the Princeps senatus and requested to admit the applicant to the album civium, and once the censor has completed this the authorized users shall update the now citizen's OMR to this effect. Such an update on the OMR by the authorized users shall constitute an entry by the censor(s) for the purposes of the Senatus Consultum on the Process of Approval of Citizenship. The now citizen will take an Oath of Citizenship specified below at section XXII. The citizen shall then post the oath without additions, deletions or changes, in the form provided to him/her, to the official list specified by the Princeps senatus.

XVIII. An applicant may at any stage of this process indicate that they do not wish to progress to citizenship, but prefer to:

A. Remain as a member of the ius Latii B. Surrender his/her status as a holder of the ius Latii and be moved out of his/her current isu Latii list to the Forum Hospitum list, which from now on is renamed as the Trans Tiberim list. C. Entirely discontinue their citizenship application and not be assigned to the Trans Tiberim list

In the event that the applicant exercises any of the above options then the authorized users shall be informed and the applicant's OMR updated accordingly. An applicant can also have his membership application terminated by the Senate vote of a simple majority at any stage prior to being granted citizenship, based on a summary from any list owner or moderator that recommend termination, and where such a summary includes the reasons for such a recommendation.

XIX. The owners and/or moderators of the respective ius Latii lists and the Collis Aventinus list may determine rules of list conduct, and the decision of the owners in the creation and application of the rules shall be final. Applicants for citizenship do not enjoy any of the rights afforded to citizens of Nova Roma. No citizens of Nova Roma other than those authorized by the Senate shall be subscribed to the ius Latii lists and the Collis Aventinus list.

XX. The name of primary ius Latii list in the initial stage shall be Alba Longa. Additional lists maybe added, if the chair of the SPC determines that the numbers of applicants merit such a list expansion, and their names are Ardea, Aricia, Cora, Lanuvium, Lavinium, Pometia, Tibur and Tusculum.

XXI. The form of the Oath that applicants are required to make, as per section XII, is in the form as below:

"I, [enter the applicant's chosen Nova Roman name and applicant number here] do hereby solemnly swear to uphold the honor of Nova Roma, and to act always in the best interests of the people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

I, swear to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as the State Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in a way that would threaten its status as the State Religion.

I further swear to accept the authority of the Senate, magistrates, officials (whether appointed or elected), the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force.

As an applicant for Nova Roman citizenship, I swear to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life, where such virtues do not conflict with the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force, as such enactments shall have supremacy over any personal interpretations, definitions or beliefs I may have as to what defines Roman virtues.

I further swear that I am not a member or supporter of any Competing Organization as listed at http://novaroma.org/nr/Competing_Organizations, and that I have viewed this link and that I am aware of which organizations are deemed Competing Organizations therein.

I further swear that I will refrain from joining or supporting any other Competing Organizations listed at the above link, or any other future Competing Organizations.

I further swear that at the time of swearing and/or the time of sending this, I did not engage in any religious rite, or religiously recognized or personal practice, or possess, hold, or otherwise rely on any device or method, that would invalidate this oath.

I swear that all of the above is true on my honor as an applicant for Nova Roman citizenship, and in the presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people, and I understand that in the event I am found to have subsequently broken, or revoked or forsworn this oath, or swore falsely herein, that I will be subject of an immediate recommendation to the Senate for termination of my application for Nova Roman citizenship.

Signed [enter the applicant's chosen Nova Roman name and applicant number here]"

XXII. The form of the Oath that citizens are required to make, as per section XVII, is in the form as below:

"I, [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here] do hereby solemnly swear to uphold the honor of Nova Roma, and to act always in the best interests of the people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

I, swear to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as the State Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in a way that would threaten its status as the State Religion.

I further swear to accept the authority of the Senate, magistrates, officials (whether appointed or elected), the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force.

As a citizen of Nova Roma, I swear to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life, where such virtues do not conflict with the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force, as such enactments shall have supremacy over any personal interpretations, definitions or beliefs I may have as to what defines Roman virtues.

I further swear that I am not a member or supporter of any Competing Organization as listed at http://novaroma.org/nr/Competing_Organizations, and that I have viewed this link and that I am aware of which organizations are deemed Competing Organizations therein.

