Latin for e-mail - Revision history

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus at 19:26, 10 March 2022

2022-03-10T19:26:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 10 March 2022
Line 3:		Line 3:
	==Introduction==		==Introduction==

−	In keeping with [[~~Mos Maiorum~~]] we, the citizens of [[Nova Roma]], seek to use as much [[Latin]] in our various communications as possible. Being a global community, we will often use e-mail or mailing lists to communicate with each other.	+	In keeping with ''[[mos maiorum]]'' we, the citizens of [[Nova Roma]], seek to use as much [[Latin]] in our various communications as possible. Being a global community, we will often use e-mail or mailing lists to communicate with each other.

	This page is a guide for new citizens and beginners, to aid you along your path to [[Romanitas]]. Below is a basic framework for using [[Latin]] throughout various written communication mediums to help you better assimilate and become a true Roman!		This page is a guide for new citizens and beginners, to aid you along your path to [[Romanitas]]. Below is a basic framework for using [[Latin]] throughout various written communication mediums to help you better assimilate and become a true Roman!

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: Updated

2022-03-10T19:25:54Z

Updated

Show changes

Decimus Aurelius Ingeniarius: Part 2 - Formatting and layout changes only - to aid in clarity. No changes to the content.

2020-08-16T03:38:19Z

Part 2 - Formatting and layout changes only - to aid in clarity. No changes to the content.

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:38, 16 August 2020
Line 62:		Line 62:
	*If a name ends in "-ius", then the vocative ends in "-i". For example, "''Tullius''" becomes "''Tulli''".		*If a name ends in "-ius", then the vocative ends in "-i". For example, "''Tullius''" becomes "''Tulli''".
	*If a name ends in "-us", then the vocative ends in "-e". For example, "''Marcus''" becomes "''Marce''".		*If a name ends in "-us", then the vocative ends in "-e". For example, "''Marcus''" becomes "''Marce''".
−	*All other names do not change at all. "''Felix''" stays "''Felix''", "''Fabia''" stays "''Fabia''" and so on.	+	*All other names do not change at all. Examples include: "''Felix''" stays "''Felix''", "''Fabia''" stays "''Fabia''", and so on.

	It is the general convention that you address someone by their [[cognomen]] (the last part of the name). Women were often called by their [[nomen]] (middle name) alone.		It is the general convention that you address someone by their [[cognomen]] (the last part of the name). Women were often called by their [[nomen]] (middle name) alone.
Line 81:		Line 81:
	===Hello Everyone!===		===Hello Everyone!===

−	You need to use plurals. "''Salvete omnes!''"	+	You need to use plurals: "''Salvete omnes!''"

	(Grammar note: "''Salvete!''" is the plural of "''Salve!''" and "''omnes''" is the plural of "''omnis''", meaning "all" or "every".)		(Grammar note: "''Salvete!''" is the plural of "''Salve!''" and "''omnes''" is the plural of "''omnis''", meaning "all" or "every".)
Line 87:		Line 87:

	===Kim sends greetings to Lee===		===Kim sends greetings to Lee===
		+	:''Main article: [[Dative]]''

−	The hard part here is "to Lee". In Latin, we do not use a word for "to". Instead, we change the end of the name in a way that ~~tells us~~ the ~~same idea as "to"~~.	+	The hard part here is how to write "to Lee". In Latin, we do not use a word for "to" in this context. Instead, we change the end of the name in a way that denotes that they are receiving the greeting.

−	~~(Grammar note:~~ This form of the name, or any noun, is called the "[[dative\|dative case]]".) Here are some examples showing how to make the [[dative]]:	+	This form of the name, or any noun, is called the "[[dative\|dative case]]".) Here are some examples showing how to make the [[dative]]:
	*Marc-us -> Marc-o (most names that end in "-us" work like this)		*Marc-us -> Marc-o (most names that end in "-us" work like this)
	*Gai-a -> Gai-ae (most names that end in "-a" work like this)		*Gai-a -> Gai-ae (most names that end in "-a" work like this)
−	*Felix -> Felici ~~(there are some~~ names ~~that don~~'~~t fit those patterns~~. ~~You will have to learn more about Latin than we can teach you right now~~. ~~Or you can simply ask the Roman in question; s/he~~'~~ll know~~.)	+	*Felix -> Felici
		+
		+	Normally, Latin ''[[praenomen\|praenomina]]'' "first names" were abbreviated. ''Gaius'' is always abbreviated "''C.''" and ''Gnaeus'' is always abbreviated "''Cn.''". Here are some more [[Dative]] examples:
	*''Marcus Lucretius Agricola'' -> ''M. Lucretio Agricolae''		*''Marcus Lucretius Agricola'' -> ''M. Lucretio Agricolae''
	*''Aula Tullia Scholastica'' -> ''A. Tulliae Scholasticae''		*''Aula Tullia Scholastica'' -> ''A. Tulliae Scholasticae''
	*''Gaius Equitius Cato'' -> ''C. Equitio Catoni''		*''Gaius Equitius Cato'' -> ''C. Equitio Catoni''

