Cognomen - Revision history

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus: more about charcteristics

2013-01-15T12:06:27Z

more about charcteristics

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:06, 15 January 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{LanguageBar\|Cognomen}}		{{LanguageBar\|Cognomen}}

−	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''.</onlyinclude> It is the third part of the ''tria nomina'', the three part [[Roman name]].	+	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives within the same ''[[gens]]''. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''.</onlyinclude> It is the third part of the ''tria nomina'', the three part [[Roman name]].
	{{Template:Roman name articles}}		{{Template:Roman name articles}}

−	==~~The~~ Characteristics of ''~~Cognomina~~''==	+	==Characteristics of ''cognomina''==

−	Ancient republican ''cognomina'' had certain general characteristics. A person was not given his ''cognomen'' by his parents and did not choose it for himself: he either inherited it from his parents or was given it by general consensus within the community. In this sense a ''cognomen'' was like a nickname. For this reason, they were usually objective rather than subjective, concrete rather than abstract, and neutral or insulting rather than complimentary.	+	Ancient republican ''cognomina'' had certain general characteristics. A person was not given his ''cognomen'' by his parents and did not choose it for himself: he either inherited it from his parents or was given it by general consensus within the community. In this sense a ''cognomen'' was like a nickname. For this reason, they were usually objective rather than subjective, concrete rather than abstract, and neutral or insulting rather than complimentary. ''Cognomina'' were usually adjectives describing physical or personality traits, occupation, place or ethnic of origin. Sometimes nouns could became ''cognomen'' by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonymy metonymy], for example, instead of calling a small man Paullus ("Little"), he could be given the ''cognomen'' Mus ("Mouse"), because a mouse is little. Among nouns, names of animals and plants (Lupus - wolf, Corvus - crow, Cicero - chick pea), objects, especially tools (Scipio - rod, Dolabella - hatchet, Malleolus - hammer) and parts of the body (Ahala - armpit, Barba - beard, Costa - rib) can be found.

	==Inheritance==		==Inheritance==
Line 14:		Line 14:
	''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.		''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.

−	==Types of ''~~Cognomina~~''==	+	==Types of ''cognomina''==

−	===Occupational ''~~Cognomina~~''===	+	===Occupational ''cognomina''===

	One type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").		One type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").

−	===Geographical ''~~Cognomina~~''===	+	===Geographical ''cognomina''===

	Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").		Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").
Line 26:		Line 26:
	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''.		These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''.

−	===Adoptive ''~~Cognomina~~''===	+	===Adoptive ''cognomina''===

	When a Roman citizen is adopted by another, he takes the name of his adoptive father, but adds a special ''cognomen'' to indicate his former identity. This ''cognomen'' is formed from his old ''nomen'', with the ''-ius'' ending replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending. For example, when L. Aemilius Paullus was adopted by P. Cornelius Scipio he became P. Cornelius Scipio '''Aemilianus'''.		When a Roman citizen is adopted by another, he takes the name of his adoptive father, but adds a special ''cognomen'' to indicate his former identity. This ''cognomen'' is formed from his old ''nomen'', with the ''-ius'' ending replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending. For example, when L. Aemilius Paullus was adopted by P. Cornelius Scipio he became P. Cornelius Scipio '''Aemilianus'''.

−	===Matronymic ''~~Cognomina~~''===	+	===Matronymic ''cognomina''===

	In very rare cases a Roman might use an extra ''cognomen'' formed from his mother's ''nomen''. The ''-ia'' ending was replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending or an ''-inus'' ending. For example, M. Porcius Cato had one son by his first wife Licinia, and another son by his second wife Salonia. Each son was called "M. Porcius Cato". To tell them apart, people called them "M. Porcius Cato Licinianus" and "M. Porcius Cato Salonianus".		In very rare cases a Roman might use an extra ''cognomen'' formed from his mother's ''nomen''. The ''-ia'' ending was replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending or an ''-inus'' ending. For example, M. Porcius Cato had one son by his first wife Licinia, and another son by his second wife Salonia. Each son was called "M. Porcius Cato". To tell them apart, people called them "M. Porcius Cato Licinianus" and "M. Porcius Cato Salonianus".

−	===Honrific ''~~Cognomina~~''===	+	===Honrific ''cognomina''===

	Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. A person did not give himself an ''agnomen'': it was always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. ''Pius'', "dutiful"; ''Sapiens'', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. ''Magnus'', "great"; ''Maximus'', "very great").		Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. A person did not give himself an ''agnomen'': it was always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. ''Pius'', "dutiful"; ''Sapiens'', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. ''Magnus'', "great"; ''Maximus'', "very great").