I further swear that I will refrain from joining or supporting any other Competing Organizations listed at the above link, or any other future Competing Organizations.

I further swear that at the time of swearing and/or the time of sending this, I did not engage in any religious rite, or religiously recognized or personal practice, or possess, hold, or otherwise rely on any device or method, that would invalidate this oath.

I swear that all of the above is true on my honor as an applicant for Nova Roman citizenship, and in the presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people, and I understand that in the event I am found to have subsequently broken, or revoked or forsworn this oath, or swore falsely herein, that I will be subject of an immediate recommendation to the Senate for sanctions to be applied against me.

Signed [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here]"

XXIII. Any failure or refusal by a member of the Senate, or a magistrate, to discharge a duty required under this Senatus consultum ultimum shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE for the purposes of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

XXIV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section XXIV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

XXV. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section XXIV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TASK FORCE (ITTF)

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. The Senatus consultum on the creation of an Information Technology Task Force is repealed.

III. The Senate authorizes the creation of an amended Information Technology Task Force (ITTF). The Information Technology Task Force (ITTF) shall henceforth be responsible for the ownership, oversight, and where necessary the direct administration, of all aspects of Nova Roma's Information Technology (IT) assets, including (but not limited to) the Nova Roman webpage (novaroma.org), the Nova Roman Wiki (http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Main_Page), the set of online tools referred to as the "censorial tools", and all designated official Nova Roman lists/discussion boards.

IV. The ITTF shall be responsible for the issuing of, the administration of, securing and revocation of passwords for all Nova Roman IT assets.

V. The ITTF shall act to preserve the IT assets of Nova Roma whenever it considers it necessary to do so, by revocation of passwords.

VI. The chair of the ITTF shall be Gnaeus Iulius Caesar (citizen # 7228). The other members shall be Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (citizen # 8) and Titus Iulius Sabinus (citizen # 8092).

VII. Decisions of the ITTF shall be made preferably by consensus, but where necessary by majority vote.

VIII. The ITTF may co-opt additional Senators, with their agreement, onto the ITTF.

IX.

A. In the event that the Senate appoints a Chief Information Officer (CIO), he/she shall be subordinate to, and report directly to,the ITTF in all IT matters and CIO related duties. The ITTF shall decide the level of access that the CIO shall have and retain to the IT assets of Nova Roma. The ITTF may suspend the CIO from his/her position, revoking all his/her password access, if it considers it necessary to do so, subject to ratification of either reinstatement, continued suspension, or the complete removal from office, of the CIO by the Senate in a Formal Session, presided over by the Princeps senatus. In the absence of any CIO the ITTF shall assume any functions and tasks legally assigned to the CIO.

B. In the event that the Senate appoints a Magister Aranearius, he/she shall be subordinate to, and report directly to,the ITTF in all matters relating to the duties of the Magister Aranearius. The ITTF shall decide the level of access that the Magister Aranearius shall have and retain to the IT assets of Nova Roma. The ITTF may suspend the Magister Aranearius from his/her position, revoking all his/her password access, if it considers it necessary to do so, subject to ratification of either reinstatement, continued suspension, or the complete removal from office, of the Magister Aranearius by the Senate in a Formal Session, presided over by the Princeps senatus. In the absence of a Magister Aranearius the ITTF shall assume any functions and tasks legally assigned to the Magister Aranearius.

C. In the event that the Senate appoints an Editor commentariorum, he/she shall be subordinate to, and report directly to,the ITTF in all matters relating to the duties of the Editor commentariorum. The ITTF shall decide the level of access that the Editor commentariorum shall have and retain to the IT assets of Nova Roma. The ITTF may suspend the Editor commentariorum from his/her position, revoking all his/her password access, if it considers it necessary to do so, subject to ratification of either reinstatement, continued suspension, or the complete removal from office, of the Editor commentariorum by the Senate in a Formal Session, presided over by the Princeps senatus. In the absence of an Editor commentariorum the ITTF shall assume any functions and tasks legally assigned to the Editor commentariorum.

X. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section X.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

XI. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section X.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE AMENDED OATH TO BE TAKEN BY MAGISTRATES AND OFFICIALS OF NOVA ROMA

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma.

II. The Lex Iunia de iusiurando, as amended by the Lex Cassia de iusiurando, is overridden.

III. The oath, in the form at section V below shall be taken by all magistrates, and all officials of Nova Roma, whether elected or appointed, in all Nova Roman institutions, including Senate and priestly appointments, prior to assuming the office elected or appointed to.

IV. The oath must be taken exactly in the form at section V below and posted in the manner prescribed at section VI below. Failure to take the oath, or failing to do so in exactly the form and/or manner prescribed, shall result the office being considered vacant until the oath is taken and/or taken correctly. The person failing to take the oath, or failing to do so in the form and/or manner prescribed shall not assume that office, nor execute any function or power associated with that office until the oath is taken, and/or taken correctly.

V. FORM OF THE OATH FOR MAGISTRATES AND OFFICIALS OF NOVA ROMA

"I, [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here] do hereby solemnly swear to uphold the honor of Nova Roma, and to act always in the best interests of the people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

I, swear to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as the State Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in a way that would threaten its status as the State Religion.

I further swear to accept the authority of the Senate, magistrates, officials (whether appointed or elected), the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force.

I further swear to fulfill the obligations and responsibilities of the office of [enter the title of the office here] to the best of my abilities.

As a magistrate or official of Nova Roma, I swear to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life, where such virtues do not conflict with the current Nova Roman Constitution, all Senatus consulta ultima, leges, Senatus consulta, decreta and edicta that are in force, as such enactments shall have supremacy over any personal interpretations, definitions or beliefs I may have as to what defines Roman virtues.

I further swear that I am not a member or supporter of any Competing Organization as listed at http://novaroma.org/nr/Competing_Organizations, and that I have viewed this link and that I am aware of which organizations are deemed Competing Organizations therein.

I further swear that I will refrain from joining or supporting any other Competing Organizations listed at the above link, or any other future Competing Organizations.

I further swear that at the time of swearing and/or the time of sending this, I did not engage in any religious rite, or religiously recognized or personal practice, or possess, hold, or otherwise rely on any device or method, that would invalidate this oath.

On my honor as a Citizen of Nova Roma, and in the presence of the Gods and Goddesses of the Roman people and by their will and favor, do I accept the position of [enter the title of the office here] and all the rights, privileges, obligations, and responsibilities attendant thereto.

Signed [enter the citizen's full official Nova Roman name and citizen number here]"

VI. POSTING OF THE OATH

a. The oath shall be posted on the Main List which shall be the primary list for posting the oath, or the primary list shall be any successor list to the Main List declared as such by the Senate in Formal Session, or any other list indicated by the Princeps senatus in times when the Main List is for any reason not available, or not suitable for posting on, and where there is insufficient time for the Senate to be called into Formal Session to designate an alternative or successor list before the magistrate(s) or official(s) have to take office, either by reason of a date for doing so, or for reasons of urgent need to fill such an office.

b. The secondary list in cases of priestly appointments that the oath shall also be posted on, immediately after the posting on the primary list, shall be the Collegium Pontificum list, or if that is not available to the person taking the oath then the oath shall be emailed to the Pontifex maximus to post to the Collegium Pontificum list for record purposes.

c. The secondary list in cases of senatorial appointments that the oath shall also be posted on, immediately after the posting on the primary list, shall be the Senate list, or if that is not available to the person taking the oath then the oath shall be emailed to to the Princeps senatus to post to the Senate list for record purposes.

VII. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority. B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum. VIII. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE PROCESS OF PROVOCATIO

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. The right of provocatio is established in the Nova Roman Constitution, section II.B.5 as being:

"The right of provocatio; to appeal a decision of a magistrate that has a direct negative impact upon that citizen to the comitia populi tributa;"

III. The right of provocatio is referenced also in the Lex Cornelia poenalis, section VI.c.vi:

"The right of appeal upon imposition of a penalty under this lex shall be defined as the exercise of the right of provocatio, as per section II.B.5 of the Nova Roman Constitution."