−	~~(Grammar note: "Cato" is another of those "~~learn more" ~~names~~.)	+	There are some names that don't fit these patterns. You will have to learn more Latin to grasp the unusual cases. Names like "Cato" are a prime example. Or you can simply ask the Roman in question; they'll know.

−	~~(Latin usage note: Normally, Latin ''[[praenomen\|praenomina]]'' "first names" were abbreviated. ''Gaius'' is always abbreviated "''C.''" and ''Gnaeus'' is always abbreviated "''Cn.''")~~

−	"Sends greetings" is a simple phrase "''salutem dicit''" but we nearly always ~~write~~ it "''s. d.''" or "''sal.''" See Example 2 for a sample.	+	"Sends greetings" is a simple phrase "''salutem dicit''" but we nearly always abbreviate it as "''s. d.''" or "''sal.''" See Example 2 below for a sample.

−	On a mailing list you might say hello to everyone, as we show in Example 3.	+	On a mailing list you might say hello to everyone, as we show below in Example 3.

	(Grammar note: "''omnibus''" means "to everyone". )		(Grammar note: "''omnibus''" means "to everyone". )
Line 113:		Line 115:
	===Kim sends greetings to Lee and Everyone===		===Kim sends greetings to Lee and Everyone===

−	If you reply to a message by one person, but you want to greet everyone else who is reading, you could write it like Example 4.	+	If you want to send to, or reply to a message by, one person, but you also want to greet everyone else who is reading, you could write it like Example 4.

	(Grammar note: In this example, the "''-que''" on the end of "''omnibusque''" means "and".)		(Grammar note: In this example, the "''-que''" on the end of "''omnibusque''" means "and".)
Line 125:		Line 127:
	===I really hope you're well===		===I really hope you're well===

−	"''Si vales, bene est, ego valeo''" literally means "If you are sound, that is well; I'm sound". The ~~usual way~~ is ~~to write~~ the ~~abbreviation~~ "''S.V.B.E.E.V.''" You can write this in addition to saying hello: “''Agricola Cordo S.P.D. S.V.B.E.E.V.''”	+	"''Si vales, bene est, ego valeo''" literally means "If you are sound, that is well; I'm sound". The common usage of this phrase is in the abbreviated form, "''S.V.B.E.E.V.''" You can write this in addition to saying hello: “''Agricola Cordo S.P.D. S.V.B.E.E.V.''”


−	==~~Closings~~==	+	==Closing Salutations==
		+
		+	[[Latin]] has its own customs for closing a letter or message. Below are the most common ones you will encounter that you can use.
		+

	===Goodbye!===		===Goodbye!===
Line 141:		Line 146:

	A '''more elegant''' and formal way to say goodbye is to use the expression "''Cura, ut valeas!''" which means "Take care that you be well." In plural it will become "''Curate, ut valeatis!''".		A '''more elegant''' and formal way to say goodbye is to use the expression "''Cura, ut valeas!''" which means "Take care that you be well." In plural it will become "''Curate, ut valeatis!''".
		+

	===May the Gods keep you safe===		===May the Gods keep you safe===
Line 181:		Line 187:

	\|}		\|}
		+

	==More Examples==		==More Examples==
Line 230:		Line 237:
	*''Cicero'' -> ''Ciceroni''		*''Cicero'' -> ''Ciceroni''
	*''Felix'' -> ''Felici''		*''Felix'' -> ''Felici''
		+

	==Latin words==		==Latin words==

−	There are many Latin words you're likely to see, and ~~this~~ can't be a complete Latin glossary, ~~but these words are frequently used in our communities. Keeping~~ a dictionary by the computer is a good idea. See [[Reading list for lingua Latina]] for suggestions on Latin dictionaries. See [[Online resources for Latin]] for online dictionaries. Study our articles about [[Latin grammar]], [[declension]]s and [[Latin language]], visit our short [[Latin phrasebook]].	+	There are many Latin words you're likely to see and are frequently used in our communities. This can't be a complete Latin glossary, so keeping a dictionary by the computer is a good idea. See [[Reading list for lingua Latina]] for suggestions on Latin dictionaries. See [[Online resources for Latin]] for online dictionaries. Study our articles about [[Latin grammar]], [[declension]]s and [[Latin language]], visit our short [[Latin phrasebook]].