−	==Ancient ~~Republican~~ ''~~Cognomina~~''==	+	==Ancient republican ''cognomina''==

	This is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.		This is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.

M. Lucretius Agricola: fix up grammar

2008-08-04T08:31:16Z

fix up grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:31, 4 August 2008
Line 18:		Line 18:
	===Occupational ''Cognomina''===		===Occupational ''Cognomina''===

−	~~Another~~ type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").	+	One type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").

	===Geographical ''Cognomina''===		===Geographical ''Cognomina''===
Line 24:		Line 24:
	Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").		Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").

−	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.	+	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''.

	===Adoptive ''Cognomina''===		===Adoptive ''Cognomina''===
Line 32:		Line 32:
	===Matronymic ''Cognomina''===		===Matronymic ''Cognomina''===

−	In very rare cases a Roman might use an extra ''cognomen'' formed from his mother's ''nomen''. The ''-ia'' ending was replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending or an ''-inus'' ending. For example, M. Porcius Cato had one son by his first wife Licinia, and another son by his second wife Salonia. Each son was called M. Porcius Cato. To tell them apart, people called them M. Porcius Cato Licinianus and M. Porcius Cato Salonianus.	+	In very rare cases a Roman might use an extra ''cognomen'' formed from his mother's ''nomen''. The ''-ia'' ending was replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending or an ''-inus'' ending. For example, M. Porcius Cato had one son by his first wife Licinia, and another son by his second wife Salonia. Each son was called "M. Porcius Cato". To tell them apart, people called them "M. Porcius Cato Licinianus" and "M. Porcius Cato Salonianus".

	===Honrific ''Cognomina''===		===Honrific ''Cognomina''===

−	Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. ~~Obviously a~~ person ~~cannot~~ give himself an ''agnomen'': it is always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. '''Pius''', "dutiful"; '''Sapiens''', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. '''Magnus''', "great"; '''Maximus''', "very great").	+	Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. A person did not give himself an ''agnomen'': it was always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. ''Pius'', "dutiful"; ''Sapiens'', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. ''Magnus'', "great"; ''Maximus'', "very great").

	==Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''==		==Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''==

−	~~Here~~ is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.	+	This is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.

	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>

M. Lucretius Agricola: add more types from Choosing article

2008-08-04T08:20:52Z

add more types from Choosing article

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:20, 4 August 2008
Line 14:		Line 14:
	''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.		''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.

−	==Occupational ''Cognomina''==	+	==Types of ''Cognomina''==
		+
		+	===Occupational ''Cognomina''===

	Another type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").		Another type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").

−	==Geographical ''Cognomina''==	+	===Geographical ''Cognomina''===

	Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").		Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").
Line 24:		Line 26:
	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.		These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.

−	==Honrific ''Cognomina''==	+	===Adoptive ''Cognomina''===
		+
		+	When a Roman citizen is adopted by another, he takes the name of his adoptive father, but adds a special ''cognomen'' to indicate his former identity. This ''cognomen'' is formed from his old ''nomen'', with the ''-ius'' ending replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending. For example, when L. Aemilius Paullus was adopted by P. Cornelius Scipio he became P. Cornelius Scipio '''Aemilianus'''.
		+
		+	===Matronymic ''Cognomina''===
		+
		+	In very rare cases a Roman might use an extra ''cognomen'' formed from his mother's ''nomen''. The ''-ia'' ending was replaced with an ''-ianus'' ending or an ''-inus'' ending. For example, M. Porcius Cato had one son by his first wife Licinia, and another son by his second wife Salonia. Each son was called M. Porcius Cato. To tell them apart, people called them M. Porcius Cato Licinianus and M. Porcius Cato Salonianus.
		+
		+	===Honrific ''Cognomina''===

	Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. Obviously a person cannot give himself an ''agnomen'': it is always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. '''Pius''', "dutiful"; '''Sapiens''', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. '''Magnus''', "great"; '''Maximus''', "very great").		Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. Obviously a person cannot give himself an ''agnomen'': it is always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. '''Pius''', "dutiful"; '''Sapiens''', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. '''Magnus''', "great"; '''Maximus''', "very great").