IV. The process of provocatio shall be as follows in any matter not involving the process described in the Lex Cornelia poenalis:

A. The comitia populi tributa shall be called to order by the appropriate presiding magistrate, as specified in the Constitution.

B. The presiding magistrate shall prior to the comitia populi tributa convening obtain from the citizen appealing the decision of the magistrate a summary of his/her account of the case the citizen wishes the comitia to consider, and why the comitia should support his/her appeal against the decision of the magistrate.

C. The presiding magistrate shall prior to the comitia populi tributa convening obtain from the magistrate being appealed against a summary of his/her account of the case the magistrate wishes the comitia to consider, and why the comitia should support his/her original decision.

D. No contio shall be permitted. No cross-examination of the citizen or of the magistrate shall be permitted, whether by the presiding magistrate or any other citizen. This process is not a trial. It is only an evaluation by the comitia populi tributa of the two summaries, from magistrate and citizen. Upon calling the comitia populi tributa to order the presiding magistrate must immediately post the summaries to the official list designated for the comitia populi tributa, and thereafter immediately proceed to the vote. The voting period shall be a minimum of five days and last no longer than eight days. The question for the comitia populi tributa to vote upon shall be posed in the form as whether to support the magistrate's decision or not.

E. If the comitia populi tributa votes in favor of the citizen, then the decision of the magistrate subject of the appeal shall be void and without legal force, pending any review by the Senate.

F. If the comitia populi tributa votes in favor of the magistrate, then the decision of the magistrate subject of the appeal shall remain valid and with full legal force, pending any review by the Senate.

G. Either the citizen or the magistrate may appeal to the Senate, by requesting Senate review of the entire matter through the Princeps senatus. This request must be made within three days of the vote being concluded. The Princeps senatus may also elect to bring the matter before the Senate for a review of the entire matter. The Princeps senatus shall summon the Senate into Formal Session. The Senate shall debate and decide the matter either in favor of the citizen or the magistrate by vote of simple majority on a draft Senatus consultum ultimum accordingly. The question for the Senate to vote upon shall be posed in the form as whether to support the magistrate's decision or not.

H. If the Senate votes in favor of the citizen, then the decision of the magistrate subject of the appeal shall be void and without legal force.

I. If the Senate votes in favor of the magistrate, then the decision of the magistrate subject of the appeal shall remain valid and with full legal force.

J. The decision of the Senate is final and not itself subject to provocatio or intercessio.

V. The process of provocatio shall be as follows in any matter involving the process described in the Lex Cornelia poenalis:

A. The comitia populi tributa shall be called to order by the appropriate presiding magistrate, as specified in the Constitution.

B. The presiding magistrate shall prior to the comitia populi tributa convening obtain from the citizen appealing the decision of the praetor a summary of his/her account of the case the citizen wishes the comitia to consider, and why the comitia should support his/her appeal against the decision of the praetor.

C. The presiding magistrate shall prior to the comitia populi tributa convening obtain from the praetor being appealed against a summary of his/her account of the case the praetor wishes the comitia to consider, and why the comitia should support his/her original decision.

D. No contio shall be permitted. No cross-examination of the citizen or of the praetor shall be permitted, whether by the presiding magistrate or any other citizen. This process is not a trial. It is only an evaluation by the comitia populi tributa of the two summaries, from praetor and citizen. Upon calling the comitia populi tributa to order the presiding magistrate must immediately post the summaries to the official list designated for the comitia populi tributa, and thereafter immediately proceed to the vote. The voting period shall be a minimum of five days and last no longer than eight days. The question for the comitia populi tributa to vote upon shall be posed in the form as whether to support the praetor's decision or not.

E. If the comitia populi tributa votes in favor of the citizen, then the decision of the praetor subject of the appeal shall be void and without legal force, pending review by the Senate.

F. If the comitia populi tributa votes in favor of the praetor, then the decision of the praetor subject of the appeal shall remain valid and with full legal force, pending review by the Senate.