	* "''Gens''" means "clan" (plural "''gentes''").		* "''Gens''" means "clan" (plural "''gentes''").
Line 241:		Line 249:
	* "''Edictum''" means "edict" (plural "''edicta''")		* "''Edictum''" means "edict" (plural "''edicta''")

−	The names of magistracies are usually in Latin. Sometimes the singular form seems familiar but the plural is not what would be expected in English. To learn more about '''Latin plurals''', read [[Nominative\|this article]].	+
		+	The names of '''[[Magistracies (Nova Roma)\|magistracies]]''' are usually in [[Latin]]. Sometimes the singular form seems familiar but the plural is not what would be expected in English. To learn more about '''Latin plurals''', read [[Nominative\|this article]].

	You could use these forms when writing to the office holders.		You could use these forms when writing to the office holders.
Line 278:		Line 287:

	'''Example''': Marcus Tullius Cicero would start a letter to the ''censores'' thus: ''M. Tullius Cicero censoribus S.P.D.''		'''Example''': Marcus Tullius Cicero would start a letter to the ''censores'' thus: ''M. Tullius Cicero censoribus S.P.D.''
		+

	===Computer Terms===		===Computer Terms===

Decimus Aurelius Ingeniarius: Part 1 - Formatting and layout changes only - to aid in clarity. No changes to the content.

2020-08-15T12:11:18Z

Part 1 - Formatting and layout changes only - to aid in clarity. No changes to the content.

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:11, 15 August 2020
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{LanguageBar\|Latin for e-mail}}{{Latin grammar articles}}		{{LanguageBar\|Latin for e-mail}}{{Latin grammar articles}}

−	~~'''Adding Latin greetings to your mail: a brief introduction for beginners.'''~~	+	==Introduction==

−	In Nova Roma we use ~~a lot of~~ [[Latin]] in our ~~posts~~, ~~and this guide~~ will help you ~~with some~~ of it.	+	In keeping with [[Mos Maiorum]] we, the citizens of [[Nova Roma]], seek to use as much [[Latin]] in our various communications as possible. Being a global community, we will often use e-mail or mailing lists to communicate with each other.
		+
		+	This page is a guide for new citizens and beginners, to aid you along your path to [[Romanitas]]. Below is a basic framework for using [[Latin]] throughout various written communication mediums to help you better assimilate and become a true Roman!
		+
		+	==Latin Layout==
		+
		+	To aid you in understanding how Latin changes the format of a letter, we will use the example of ''Kim'', writing a letter (or e-mail) to ''Lee''.

−	~~==Organization==~~

	{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:white"		{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:white"
−	!A ~~simple~~ letter ~~from Lee to Kim might look~~ like this:	+	!A typical letter in English looks like this:
−	!Latin style ~~moves things around a bit~~:	+	!Latin style changes the format slightly:
−	!A similar letter in Latin looks like this:	+	!A similar letter all in Latin looks like this:
	\|-		\|-
−	\|width="33%"\|Dear Lee,	+	\|width="38%"\|Dear Lee,

−	~~Blah blah blah~~.	+	Keep practicing your Latin.

−	~~Yours~~,	+	Sincerely,
	Kim		Kim

	\|width="33%"\|Kim sends greetings to Lee,		\|width="33%"\|Kim sends greetings to Lee,

−	~~Blah blah blah~~.	+	Keep practicing your Latin.

	Take care!		Take care!
Line 27:		Line 32:
	\|''Agricola Cordo sal.''		\|''Agricola Cordo sal.''

−	~~Blah blah blah~~	+	Lorem ipsum dolor sit.

	''Vale!''		''Vale!''
Line 33:		Line 38:


−	The big difference is that the sender's name goes on the top. ~~We can also do it~~ the ~~nice~~ familiar ~~way with~~ the sender's name on the bottom, but the way shown above is more "authentic".	+	The big difference is that the sender's name goes at the top of the letter, not at the bottom. It is still acceptable to follow the familiar conventions and also include the sender's name on the bottom, but the way shown above is more "authentic".