M. Lucretius Agricola: agnomen

2008-08-04T08:10:35Z

agnomen

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:10, 4 August 2008
Line 4:		Line 4:
	{{Template:Roman name articles}}		{{Template:Roman name articles}}

−	====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====	+	==The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''==

	Ancient republican ''cognomina'' had certain general characteristics. A person was not given his ''cognomen'' by his parents and did not choose it for himself: he either inherited it from his parents or was given it by general consensus within the community. In this sense a ''cognomen'' was like a nickname. For this reason, they were usually objective rather than subjective, concrete rather than abstract, and neutral or insulting rather than complimentary.		Ancient republican ''cognomina'' had certain general characteristics. A person was not given his ''cognomen'' by his parents and did not choose it for himself: he either inherited it from his parents or was given it by general consensus within the community. In this sense a ''cognomen'' was like a nickname. For this reason, they were usually objective rather than subjective, concrete rather than abstract, and neutral or insulting rather than complimentary.

−	====Inheritance====	+	==Inheritance==

	A Roman almost always took his father's ''cognomen'', especially if his father himself inherited the name from ''his'' father. Cases in which a ''cognomen'' may not be passed down from father to son are those where the ''cognomen'' is particularly closely associated with the father and would not be relevant to the son.		A Roman almost always took his father's ''cognomen'', especially if his father himself inherited the name from ''his'' father. Cases in which a ''cognomen'' may not be passed down from father to son are those where the ''cognomen'' is particularly closely associated with the father and would not be relevant to the son.
Line 14:		Line 14:
	''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.		''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.

−	==~~==Ancient Republican~~ ''Cognomina''====	+	==Occupational ''Cognomina''==

−	~~Here is a list~~ of ~~some ancient republican~~ ''~~cognomina~~'' ~~with their meanings~~. ~~Some~~ ''~~cognomina~~'' ~~were used especially by certain~~ ''~~gentes~~''~~: these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other~~ ''~~gentes~~''.	+	Another type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").

−	~~<br style="clear:both"/>~~	+	==Geographical ''Cognomina''==
−	~~{{TableOfCognomina}}~~	+
−	~~<br style="clear:both"/>~~	+
−		+
−	====Geographical ''Cognomina''====	+

	Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").		Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").
Line 28:		Line 24:
	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.		These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.

−	==~~==Occupational~~ ''Cognomina''====	+	==Honrific ''Cognomina''==

−	~~Another type of~~ ''~~cognomen~~'' ~~referred~~ to the person'~~s job~~ or ~~occupation~~ (e.g. '''~~Pictor~~''', "~~painter~~"; '''~~Caprarius~~''', "~~goat-herd~~").	+	Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific ''cognomina'' in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that ''cognomina'' were not complimentary. Such honorific ''cognomina'' are called ''agnomina''. Obviously a person cannot give himself an ''agnomen'': it is always given by others. An ''agnomen'' may refer to a victory over a particular enemy people (e.g. '''Britannicus''', "victor over the Britons") or in a particular place (e.g. '''Africanus''', "victor in Africa"), a particular virtue (e.g. '''Pius''', "dutiful"; '''Sapiens''', "prudent"), or general preeminence (e.g. '''Magnus''', "great"; '''Maximus''', "very great").
		+
		+	==Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''==
		+
		+	Here is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.

	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>
		+	{{TableOfCognomina}}
		+	<br style="clear:both"/>
		+
		+	==References==
		+	<references/>
		+
		+	{{Bookinfo
		+	\| title=Personal Names in the Roman World
		+	\| author=Clive Cheesman
		+	\| date=November 30, 2008
		+	\| publisher=Duckworth Publishers
		+	\| ISBN=0715636189
		+	\| comment=Paperback, 160 pages
		+	\| name=[[User:M. Lucretius Agricola\|Agricola]]
		+	}}

	[[Category:Ancient Rome]]		[[Category:Ancient Rome]]

M. Lucretius Agricola: move nav box

2008-08-04T01:43:31Z

move nav box

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:43, 4 August 2008
Line 2:		Line 2:

	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''.</onlyinclude> It is the third part of the ''tria nomina'', the three part [[Roman name]].		<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''.</onlyinclude> It is the third part of the ''tria nomina'', the three part [[Roman name]].
		+	{{Template:Roman name articles}}

	====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====		====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====
Line 32:		Line 33:

	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>
−
−	~~{{Template:Roman name articles}}~~
−

	[[Category:Ancient Rome]]		[[Category:Ancient Rome]]

M. Lucretius Agricola: remv bit pertaining to NR only

2008-08-02T23:11:23Z

remv bit pertaining to NR only

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:11, 2 August 2008
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{LanguageBar\|Cognomen}}		{{LanguageBar\|Cognomen}}

−	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''. It is the third part of the ''tria nomina''.~~</onlyinclude>~~	+	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''.</onlyinclude> It is the third part of the ''tria nomina'', the three part [[Roman name]].