G. The matter shall then be referred to the Senate under the process and terms laid out in the Lex Cornelia poenalis.

VI. Any failure or refusal by a member of the Senate, or a magistrate, to discharge a duty required under this Senatus consultum ultimum shall constitute CONTEMPT OF THE SENATE for the purposes of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

VII. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

VIII. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section VII.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ON THE MODERATION OF SENATE POSTING RIGHTS OF GAIUS PETRONIUS DEXTER

I. This matter concerns the behavior of Gaius Petronius Dexter, senator of Nova Roma, during the February Formal Session of the Senate, and is referred to the Senate as per section IX.A.4 of the Senatus Consultum de Ratione Senatus MMDCCLXV.

II. Gaius Petronius Dexter shall be subject to a six month moderation of posting rights on the Senate list, commencement of which shall be effective upon the enactment of this Senatus consultum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE APPOINTMENT OF THE PRINCEPS SENATUS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. Given that Decius Iunius Palladius Invictus (citizen # 17), senator of Nova Roma and Princeps senatus, is on a prolonged period of leave, the Senate honorably removes him from the position of Princeps senatus and thanks him for his service to the Senate of Nova Roma.

III. The Senate mindful of the requirements of section X.A of the Senatus consultum de ratione senatus MMDCCLXV appoints Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (citizen # 8) as Princeps senatus and also recognizes his invaluable contributions to the maintenance of the Nova Roman Senate, and thus to the well being of Nova Roma, during his period of service as Acting Princeps senatus. The term of office stipulated for the Princeps senatus in the Senatus consultum de ratione senatus MMDCCLXV shall commence upon the date of the enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

IV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE PROCESS FOR ISSUING A SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. A draft Senatus consultum ultimum may only be presented to the Senate in Formal Session and voted upon if the Princeps senatus gives his consent to present it, based on his determination of the necessity to do so.

III. In the absence of the Princeps senatus only the chair of the Senate Policy Committee may give the consent required at section II.

IV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

V. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON SENATE RULES

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. In respect of any deviations from the terms, conditions, and requirements of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV that concern the conduct of any Formal meeting of the Senate in session during the period since November 16th 2015, any such deviations are remitted

III. Any such instances of deviations shall be treated as though they had complied with the terms, conditions, and requirements of the SENATUS CONSULTUM DE RATIONE SENATUS MMDCCLXV.

IV. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section IV.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON CITIZENS JOINING HOSTILE ORGANIZATIONS

I. This Senatus consultum ultimum is issued by the Senate under the authority granted to it under section V.E of the Constitution of Nova Roma and under the constitutional authority of the Senate as the supreme policy-making authority for Nova Roma.

II. Any citizen of Nova Roma that becomes an officer, or member, or supporter of an organization, existing now or in the future, that has either a declared policy of hostility to Nova Roma and/or its Senate, or where the communications from the officers, members or supporters of such an organization clearly demonstrate such hostility, and/or where the aims of such an organization clearly violate the Code of Conduct of the Lex Cornelia poenalis, and where such an organization has not yet been declared a Competing Organization at the time of the citizen joining it, shall be subject to the process and any relevant penalties/actions/sanctions deemed necessary by the Senate set forth in the SENATUS CONSULTUM ULTIMUM ON THE POLICY FOR COMPETING ORGANIZATIONS AND NOVA ROMAN CITIZENS once that organization is declared a Competing Organization notwithstanding the citizen joined before the organization was so declared.

III. Upon enactment of this Senatus consultum ultimum:

A. The only lawful method of subsequently superseding, amending or repealing this Senatus consultum ultimum must be by way of a Senatus consultum ultimum, that must achieve an extraordinary majority before it can be enacted. Any other method or attempt shall be illegal and forbidden. The Princeps senatus may at his/her discretion replace the requirement above for an extraordinary majority with a requirement for a special majority, or a simple majority.

B. No other Senatus consultum ultimum shall be enacted where the proposed content of which conflicts, negates, overrides, limits or otherwise affects in a negative manner the contents and/or purposes of all or any part of this Senatus consultum ultimum, whether directly or indirectly other than by the method at specified at section III.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.

IV. This Senatus consultum ultimum shall terminate on the 31st December 2022, unless it shall be terminated earlier under the process described at section III.A of this Senatus consultum ultimum.