−	~~Just~~ like in English, there are several ways to ~~say this that are more~~ or less ~~formal,~~ so ~~lets look at some now~~, starting with ~~the simple~~, less formal~~, ways first~~.	+	Of course, just like in English, there are several ways to write a letter or message to someone - some formal and others less so. Read on below to explore various Latin methods, starting with more colloquial, less formal approaches.

−	==~~Openings~~==	+	==Initial Greetings==

−	The words that [[Latin]] uses usually have ~~the meaning~~ of "sends a greeting" or "be well!".	+	The words and phrases that [[Latin]] uses usually have meanings of "sends a greeting" or "be well!". Several Latin phrases and examples have been prepared below which you can use depending on the circumstance or context of your letter, e-mail or message.


	===Hello!===		===Hello!===

−	~~Use~~ a Latin verb that means "to be well".	+	This greeting uses a Latin verb that means "to be well".
	*If you are writing to exactly one person, use "''Salve!''" (the imperative singular).		*If you are writing to exactly one person, use "''Salve!''" (the imperative singular).
	*If you are writing to more than one person, use "''Salvete!''" (the imperative plural).		*If you are writing to more than one person, use "''Salvete!''" (the imperative plural).
Line 51:		Line 56:


−	===Hello ~~Kim~~!===	+	===Hello Lee!===

	:''Main article: [[Vocative]]''		:''Main article: [[Vocative]]''
−	When we ~~call~~ someone by name, we use a form of the name called the "[[vocative]]". Here are the basic rules for making a vocative:	+	When we address someone directly by name, we use the form of the name called the "[[vocative]]". Here are the basic rules for making a vocative:
−	*If a name ends in "-ius", then the vocative ends in "-i". "''Tullius''" becomes "''Tulli''".	+	*If a name ends in "-ius", then the vocative ends in "-i". For example, "''Tullius''" becomes "''Tulli''".
−	*If a name ends in "-us", then the vocative ends in "-e". "''Marcus''" becomes "''Marce''".	+	*If a name ends in "-us", then the vocative ends in "-e". For example, "''Marcus''" becomes "''Marce''".
	*All other names do not change at all. "''Felix''" stays "''Felix''", "''Fabia''" stays "''Fabia''" and so on.		*All other names do not change at all. "''Felix''" stays "''Felix''", "''Fabia''" stays "''Fabia''" and so on.

−	~~There~~ is ~~a complete discussion~~ of ~~which~~ name ~~you should use in our article on~~ [[~~using Roman names~~]] .	+	It is the general convention that you address someone by their [[cognomen]] (the last part of the name). Women were often called by their [[nomen]] (middle name) alone.

−	~~It is a good idea in general to use the [[cognomen]] (the last part of the name).~~	+	Here are some more examples:
	*To say hello to Marcus Lucretius Agricola you would write "''Salve, Agricola!''".		*To say hello to Marcus Lucretius Agricola you would write "''Salve, Agricola!''".
	*To say hello to Aulus Apollonius Cordus you would write "''Salve, Corde!''".		*To say hello to Aulus Apollonius Cordus you would write "''Salve, Corde!''".
	*To say hello to Gaius Equitius Cato you would write "''Salve, Cato!''".		*To say hello to Gaius Equitius Cato you would write "''Salve, Cato!''".

−	~~Only if~~ you ~~are~~ very close friends ~~indeed with these people you could write~~:	+	Roman tradition dictates that you should never refer to someone by their [[praenomen]] (first name). The use of the praenomen was reserved for among family members or very close friends and they were never used in a public forum. Examples of the use of praenomen in this situation would look like:
	*"''Salve, Marce!''"		*"''Salve, Marce!''"
	*"''Salve, Aule!''"		*"''Salve, Aule!''"
	*"''Salve, Gai!''"		*"''Salve, Gai!''"

−	~~There~~ is more ~~detail about~~ how to address ~~people at the address given above~~.	+	It is recommended you read more on how to address fellow citizens in our article on [[using Roman names]].
		+

	===Hello Everyone!===		===Hello Everyone!===
Line 78:		Line 84:

	(Grammar note: "''Salvete!''" is the plural of "''Salve!''" and "''omnes''" is the plural of "''omnis''", meaning "all" or "every".)		(Grammar note: "''Salvete!''" is the plural of "''Salve!''" and "''omnes''" is the plural of "''omnis''", meaning "all" or "every".)
		+

	===Kim sends greetings to Lee===		===Kim sends greetings to Lee===
Line 102:		Line 109:

	(Grammar note: In this example, "''valete''" is plural because "''Omnibus''" is plural. Agricola sent greetings to "all" and so said goodbye in the plural.)		(Grammar note: In this example, "''valete''" is plural because "''Omnibus''" is plural. Agricola sent greetings to "all" and so said goodbye in the plural.)
		+

	===Kim sends greetings to Lee and Everyone===		===Kim sends greetings to Lee and Everyone===
Line 108:		Line 116:

	(Grammar note: In this example, the "''-que''" on the end of "''omnibusque''" means "and".)		(Grammar note: In this example, the "''-que''" on the end of "''omnibusque''" means "and".)
		+

	===Kim sends many greetings to Lee===		===Kim sends many greetings to Lee===

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus at 14:01, 16 August 2010

2010-08-16T14:01:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:01, 16 August 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	{{LanguageBar\|Latin for e-mail}}	+	{{LanguageBar\|Latin for e-mail}}{{Latin grammar articles}}

	'''Adding Latin greetings to your mail: a brief introduction for beginners.'''		'''Adding Latin greetings to your mail: a brief introduction for beginners.'''

Marca Hortensia Maior: /* Computer Terms */

2010-06-16T22:59:25Z

Computer Terms

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:59, 16 June 2010
Line 287:		Line 287:
	\|-		\|-
	\| e-mail		\| e-mail
−	\|''~~tabella~~''	+	\|''epistula electronica''
	\|-		\|-
	\| sound file		\| sound file
−	\|''~~capsella~~''	+	\|''scapus sonorus''
	\|-		\|-
	\| list		\| list
	\|''index''		\|''index''
		+	\|-
		+	\| download
		+	\|''onerare''

	\|}		\|}

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus at 08:32, 16 June 2010

2010-06-16T08:32:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:32, 16 June 2010
Line 270:		Line 270:
	'''Example''': Marcus Tullius Cicero would start a letter to the ''censores'' thus: ''M. Tullius Cicero censoribus S.P.D.''		'''Example''': Marcus Tullius Cicero would start a letter to the ''censores'' thus: ''M. Tullius Cicero censoribus S.P.D.''

−	==Computer Terms==	+	===Computer Terms===

	{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:#ffffff"		{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:#ffffff"

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: order and cosmetics

2010-06-16T08:31:42Z

order and cosmetics

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:31, 16 June 2010
Line 8:		Line 8:

	{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:white"		{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:white"
−	~~!width="25%"\|Vernacular~~
−	~~!Latin~~
	!A simple letter from Lee to Kim might look like this:		!A simple letter from Lee to Kim might look like this:
	!Latin style moves things around a bit:		!Latin style moves things around a bit:
Line 151:		Line 149:

	Blah blah blah		Blah blah blah
−	~~Agricola''~~

	''Vale!		''Vale!
		+	Agricola''

	\|''Agricola Cordo sal.''		\|''Agricola Cordo sal.''
Line 273:		Line 271:

	==Computer Terms==		==Computer Terms==
−	{\|border="1" cellpadding="3" style="background:#ffffff"	+
		+	{\|border="1" cellpadding="2" style="background:#ffffff"

	\|-		\|-
−	!\| ''website''	+
−	!\| ''situs interretialis''	+	!English
−	!\|''computer''	+	!Latin
−	!\|''computator''	+
−	!\|~~''email''~~	+	\|-
−	!\|''tabella''	+	\| website
−	!\|''sound file''	+	\| ''situs interretialis''
−	!\|''capsella''	+	\|-
−	!\|''list''	+	\| computer
−	!\|''index''	+	\|''computator''
		+	\|-
		+	\| e-mail
		+	\|''tabella''
		+	\|-
		+	\| sound file
		+	\|''capsella''
		+	\|-
		+	\| list
		+	\|''index''
		+
		+	\|}
		+
		+
		+
		+
		+

	[[Category:Latin language]]		[[Category:Latin language]]

Marca Hortensia Maior: /* Computer Terms */

2010-06-16T01:54:49Z

Computer Terms

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:54, 16 June 2010
Line 284:		Line 284:
	!\|''sound file''		!\|''sound file''
	!\|''capsella''		!\|''capsella''
−		+	!\|''list''
		+	!\|''index''

	[[Category:Latin language]]		[[Category:Latin language]]

Marca Hortensia Maior at 01:16, 16 June 2010

2010-06-16T01:16:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:16, 16 June 2010
Line 282:		Line 282:
	!\|''email''		!\|''email''
	!\|''tabella''		!\|''tabella''
−		+	!\|''sound file''
		+	!\|''capsella''


	[[Category:Latin language]]		[[Category:Latin language]]