	====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====		====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====
Line 15:		Line 15:
	====Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''====		====Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''====

−	~~A ''cognomen'' used in the ancient republic will normally be acceptable so long as it complies with the general characteristics noted above.~~ Here is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.	+	Here is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.

	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>
Line 25:		Line 25:
	Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").		Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").

−	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons~~. Names like this are not allowed, for obvious reasons~~.	+	These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons.

	====Occupational ''Cognomina''====		====Occupational ''Cognomina''====

M. Lucretius Agricola: /* See also */ use nav template

2008-08-02T03:11:49Z

M. Lucretius Agricola: add see also links

2008-08-01T01:55:50Z

add see also links

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:55, 1 August 2008
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	{{LanguageBar \| Cognomen }}	+	{{LanguageBar\|Cognomen}}

	<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''. It is the third part of the ''tria nomina''.</onlyinclude>		<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''. It is the third part of the ''tria nomina''.</onlyinclude>
Line 32:		Line 32:

	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>
		+
		+	==See also==
		+
		+	* [[Nomen\|Nomen]]
		+	* [[Praenomen\|Praenomen]]
		+	* [[Roman name\|Roman name]]
		+	* [[Using Roman names\|Using Roman names]]
		+	* [[Choosing a Roman name\|Choosing a Roman name]] in Nova Roma.
		+

	[[Category:Ancient Rome]]		[[Category:Ancient Rome]]

M. Lucretius Agricola: recat

2008-07-28T02:30:20Z

recat

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:30, 28 July 2008
Line 33:		Line 33:
	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>

−	[[Category:~~Roma Antiqua~~]]	+	[[Category:Ancient Rome]]

M. Lucretius Agricola: break off from larger article

2008-07-21T07:41:10Z

break off from larger article

New page

{{LanguageBar | Cognomen }}

<onlyinclude>A ''cognomen'' is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. ''Cognomina'' often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a ''cognomen'' referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that ''cognomen''. It is the third part of the ''tria nomina''.</onlyinclude>

====The Characteristics of ''Cognomina''====

Ancient republican ''cognomina'' had certain general characteristics. A person was not given his ''cognomen'' by his parents and did not choose it for himself: he either inherited it from his parents or was given it by general consensus within the community. In this sense a ''cognomen'' was like a nickname. For this reason, they were usually objective rather than subjective, concrete rather than abstract, and neutral or insulting rather than complimentary.

====Inheritance====

A Roman almost always took his father's ''cognomen'', especially if his father himself inherited the name from ''his'' father. Cases in which a ''cognomen'' may not be passed down from father to son are those where the ''cognomen'' is particularly closely associated with the father and would not be relevant to the son.

''Agnomina'' are not usually inherited. Adoptive ''cognomina'' and matronymic ''cognomina'' are never inherited.

====Ancient Republican ''Cognomina''====

A ''cognomen'' used in the ancient republic will normally be acceptable so long as it complies with the general characteristics noted above. Here is a list of some ancient republican ''cognomina'' with their meanings. Some ''cognomina'' were used especially by certain ''gentes'': these are noted in the list, but they may also be used by members of other ''gentes''.

<br style="clear:both"/>
{{TableOfCognomina}}
<br style="clear:both"/>

====Geographical ''Cognomina''====

Some people had ''cognomina'' which referred to the place where they came from, whether a city (e.g. '''Collatinus''', "man from Collatia"), a region (e.g. '''Campanus''', "man from Campania"), or a tribe (e.g. '''Sabinus''', "man of the Sabines").

These geographical ''cognomina'' should be distinguished from honorific ''cognomina'' like '''Germanicus''' or '''Britannicus'''. These names do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called '''Britannicus''' it does not mean he is from Britain, it means he won a great victory against the Britons. Names like this are not allowed, for obvious reasons.

====Occupational ''Cognomina''====

Another type of ''cognomen'' referred to the person's job or occupation (e.g. '''Pictor''', "painter"; '''Caprarius''', "goat-herd").

<br style="clear:both"/>

[[Category:Roma Antiqua]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:11, 2 August 2008
Line 33:		Line 33:
	<br style="clear:both"/>		<br style="clear:both"/>

−	~~==See also==~~	+	{{Template:Roman name articles}}
−		+
−	* [[Nomen\|Nomen]]	+
−	* [[Praenomen\|Praenomen]]	+
−	* [[Roman name~~\|Roman name]]~~	+
−	* [[Using Roman names\|Using Roman names]]	+
−	* [[Choosing a Roman name\|Choosing a Roman name]] in Nova Roma.	+


	[[Category:Ancient Rome]]		[[Category:Ancient Rome]]